Med Classes Flashcards
(8 cards)
Metiglitinides
MOA: insulin secretagogue and basal and meal stimulated insulin secretion
ADR: hypoglycemia, wt gain, Antabuse effect, potential for pancreatic burnout.
Best for age less than 60 and within 5 yrs Dx
Meds: Prandin and Starlix
Biguanides
MOA: improves insulin sensitivity in muscle/fat; inhibits hepatic glycogenolysis
ADR: GI, metallic taste, lactic acidosis
Withhold med before study with IV contrast dye as it could result in kidney failure and/or lactic acidosis
Meds: Metformin (glucophage)
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
MOA: competitively blocks enzyme alpha glucose date in brush borders of small intestine to slow breakdown of carbs to glucose
ADR: GI (gas)
Meds: Precose (acarbose)
Thiazolidinediones
MOA: enhances insulin sensitivity in muscle/fat
Risk: heart failure
ADR: volume retention, heart failure, fracture risk, bladder CA (actos), MI, thyroid CA (Avandia)
Meds: actos and Avandia
DPP4
MOA: inhibits degradation of endogenous in retina, increase insulin secretion, decrease glucagon secretion
ADR: poss heart failure, URI, nasopharyngitis, HA
Meds: Januvia, Galvus, Tradjenta
Noninsulin polypeptide analogues (injectables)
MOA: stimulates GLP-1 receptors which increase production of insulin in response to high Bg, inhibits post prandial glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, increases satiety.
ADR: D/N/V, hypoglycemia (except victoza)
Meds: Byetta, Victoza, Bydureon
SGLT2 Inhibitors
“Glucose transport inhibitor”
MOA: block SGLT2 protein that is involved in most re absorption in proximal renal tubule
ADR: dehydration, UTI, yeast infxn, hypoTN
Meds: Invokana, Farxiga
Sulfonylureas
MOA: insulin secretagogue and basal and meal stimulated insulin secretion
ADR: hypoglycemia, wt gain, Antabuse effect, potential for pancreatic burnout.
Best for age less than 60 and within 5 yrs Dx
Meds: glimepiride, glipizide, glyburide
