Mechanism of Action and class

Question 1

inhibitors of murein monomer synthesis

Answer 1

varies by drug

Question 2

fosfomycin

Answer 2

inhibitors of murein monomer synthesis - phosphoenolpyruvate analog that inhibits bacterial enol pyruvate transferase by covalent modification of enzymes active site to inhibit UDP-NAM -> UDP-NAG

Question 3

fosmidomycin

Answer 3

inhibitors of murein monomer synthesis - phosphoenolpyruvate analog that inhibits bacterial enol pyruvate transferase by covalent modification of enzymes active site to inhibit UDP-NAM -> UDP-NAG

Question 4

cycloserine

Answer 4

inhibitors of murein monomer synthesis - inhibits both alanine racemase and D-ala-d-ala ligase

Question 5

bacitracin

Answer 5

inhibitors of murein monomer synthesis - inhibits dephosphorylation of bactoprenyl diphosphate

Question 6

what is the MoA of inhibitors of murein polymer synthesis

Answer 6

bind to the D-ala-d-ala terminus of the murein monomer unit and inhibit peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase (PGT) to prevent addition of murein units to growing polymer chain

Question 7

vancomycin

Answer 7

inhibits murein polymer synthesis

Question 8

telavancin

Answer 8

inhibits murein polymer synthesis

Question 9

teicoplanin

Answer 9

inhibits murein polymer synthesis

Question 10

what is the MoA of inhibitors of polymer crosslinking penicillins

Answer 10

beta-lactams inhibit transpeptidase by forming a covelent dead-end acyl enzyme intermediate; PCN have a 5 member accesory ring attached to the beta-lactam ring

Question 11

penicillin G

Answer 11

penicillin, IV form

Question 12

penicillin V

Answer 12

penicillin, oral form

Question 13

oxacillin

Answer 13

penicillin (beta-lactamase resistant)

Question 14

cloxacillin

Answer 14

penicillin (beta-lactamase resistant)

Question 15

dicloxacillin

Answer 15

penicillin (beta-lactamase resistant)

Question 16

nafcillin

Answer 16

penicillin (beta-lactamase resistant)

Question 17

ampicillin

Answer 17

penicillin, broad spectrum

Question 18

amoxicillin

Answer 18

penicillin, broad spectrum

Question 19

amoxicillin/clavulanic acid

Answer 19

penicllin, broad spectrum/beta lactamase inhibitor

Question 20

ampicillin/sulbactam

Answer 20

penicllin, broad spectrum/beta lactamase inhibitor

Question 21

carbenicillin

Answer 21

penicillin, broad spectrum

Question 22

ticarcillin

Answer 22

penicillin, broad spectrum

Question 23

piperacillin

Answer 23

penicillin, broad spectrum

Question 24

mezlocillin

Answer 24

penicillin, broad spectrum

Question 25

what is the MoA of inhibitors of polymer crosslinking cephalosporins?

Answer 25

beta-lactams inhibit transpeptidase by formin covalent dead end acyl enzyme intermediate; cephalosporins have a 6 member accessory ring attached to beta lactam ring

Question 26

cefazolin

Answer 26

cephalosporin, 1st generation

Question 27

cephalexin

Answer 27

cephalosporin, 1st generation

Question 28

cefuroxime

Answer 28

cephalosporin, 2nd generation

Question 29

cefotetan

Answer 29

cephalosporin, 2nd generation

Question 30

cefoxitin

Answer 30

cephalosporin, 2nd generation

Question 31

cefotaxime

Answer 31

cephalosporin, 3rd generation

Question 32

cefrizoxime

Answer 32

cephalosporin, 3rd generation

Question 33

ceftriaxone

Answer 33

cephalosporin, 3rd generation

Question 34

cefoperazone

Answer 34

cephalosporin, 3rd generation

Question 35

ceftazidime

Answer 35

cephalosporin, 3rd generation

Question 36

cefepime

Answer 36

cephalosporin, 4th generation

Question 37

ceftaroline

Answer 37

cephalosporin, 5th generation

Question 38

what is the MoA of inhibitors of polymer cross linking monobactams/carbapenems

Answer 38

beta lactams inhibit transpeptidase forming covalent dead end acyl enzyme intermediate

Question 39

aztreonam

Answer 39

inhibits polymer crosslinking; monobactam

Question 40

imipenem/cilastatin

Answer 40

inhibits polymer crosslinking; carbapenem

Question 41

meropenem

Answer 41

inhibits polymer crosslinking; carbapenem

Question 42

doripenem

Answer 42

inhibits polymer crosslinking; carbapenem

Question 43

ertapenem

Answer 43

inhibits polymer crosslinking; carbapenem

Question 44

what is the MoA of inhibitors of cell membrane stability

Answer 44

integrates in Gram pos bacterial membranes; leading to formation of pores that cause K+ efflux, membrane depolarization and cell death

Question 45

daptomycin

Answer 45

inhibits cell membrane stability

Question 46

ethambutol

Answer 46

antimycobacterial; decreases arabinogalactan synthesis by inhibiting arabinosyl transferase that adds arabinose units to end of growing arabinogalactan chain

Question 47

pyrazinamide

Answer 47

antimycobacterial; inhibits fatty acid synthetase 1

Question 48

isoniazid

Answer 48

antimycobacterial; inhibits mycolic acid synthesis by targeting fatty acid synthetase 2

Question 49

ethionamide

Answer 49

antimycobacterial; inhibits mycolic acid synthesis by targeting fatty acid synthetase 2