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Physics Unit 1 > Mechanics > Flashcards

Mechanics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between scalars and vectors?

A

A scalar quantity only has magnitude, not direction, but with a vector quantity you need to state the direction as well as the magnitude.

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2
Q

Examples of scalar quantities

A

Distance, Speed, Mass, Volume, Energy, Power, Time, Temperature, Potential difference. Resisitance

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3
Q

Examples of vector quantities

A

Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration, Force, Momentum, Weight, Electric field strength, Intensity,

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4
Q

Prefixes for: nano, micro, milli, kilo, mega, giga

A

(nano, n, x10^-9) (micro, u, x10^-6) (milli,m, x10^-3) (Kilo,k, x10^3) (mega, m, x10^6) (giga, g, x10^9)

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5
Q

What is Newton’s first law of motion?

A

States that an object will remain in a state of rest or continue to move with a constant velocity unless acted upon by a resultant external force

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6
Q

What is Newton’s second law of motion?

A

F=MA The acceleration of a body of a constant mass is proportional to the resultant force applied to it and in the direction of the resultant force

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7
Q

What is Newton’s third law of motion?

A

If body A exerts a force on body B, body B will exert an equal and opposite force on body A.

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8
Q

Talk about displacement time graphs

A

The gradient is the velocity

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9
Q

Talk about a velocity time graph

A

The gradient is the acceleration, the area between the line and axis is the displacement

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10
Q

How do you calculate horizontal and vertical components?

A

Sin is for vertical, cos for horizontal

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11
Q

What is the principle of conservation of energy?

A

Energy is never created or destroyed, but can be transferred from one form to another by work

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12
Q

What is Velocity

A

The speed of an object in a given direction

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13
Q

What is acceleration

A

An object’s ability to gain speed

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14
Q

What is gravitational field strength

A

The gravitational force exerted by the Earth on a mass of 1kg.

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15
Q

What is meant by centre of gravity

A

When all the gravitational force acts on a single point,

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16
Q

What is meant by work done

A

When a force acts on an object and transfers energy.

17
Q

What is meant by power

A

The rate at which work is done. rate at which energy is transferred WORKDONE/TIME

18
Q

What is meant by gravitational potential energy

A

Its related to change in height mgh

19
Q

What is the principle of conservation of energy

A

Energy can be neither created nor destroyed, but it can be transferred. Total energy at start=total energy at end.

20
Q

What is meant by density

A

Mass per unit volume kgm^-3

21
Q

What is terminal velocity

A

When the resultant force of a falling object is 0, there is no acceleration. UPTHRUST + VISCOUS DRAG=WEIGHT

22
Q

What does stoke’s law give

A

Formula for viscous drag for a small sphere at low speeds in laminar flow

23
Q

Graph for brittle

A 
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24
Q

Graph for ductile

A 
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25
Q

What is meant by the limit of proportionality

A

The point beyond which force is no longer proportional to extension. After that point, force-extension graph no longer straight

26
Q

What is meant by elastic limit

A

The short further region where the behaviour is still elastic, which means they return to their original length when force removed

27
Q

What is meant by plastic region

A

After the elastic limit, further force produces some permanent deformation .

28
Q

What is elastic strain energy

A

Work is done by the deforming force in extending it, and the energy is stored in the spring as elastic strain energy, which is released when force is removed.

29
Q

What is meant by the yield point

A

After yield point, material shows an appreciably greater increase in strain for a given increase in stress

30
Q

What is meant by ultimate tensile strength

A

The maximum stress that can be applied before the sample goes on to break

Physics Unit 1 (2 decks)

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