Mechanical Ventilation modes

Question 1

Types of ventilators

Answer 1

pressure cycled and volume cycled

Question 2

Patient can not trigger a breath at all. The patient needs a Mode of ventilation where the machine does all of the work.

Answer 2

CMV

Controlled Mechanical Ventilation

Question 3

Patient is very slight ability to trigger breath. They need to be on ventilator but will need a setting that allows the patient to trigger but machine does the bulk of work.

Answer 3

AC
Assist Control
Pressure and Volume are set, but the patient is able to trigger the machine to deliver the set volume.

Question 4

Patient is able to initiate some breaths but still requires support to maintain oxygenation.

Answer 4

SIMV/IMV
Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation OR Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation. Patient gets a preset number of breaths and volume but can take their own breath at whatever volume they want to pull.

Question 5

Patient is able to use diaphram to bring air in but is unable to continue to get in enough air

Answer 5

CPAP
continuous positive airway pressure
Allows patient to breath spontaneously and gives pressure greater than atmospheric

Question 6

Patient is able to breath independently but needs extra push with each breath

Answer 6

Pressure support

Inspiratory effort totally unassisted but a preset amount of airway pressure is delivered with each breath

Question 7

Patient requires intrathoracic airway pressure

Answer 7

Positive End Expiratory Pressure

maintains intrathoracic airway pressure above atmospheric throughout expiration

Question 8

High concentrations of FiO2 over long period of time can caue

Answer 8

O2 Toxicity

Question 9

How is tidal volume adjusted to increase aveolar ventilation

Answer 9

Tidal volume is increased to increase aveolar ventilation

Question 10

What are the 6 key ventilator settings

Answer 10

1. Mode
2. FiO2
3. Tidal Volume
4. Repiratory Rate
5. PEEP
6. PS

Question 11

Volume of gas forcefully expelled from lungs after maximal inspiration

Answer 11

Force Vital Capacity

Question 12

Volume of gas expelled in the first second of the Forced vital capacity

Answer 12

Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second

FEV1

Question 13

maximal mid-expiratory airflow rate

Answer 13

Forced expiratory volume 25-75

Question 14

Maximum airflow rate achieved in Forced vital capacity

Answer 14

Peak expiratory flow rate

Question 15

Obstructive diseases of lungs within normal range or larger are characterized by

Answer 15

By inflamed and easily collapsible airways,these obstructive disease cause obstruction to airflow, problems exhaling and are characterized by reduced airflow rates

Question 16

Volume of gas in lungs after maximum inspirartion

Answer 16

Total lung capacity

Question 17

Interstitial lung disease, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and Sarcoidosis, an autoimmune disease are characterized by there by reduction of

Answer 17

Restrictive diseases such as these effect stiffness of the chest wall, weak muscles, or damaged nerves reduced volume and expiratory flow rate

Question 18

Overlap between breaths can occur in which modes

Answer 18

APRV and IMV