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med chap 4 - whole body Flashcards

(107 cards)

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1
Q

anterior

A

pertaining to the front of the body or toward the belly of the body

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2
Q

posterior

A

pertaining to the back of the body

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3
Q

ventral

A

of/or pertaining to a position toward the belly of the body; frontward; anterior

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4
Q

dorsal

A

pertaining to back or posterior

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5
Q

medial

A

toward the midline of the body

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6
Q

lateral

A

toward the side of the body, away from the midline of the body

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7
Q

superior

A

above or upward toward the head

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8
Q

inferior

A

below or downward toward the tail or feet

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9
Q

cranial

A

pertaining to the head

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10
Q

candal

A

pertaining to the tail

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11
Q

distal

A

farthest from the trunk/point of attachment of the body

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12
Q

proximal

A

nearest from the trunk/point of attachment of the body

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13
Q

supine

A

lying horizontally on the back, face up

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14
Q

prone

A

lying facedown on the abdomen

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15
Q

supination

A

the movement allows the palms of the hands to turn upward/forward

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16
Q

pronation

A

the movement allows the palms of the hands to turn downward/backward

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17
Q

plantar

A

pertaining to the sole/bottom of the foot

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18
Q

dorsum

A

the back/posterior surface of a part; in the foot;top of foot

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19
Q

abdominal cavity

A

contains: liver, gallbladder, spleen, stomach, intestines, kidneys

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20
Q

abdominopelvic cavity

A

space between the diaphragm and the groin

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21
Q

anaplasia

A

loss of structure and orientation of cells

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22
Q

anatomical position

A

person standing with arms at sides and palms turned forward

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23
Q

anterior

A

pertaining to the front of the body

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24
Q

aplasia

A

without development; failure resulting in the absence of any organ or tissue

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25
cardiac muscle
the muscle that makes up the muscular wall of the heart
26
caudal
pertaining to the tail
27
cell
smallest unit of living matter
28
cell membrane
the semipermeable barrier that is the outer covering of a cell
29
cervical vertebrae
first segments of spinal column; C1 through C7
30
chromosomes
threadlike structures within the nucleus that control functions: growth, repair, and reproduction
31
coccyx
the tailbone
32
connective tissue
tissue that supports and binds other body tissue and parts
33
cranial
pertaining to the skull or cranium
34
cranial cavity
contains brain
35
cytology
the study of cells
36
cytoplasm
the gel-like substance that surrounds the nucleus of a cell
37
deep
away from the surface/toward the inside of the body
38
distal
away/farthest from the trunk of the body
39
dorsal
pertaining to the back
40
dorsum
the back or posterior surface of a part
41
dysplasia
any abnormal development of tissue or organs
42
epigastric region
upper section of the abdomen, beneath the cartilage of the ribs
43
epithelial tissue
the tissue that lines the vessels, body cavities, glands, and body organs
44
frontal plane
dividing the body into front and back portions
45
genes
segments chromosomes that transmit hereditary characteristics
46
histologist
medical scientist who specializes in the study of tissues
47
hyperplasia
increase in the number of cells of a body part
48
hypochondriac region
right and left regions of the upper abdomen
49
hypogastric region
middle section of the lower abdomen
50
hypoplasia
incomplete or underdeveloped organ or tissue
51
inferior
below or downward toward the tail or feet
52
inguinal region
right and left lower regions; iliac region
53
intervertebral disc
cartilage that serves as a cushion between the vertebrae
54
lateral
toward side of body; away from midline
55
lumbar region
right and left regions of the middle section of the abdomen
56
lumbar vertebrae
lower vertebrae; L1-L5
57
lysosomes
destroy bacteria by digesting them
58
mcburney's point
right side of abdomen; between the umbilicus and anterior of hip
59
medial
toward midline of the body
60
mediolateral
pertaining to the middle and side of a structure
61
membrane
thin layer of tissue that covers a surface, lines a cavity, or divides a space
62
midsagittal place
the plane that divides the body into right and left
63
mitochondria
cell organs that provide the energy needed by the cell to carry its essential functions
64
navel
the umbilicus; the belly button
65
neoplasia
the new/abnormal development of the cells that may be benign/malignant
66
nucleus
the central controlling body within a living cell; within the cell membrane
67
organ
tissues arranged together to preform a special function
68
pelvic cavity
contains: urinary bladder and reproductive organs
69
peritoneum
membrane that covers the entire abdominal wall
70
plane
imaginary cuts made through the body
71
plantar
pertaining to the sole/bottom of the foot
72
posterior
pertaining to the back of the body
73
pronation
movement that allows the palms of the hands to turn downward/backward
74
prone
lying facedown on the abdomen
75
ribosomes
cell organs that synthesize proteins
76
sacrum
triangular-shaped bone that results from the fusion of the 5 sacral bones
77
skeletal muscle
muscle that is attached to bone
78
smooth muscle
found in walls of hollow organs: stomach, intestines
79
spinal cavity
contains the nerves of the spinal cord
80
ili/o
ilium
81
inguin/o
groin
82
inter-
between
83
-ion
action, process
84
later/o
side
85
lumb/o
lower back
86
medi/o
middle
87
nucle/o
nucleus
88
pelv/i
pelvis
89
-plasm
living substance
90
poster/o
back
91
proxim/o
near
92
sacr/o
sacrum
93
-some
"a body" of a specified type
94
spin/o
spine
95
thorac/o
chest
96
umbilic/o
navel
97
ventr/o
belly, front side
98
vertebr/o
vertebra
99
viscer/o
internal organs
100
RUQ
right upper quadrant
101
LUQ
left upper quadrant
102
RLQ
right lower quadrant
103
LLQ
left lower quadrant
104
abdominal
pertaining to the abdomen
105
thoracic cavity
contains: heart, lungs, esophagus
106
mid-sagittal plane
The imaginary “line” created when the body is divided into and left halves is called the
107
anaplasia
A change in the structure and orientation of cells, characterized by a loss of differentiation to a more primitive form (“without formation”), is known as

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