Mechanism: Electrophilic Addition

Question 1

Alkenes undergo electrophilic addition reactions
In an electrophilic addition reaction, two reactants form only one product
So, electrophilic addition reactions will have

Answer 1

a 100% atom economy

Question 2

It is the double bond in an alkene which makes them so reactive
The C=C double bond is an electron-rich area of the molecule which is

Answer 2

readily attacked by positively charged electrophiles

Question 3

Alkenes will undergo electrophilic addition reactions with

Answer 3

hydrogen halides, halogens and concentrated sulfuric acid with steam

Question 4

When the reaction takes place with an asymmetrical alkene, then you need to determine which product will form

This depends on the stability of the carbocation formed as the intermediate

The stability of carbon carbocations is as follows

Answer 4

Tertiary > secondary > primary

Question 5

The major product formed will be from the intermediate with the more

Answer 5

stable carbocation, but some of the product from the less stable carbocation intermediate will also form

Question 6

In the mechanism above, the secondary halogenoalkane is the major product, because a secondary carbocation is more stable than a primary carbocation