med asepsies

Question 1

the state of being free from living pathogenic
organisms

Answer 1

asepsis

Question 2

involves a reduction in numbers of infectious agents but does not necessarily reduce it to zero

Answer 2

Medical Asepsis

Question 3

A set of infection control practices that healthcare personnel use to reduce transmission of microorganisms in healthcare settings.

Answer 3

Standard Precautions

Question 4

when exposure to blood, body fluids, excretions, secretions (except sweat), mucous membranes, or non-intact skin is anticipated.

Answer 4

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Question 5

are a serious problem in healthcare facilities.

Answer 5

Infections

Question 6

Every year, an estimated _________ patients get a
hospital-related infection.

Answer 6

2 million

Question 7

Hold hands in upward position
while rinsing.

Answer 7

Surgical Handwashing

Question 8

A mask must not be placed around the neck to be worn again

Question 9

prevent contamination of healthcare professional’s hands and help reduce the spread of pathogens only if:

Answer 9

Gloves

Question 10

Cycle of infection = All factors involved in the spread of disease:

Answer 10

• Infectious Organism
• Reservoir of Infection
• Portal of Exit
• Mode of Transportation
• Portal of entry
• Susceptible hose

Question 11

Pathogen

Answer 11

Infectious organism

Question 12

place where organisms can thrive

Answer 12

Reservoir of infection

Question 13

Any avenue available to exit the body

Answer 13

Portal of exit

Question 14

Route taken by pathogens from reservoir to susceptible host

Answer 14

Mode of transportation

Question 15

Any avenue available to enter the body

Answer 15

Portal of entry

Question 16

Person at risk for infection

Answer 16

Susceptible host

Question 17

Of the total amount of waste generated by health-care activities, about ____ is general waste.

Answer 17

80%

Question 18

The remaining ____ is considered hazardous material that may be infectious, toxic or radioactive.

Answer 18

20%

Question 19

Every year an estimated ______ injections are administered worldwide, but not all of the needles and syringes are properly disposed of afterwards.

Answer 19

16,000 million

Question 20

waste contaminated with blood
and its by-products, cultures and stocks of infectious agents, waste from patients in isolation wards, discarded diagnostic samples containing blood and body fluids, infected animals from laboratories, and contaminated materials (swabs, bandages) and equipment (such as disposable medical devices);

Answer 20

Infectious Waste

Question 21

recognizable body parts and contaminated animal carcasses;

Answer 21

Pathological Waste

Question 22

syringes, needles, disposable scalpels and
blades, etc.;

Answer 22

Sharps

Question 23

for example mercury, solvents and
disinfectants;

Answer 23

Chemicals

Question 24

expired, unused, and contaminated drugs; vaccines and sera;

Answer 24

Pharmaceuticals

Question 25

highly hazardous, mutagenic, teratogenic or carcinogenic, such as cytotoxic drugs used in cancer treatment and their metabolites;

Answer 25

Genotoxic Waste

Question 26

such as glassware contaminated with radioactive diagnostic material or radiotherapeutic materials;

Answer 26

Radioactive Waste

Question 27

such as broken mercury thermometers.

Answer 27

Heavy Metals Waste

Question 28

Needles and syringes used in the diagnostic imaging department should always be treated as if they are contaminated with ________ . Do not recapped needles or touch them after use. Place them immediately in a ________ container labeled for this purpose.

Answer 28

virulent microbes, puncture-proof

Question 29

a term used to describe the removal by means of mechanical and chemical processes of pathogenic microorganisms, but frequently not their spores, but from objects or body surfaces.

Answer 29

DISINFECTION

Question 30

a chemical substance that is used for disinfecting only an inanimate object e.g. ( _____ , _____ )

Answer 30

Disinfectant (phenol, chlorine)

Question 31

refers to any process that effectively kills or eliminates transmissible agents (such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, and spore forms etc.) from a surface, equipment, foods, medications, or biological culture medium.

Answer 31

Sterilization

Question 32

transmissible agents

Answer 32

fungi bacteria viruses spore forms

Question 33

can be achieved through application of steam, chemical vapor sterilization, ______ sterilization and _____ _____ gas sterilization.

Answer 33

Sterilization dry heat, ethylene oxide gas

Question 34

Moist heat in the form of saturated steam under pressure is the sterilant used in the steam sterilizer (autoclave). _________ of medical devices is the least time consuming, and the preferred, method of sterilization for heat and moisture stable medical devices.

Answer 34

Steam Sterilization

Question 35

Moist heat in the form of saturated steam under pressure is the _____ used in the _______ (_______). Steam sterilization of medical devices is the least time consuming, and the preferred, method of sterilization for heat and moisture stable medical devices.

Answer 35

sterilant, steam sterilizer, autoclave

Question 36

Unsaturated chemical vapor (a mixture of alcohol, water, ketones, and formaldehyde heated under pressure) is a typical sterilant used in this method of sterilization.

Answer 36

Chemical Vapor Sterilization

Question 37

Hot air is the sterilant used in the dry heat sterilizer (_______). It is a slow process because it depends upon higher temperatures to incinerate microorganisms.

Answer 37

Dry Heat Sterilization, hot air oven

Question 38

This method of sterilization is used for heat-stable, moisture-sensitive, or steam impermeable medical devices and products.

Answer 38

Dry Heat Sterilization

Question 39

is the sterilant used in the dry heat sterilizer (hot air oven). It is a slow process because it depends upon higher temperatures to incinerate microorganisms.

Answer 39

hot air

Question 40

is the sterilant used for gas sterilization.

Answer 40

Ethylene Oxide (EtO)

Question 41

This method of sterilization is used for heat-sensitive items.

Answer 41

Ethylene Oxide Sterilization

Question 42

STERILITY CHECK

Answer 42

1. Check for the expiration or sterilization date 2. Indicator color change 3. General condition of wrapper and how it had been stored 4. Always check for holes or moisture damage

Question 43

The tape that seals this pack was originally a plain, light color. The stripes appeared on the tape when conditions for sterility were achieved.

Answer 43

Sterility indicators

Question 44

The strips below each package show the way they looked before sterilization. The strips on the packages have changed color because they have been sterilized.

Answer 44

Sterilized packages

Question 45

the procedure used to prevent contamination of microbes before surgery

Answer 45

surgical asepsis