Med Admin Test

Question 1

What is medication used in?

Answer 1

It’s used in 1. diagnosis of disease processes, 2. treatment or management of disease, 3. to cure illness, 4. to relieve symptoms including pain, and 5. to prevent diseases

Question 2

What are the three names of drugs?

Answer 2

Chemical name. generic name, and the trade/brand name

Question 3

What is a chemical name of a medication?

Answer 3

It’s the exact description of the medication

Question 4

What is the Generic name of a medication? Give an example

Answer 4

It’s the official name given by the manufacturer who first developed the medication
Ex: Acetaminophen

Question 5

What is the trade/brand name of a medication? Give an example

Answer 5

It’s the name provided by the manufacturer of a brand of a generic medication.
Ex: Tylenol (acetaminophen)

Question 6

What is a medication classification?

Answer 6

It’s the grouping of medications with similar characteristics.

Question 7

What do classifications do?

Answer 7

They indicate the effect of the medication of a body system, the symptoms the medication relieves, or the medication’s desired effect.

Question 8

Give some examples of classifications

Answer 8

Anticoagulants
Analgesics
Antiemetics
Diuretics
Mucolytics
Etc.

Question 9

Who enforces medication laws?

Answer 9

It’s the FDA (Food and Drug Administration

Question 10

What is the MedWatch program (1993)?

Answer 10

It’s a program that allows for the reporting of medications and devices that have the potential to cause harm

Question 11

What’s another entity responsible for safe medication use?

Answer 11

The NPA (Nurse Practice Act)

Question 12

Can medications be used even if the FDA doesn’t approve the medication?

Answer 12

Yes if the drug is subject to an open drug efficacy study implementation (DESI) program proceeding,
health care professionals rely on the drug to treat serious medical conditions when there is no FDA-approved drug to treat the condition,
there is insufficient supply of an FDA-approved drug.
Sometimes drugs also have off-label use as well.

Question 13

How long can drug development take?

Answer 13

7-12 years and it goes in phases

Question 14

What is the orphan drug program?

Answer 14

It’s a program to encourage drug companies to find medications to tx rare diseases

Question 15

What are orphan drugs?

Answer 15

They’re very costly drugs used to treat or prevent rare diseases (orphan diseases)

Question 16

What are orphan diseases?

Answer 16

they’re very rare diseases that typically affect fewer than 200,000 people in the US

Question 17

How many orphan drugs are approved in the US by the FDA?

Answer 17

About 600 drugs

Question 18

What is the purpose of the state Nurse Practice Act?

Answer 18

It’s to protect the public from unskilled, undereducated, and unlicensed nurses

Question 19

What is pharmacokinetics?

Answer 19

transportation of drugs in the body (what the body does to the drug)

Question 20

What is pharmacodynamics?

Answer 20

Deals with the drugs action and effect in the body (what the drug does to the body)

Question 21

What is pharmacogenomics?

Answer 21

It’s the study of the response to medication due to certain genetic variations

Question 22

What is a pharmaceutics phase?

Answer 22

It’s the phase where the drug dissolves- it must be in liquid form to be absorbed.

Question 23

what is an active drug?

Answer 23

It’s a free drug so NOT bound to protein!

Question 24

If Furosemide is a loop diuretic whats something you really need to check?

Answer 24

Potassium

Question 25

What routes can medications be excreted?

Answer 25

Kidneys, bile, saliva, lungs, and feces

Question 26

What organs can metabolize drugs?

Answer 26

Liver is most common especially when it comes to PO meds. The kidneys, small intestine, and lungs can also metabolize medications.

Question 27

What's a metabolite?

Answer 27

an inactive form of a drug

Question 28

What is an agonist?

Answer 28

it binds to receptros and STIMULATES to produce an effect

Question 29

What is an antagonist?

Answer 29

It joins with receptors to BLOCK the function

Question 30

Is insulin an agonist or antagonist?

Answer 30

Insulin is an agonist

Question 31

what are the 8 types of pharmacotherapeutics?

Answer 31

1. Acute 2. Empiric 3. Maintenance 4. Palliative 5. Prophylactic 6. Replacement 7. Supportive 8. Supplemental

Question 32

What are teratogenic effects

Answer 32

they are structural or functional abnormalities that occur in a fetus or child due to exposure to a teratogen (something that can increase risk of miscarriage or still birth. or birth defects)

Question 33

What are some risks of smoking and drinking during pregnancy?

Answer 33

Low birth weight, premature birth, fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 34

what does pruritis mean?

Answer 34

it's itching

Question 35

what does urticaria mean?

Answer 35

it's hives

Question 36

What are the SX of anaphylactic shock?

Answer 36

respiratory sx, low BP, tachycardia, syncope, angioedema

Question 37

What does drug idiosyncrasy mean?

Answer 37

It's unusual reactions to a drug that occurs in a small fraction of pts and doesn't have an obvious relationship to dose or duration.

Question 38

What is an additive drug reaction?

Answer 38

the combined effect of drugs is greater. Ex: taking alcohol with an anticoagulant increases bleeding Increases one drug effect

Question 39

What is a synergistic drug reaction?

Answer 39

drugs interact with each other to increase the effect of separate actions. Increases each drug effect

Question 40

The more lipid soluble a drug is the _____ it will cross biologic membranes

Answer 40

faster

Question 41

Water-soluble drugs cross biologic membranes more _____ or _______and may stay int he intestine or in the blood stream

Answer 41

slowly or not at all

Question 42

Nonionized drugs are more ______ soluble and _____ cross biologic membranes

Answer 42

lipid, readily

Question 43

What does bioavailability affect?

Answer 43

1. the time of onset of the drug 2. the time and magnitude of the peak effect 3. and the duration of the effect

Question 44

Drug absorption from fastest to slowest (7 forms)

Answer 44

liquids, elixirs, syrups suspension solutions powders capsules tablets coated tablets enteric-coated tablets

Question 45

Furosemide: what forms is it available in? which form absorbs fastest? what is the absorption rate for oral vs IV? Any other routes to choose?

Answer 45

1. PO, IV, IM, SubQ 2. IV 3. oral 30-60 min, IV 5 min 4. I probably wouldn't choose the other routes. Maybe IM if I had to. IV would be best.

Question 46

sublingual and buccal forms of drugs have a small absorptive area. what might this mean?

Answer 46

This means only small amounts of drugs can be given this way