Mechanical Treatment of Lameness Flashcards
(34 cards)
What are the different mechanical treatments of lameness?
Cold/hot therapy
Physical therapy
Extracorporeal shockwave
Regenerative medicine
Hyperbaric oxygen
Massage
Laser and magnet therapy
Acupuncture/chiropractic
Farrier
Surgery
How is cold therapy used and what does it do?
Acute: first 24-48 hours
Prevent inflammatory mediators from making it worse
Decrease heat, pain and swelling
What is cold therapy used for and what does it do?
Chronic: after 48 hours
Increase circulation to remove inflammatory mediators and swelling/edema
When is physical therapy best used?
after acute stage
What does physical therapy include?
Increasing range of motion
Strengthening muscles, tendons and ligaments
Preventing formation of adhesions
What equipment can be used for physical therapy?
Swimming pool
Treadmill
Riding ring
Game ready
Pessoa
How do extracorporeal shockwaves work?
Extracorporeal = outside the body
High pressure, low frequency sound waves
How it works
- Energy within shockwaves released when meets tissue interfaces of different densities
- Energy relieves pain and accelerates healing within injured tissue
- Interacts with innervation
- Alters cell metabolism to initiate tissue repair
What is the protocol for extracorporeal shockwaves?
Initial sedation
Clipping and gel application
1000-3000 shocks for 3-5 treatments every 10-30 days
Frequency and potency varies
What is the cost of electrocorporeal shockwave?
~ $275 per treatment
What are the uses of extracorporeal shockwave therapy?
Desmitis (suspensory, checks)
Tendonitis (SDFT, DDFT, digital extensors)
Bone pain (osteitis, periostitis)
Navicular syndrome
Back pain
Sacroiliac pain
Splints
What does regenerative medicine do?
Decrease inflammatory process and speed up healing by providing building blocks
What are the different regenerative medicines?
IRAP = IL-1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
Stem cells
- Bone marrow or adipose tissue
PRP = Platelet rich plasma
Pro-Stride
- Autologous protein solution for IA use
- Contains IRAP and PRP
What are the uses of regenerative medicine?
Osteoarthritis
Osteochondrosis
- OCD and subchondral cysts
Ligament and tendon injuries
Meniscal tears
Fractures
Etc.
What is the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein (IRAP)?
Interleukin-1
Major inflammatory mediator
What does the interleukin-1 mediator do?
activates monocytes/macrophages - inflammation
induces fibroblast proliferation - synovial pannus formation
activates chondrocytes - cartilage breakdown
activates osteoclasts - bone resorption
What does IRAP do with the IL-1 receptor?
IRAP compete with IL-1 for space on the receptor –> blocks inflammatory effect of IL-1
What are the uses of IRAP?
joint inflammation
post joint surgery
What is the technique for IRAP?
Draw blood
Incubate for 24 hours in syringe with chromium-coated beads, then centrifuge and inject into joint
Give weekly, then monthly after sx
What are the different stem cells?
mesenchymal versus embryonic
What are adult mesenchymal stem cells?
Immature, vigorous cells –> mature into any of various body cell types - nerve, blood, heart, muscle, fat, bone, cartilage, etc.
Plasticity - adaptable and capable of being manipulated into becoming different types of cells
No risk of tissue rejection
Where do bone marrow stem cells come from?
sternum or pelvis
Blood marrow
-Fibronectin - aids cell migration thru areas of injection
- Growth factors - promote healing
Limited number of them cells
- Techniques to concentrate
- Takes weeks
Where do adipose tissue stem cells come from?
the horse’s rump
What are the advantages of stem cells from adipose tissue?
minimally invasive
more concentrate cells
more diverse population of cells
1 day turn around
What are the disadvantages of adipose stem cells?
large incision/scar
expensive - $3,000-3,500
