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NCLEX > Med Surg Fast Facts > Flashcards

Med Surg Fast Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Risk associated with Gastrectomy

A

Dumping syndrome

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2
Q

Preventing Dumping Syndrome

A

supine after meals, small/frequent meals, limit fluids with meals

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3
Q

Signs of Hypokalemia

A

decreased motility- hypoactive bowel sounds, abdominal distension

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4
Q

Meds to hold with cardioversion

A

glycosides (digoxin)

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5
Q

Post-op TURP expected versus unexpected symptoms

A

Expected: bladder spasms, low grade fever
Unexpected: red urine with clots

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6
Q

Cataract Removal: expected vs. unexpected

A

Expected: white drainage/tearing, itching, blood shot
Unexpected: pain and vomiting (increased ICP- hemmorhage)

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7
Q

Signs of malignant hyperthermia

A

HypOtension, Tachy, muscle rigidity, Tachypnea

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8
Q

Treatment for Malignant Hyperthermia

A

IV Dantrolene

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9
Q

Symptom of Retinal Detachment

A

Painless, Curtain-closing

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10
Q

Signs of DKA

A

glucose >300
Hypokalemia
Decreased pH and HCO3

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11
Q

TPN- if no bag available…

A

Give 10-20% dextrose

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12
Q

Tensilon Test- Myesthenia Gravis Crisis vs. Cholinergic Crisis

A

MG Crisis: improvement

Cholinergic Crisis: muscle twitch & weakness increases

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13
Q

Chest Tube Drainage after open thoracotomy- notify if drainage greater than…

A

70 mL/hr

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14
Q

RBC Infusion- appropriate gauge

A

@ least 20g

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15
Q

RBC infusion- Hemolytic reaction symptoms

A

Lower back/FLANK pain & apprehension

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16
Q

RBC infusion- Anaphylactic reaction symptoms

A

urticaria, bronchospasm

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17
Q

RBC infusion- Circulatory Overload symptoms

A

HTN, SOB, Bounding pulse, Crackles

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18
Q

RBC Infusion- Febrile Reaction symptoms

A

chills, fever

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19
Q

Thyroid storm- report..

A

increased systolic BP

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20
Q

Adverse Effect of Mannitol

A

Headache- report

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21
Q

Treatment for Biliary Colic

A

Anticholinergics to decrease spasms and pain

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22
Q

Cause and Signs of Myxedema Coma

A

Hypothyroidism (decreased blood to brain)

Sign: Slowed speech

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23
Q

Active TB discharge instructions

A

Sputum cultures Q2-4 weeks until 3 negative
Contagious until meds taken for 2-3 weeks
No precautions at home (family already exposed)

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24
Q

Subclavian Central Line Placement Nursing measures

A

Sterile gloves for dressing change

Modified Trendelenberg

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25
Q

Sign of Flail Chest

A

paradoxical chest movement

26
Q

Sign of Tension Pneumothorax

A

chest asymmetry

27
Q

Peritoneal Dialysis outflow expected finding

A

blood tinged

Give enema before if anorexia and constipation

28
Q

What should be monitored for during hemodialysis

A

Disequillibrium Syndrome- watch for decreased LOC

29
Q

Right Sided HF Symptoms

A

JVD, Edema- weigh daily

30
Q

Left Sided HF symptoms

A

Pulmonary Edema, Crackles, SOB- auscultate

31
Q

Bucks Traction nursing implications

A

Foot of bed slightly elevated to reduce shear
Remove boots Q8hrs and inspect skin
Foot exercises throughout day
Constant Traction maintained (not on floor)

32
Q

Right sided CVA response

A

visual-spacial (one-sided neglect)

33
Q

Left Sided CVA response

A

Language: expressive/receptive aphasia

34
Q

Confirming NG Tube Placement

A

Initial: Chest X-Ray
Later: pH 1-5
Push 10-30mL air & auscultate LUQ

35
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis Non-Pharmacologic Tx

A

Alternating Hot and Cold

Pain in AM

36
Q

S/S of Hypocapnia

A

numb/tingling fingers
anxiety
hyperventilation

37
Q

Treatment for Hypocapnia

A

Non-Rebreather Mask- retains CO2

38
Q

TPN Nursing Implications

A

Check Glucose Q4-6hrs
Change tube & solution Q24hrs- sterile
Dextrose if no bag available

39
Q

Intervention for Peritoneal Dialysis sluggish drainage

A

turn to side, keep HOB elevated

40
Q

Romberg Sign

A

Drunk Test- positive if swaying side to side (proprioceptive problem)

41
Q

Babinski Test

A

If positive (FLARE) after 2 yrs-CNS Damage

42
Q

Insulin Pump

A

rapid/short-acting insulin

Change needle Q3days

43
Q

Magnesium Normal Values

A

1.8-3.0

44
Q

Hypomagnesia symptom

A

dysrhythmias. Phosphate lowers Mg

45
Q

Risk associated with Parathyroidectomy

A

Hypocalcemia- have IV Calcium available

46
Q

Sign of Rheumatic Heart Disease during Pregnancy

A

cough on minimal exertion- sign of cardiac decompensation/ pulmonary edema

47
Q

BUN Normal Value

A

5-20

48
Q

Cyclosporine Side Effects

A

Nephrotoxicity, HypERkalemia, Tremors,infection, Hirtuism

49
Q

RDS (resp. distress syndrome) in preterm infant- sign of improvement

A

increased output- 1-3mL/kg/hr

50
Q

Sign of Patent Ductus Arteriosis

A

Systolic Murmur

51
Q

Sign of HF in newborn

A

edema in 1st 24 hrs

52
Q

Metabolic Alkalosis Signs

A

Increased pH & HCO3 (>27)
CO2 Normal (35-45)
Cause: NG Continuous Suction

53
Q

A-Fib Symptoms

A

(decreased Cardiac output)
HR >100bpm
Palpitations, dizzy, hypOtension, chest pain, JVD, pulse deficit, fatigue, weakness, SOB

54
Q

Long-term adverse effect of Cleft Palate Repair

A

Hearing loss (unresponsive when given directions)

55
Q

Chron’s Diet

A

NO F&F (fats & fiber)

Chrons= Calorie & Carne (high protein/calorie)

56
Q

Clozapine (Clozaril) Side effects

A

AGRANULOCYTOSIS
weight gain
hypOtension
HypERglycemia

57
Q

Sickle Cell Vaso-occlusive Crisis Treatment

A

Start IV fluids, control pain & fever, warm pack, Oxygen

58
Q

Pitting edema measurement

A

1+ = 2mm 2+= 4mm …etc

59
Q

EKG: Premature Ventricular Contractions

A

bradycardia with wide/irregular QRS > .16sec

60
Q

Hypokalemia symptoms

A

Hypotension, weak/thready pulse, Muscle weakness, decreased motlility,

NCLEX (2 decks)

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