Med Term- Module 6 Flashcards
(184 cards)
1
Q
acetabulum
A
Rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis that joins the femur, forming the hip joint
2
Q
acromion
A
outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder
3
Q
bone
A
dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton
4
Q
calcaneus
A
heel bone
5
Q
calcium
A
one of the mineral constituents of the bone
6
Q
cancellous bone
A
spongy; porous, bone tissue in the upper part of the bone
7
Q
cartilage
A
flexible, connective tissue; found in the immature skeleton, at the epiphyseal growth plate, and on joint surfaces
8
Q
collage
A
dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissues
9
Q
compact bone
A
hard, dense bone tissue, usually found around the outer portion of bones
10
Q
condyle
A
a rounded protuberance at the end of some bones, forming an articulation with another bone
11
Q
cranial bones
A
skull bones, ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal
12
Q
diaphysis
A
shaft or mid-portion, of a long bone
13
Q
disc
A
flat, round, plate-like structure
14
Q
epiphyseal plate
A
cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton
15
Q
epiphysis
A
each end of a long bone; the area beyond the epiphyseal plate
16
Q
facial bones
A
bones of the face; lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, zygomatic
17
Q
fissure
A
a natural cleft between body parts or in the substance of an organ
18
Q
fontanelle
A
soft spot between the skull bones of an infant
19
Q
foramen
A
the bony hollow archway created by pedicles of adjacent vertebrae
20
Q
fossa
A
a depression or hollow
21
Q
haversian canals
A
minute spaces filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone
22
Q
malleolus
A
round process on both sides of the ankle joint
23
Q
manubrium
A
upper portion of the sternum joins with the clavicle to form the sternoclavicular joint
24
Q
mastoid process
A
rounded projection on the temporal bone behind the ear
25
medullary cavity
central, hollowed-out area in the shaft of a long bone
26
metaphysis
flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis and the epiphyseal plate
27
olecranon
large process on the proximal end of the ulna at the elbow
28
osseous tissue
bone tissue
29
ossification
process of bone formation
30
osteoblast
bone cell that helps form bony tissue
31
osteoclast
bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue
32
periosteum
membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue
33
phosphorus
mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium
34
pubic symphysis
junction of the two public bones in the anterior of the pelvis
35
red bone marrow
soft spongy tissue found in the interior of flat bones, such as the hip and breast bone; site of hematopoiesis
36
ribs
twelve pairs of curved bones that form of the chest wall
37
sella turcica
depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located
38
sinus
hollow air cavity within a bone
39
styloid process
pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull
40
suture
immovable joint between bones, such as the skull
41
temporomandibular joint
connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone of the skull and mandibular bone of the jaw
42
trabeculae
supporting latticework of bony fibers in cancellous bone
43
trochanter
a rough prominence at the upper part of the femur of many vertebrates serving usually for the attachment of muscles
44
tubercle
a small rounded projection or protuberance, especially on a bone or on the surface of an animal or plant.
45
tuberosity
an elevation on the proximal, anterior aspect of the tibia
46
vertebra
individual segment of the spine composed of the vertebral body, vertebral arch, spinous process, transverse process, and lamina, enclosing the neural canal and spinal cord
47
dorsiflexion
decreasing the angle of the ankle joint so that the foot moves upward
48
extension
increasing the angle between two bones
49
flexion
decreasing the angle between two bones
50
plantar flexion
motion that moves the foot downward toward the ground as when pointing the toes or stepping on the gas pedal
51
pronation
turning the palm down
52
rotation
circular movement around an axis
53
supination
act of turning the palm up
54
fascia
fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscles
55
insertion of a muscle
connection of the muscle to a bone that moves
56
origin of a muscle
connection of the muscle to a stationary bone
57
striated muscle
muscle connected to bones; voluntary or skeletal muscle
58
visceral muscle
muscle connected to internal organs
59
fasci/o
fascia
60
fibr/o
fibrous connective tissue
61
leiomy/o
smooth muscle that lines the walls of internal organs
62
my/o
muscle
63
myocardio/o
heart muscle
64
myos/o
muscle
65
plant/o
sole of the foot
66
rhabdomy/o
skeletal muscle connected to bones
67
rhabdomy/o
skeletal muscle connected to bones
68
-asthenia
lack of strength
69
-trophy
development, nourishment
70
ab-
away from
71
ad-
toward
72
dorsi-
back
73
poly-
many, much
74
muscular dystrophy
group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system
75
polymyositis
chronic inflammatory myopathy
76
antinuclear antibody test
detects an antibody often present in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
77
antinuclear antibody test
detects an antibody often present in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
78
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
measures time it takes for erythrocytes to settle to the bottom of a test tube
79
rheumatoid factor text
serum is tested for the presence of an antibody found in many patients with rheumatoid arthritis
80
serum calcium
measurement of calcium level in serum
81
serum creatine kinase
measurement of the enzyme creatine kinase in serum
82
uric acid test
measurement of uric acid in serum
83
arthrocentesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the joint space
84
arthrography
taking x-ray images after injection of contrast material into joint
85
arthroplasty
surgical repair or replacement of a joint
86
arthroscopy
visual examination of a joint with an arthroscope, which projects an image on a video monitor
87
bone density test
low energy x-ray absorption in bones of the spinal column, pelvis, and wrist is used to measure bone mass
88
bone scan
uptake of a radioactive substance is measure in bone
89
computed tomography
x-ray beam and computer show cross-sectional and other images of body tissue
90
diskography
x-ray examination of cervical or lumbar intervertebral disc after injection of contrast into nucleus polposus
91
electromyography
recording the electrical activity of muscle tissue
92
xiphoid process
the lower, narrow portion of the sternum
93
yellow bone marrow
fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bones
94
calc/o, calci/o
calcium
95
calcane/o
calcaneus
96
carp/o
carpals
97
clavicul/o
clavicle
98
cost/o
ribs
99
crani/o
cranium
100
femor/o
femur
101
fibul/o
fibula
102
humer/o
humerus
103
ili/o
ilium
104
ischi/o
ischium
105
kyph/o
humpback, hunchback
106
lamin/o
lamina
107
lord/o
curve, swayback
108
lumb/o
loins, lower back
109
malleol/o
malleolus
110
mandibul/o
mandible (lower jaw bone)
111
maxill/o
maxilla (upper jaw bone)
112
metacarp/o
metacarpals
113
metatars/o
metatarsals
114
myel/o
bone marrow
115
olecran/o
olecranon
116
orth/o
straight
117
oste/o
bone
118
patell/o
patella
119
pelv/i
pelvis
120
phalang/o
phalanges
121
pub/o
pubis
122
radi/o
radius
123
scapul/o
scapula
124
scoli/o
crooked, bent
125
stern/o
sternum
126
tars/o
tarsals
127
spondyl/o
vertebra
128
tars/o
tarsals
129
tibi/o
tibia
130
uln/o
ulna
131
vertebr/o
vertebra
132
-blast
embryonic or immature cell
133
-clast
to break
134
-listhesis
slipping
135
-malacia
softening
136
-physis
to grow
137
-porosis
pore, passage
138
-tome
instrument to cut
139
ewing sarcoma
rare malignant tumor arising in bone
140
exostosis
bony growth arising from the surface of the bone
141
fracture
traumatic breaking of a bone
142
osteogenic sarcoma
malignant tumor arising from osteoblasts
143
osteomalacia
softening of bone, with inadequate amounts of mineral in the bone
144
osteomyelitis
inflammation of the bone and bone marrow secondary to infection
145
osteoporosis
decrease in bone density, thinning and weakening of bone
146
talipes
congenital abnormality of the hindfoot
147
articulation
any type of joint
148
bursa
sac of fluid near a joint
149
ligament
fibrous, connective bands binding bones to other bones
150
suture joint
immovable joint
151
synovial cavity
space between bones at a synovial joint
152
synovial fluid
viscous fluid within the synovial cavity
153
synovial joint
a freely movable joint
154
synovial membrane
tissue lining the synovial cavity
155
tendon
fibrous, connective tissue binding muscles to bones
156
ankyl/o
stiff
157
arthr/o
joint
158
articul/o
joint
159
burs/o
bursa
160
chondr/o
cartilage
161
ligament/o
ligament
162
rheumat/o
watery flow
163
synov/o
synovial membrane
164
ten/o
tendon
165
tendin/o
tendon
166
-desis
to bind, tie together
167
-stenosis
narrowing
168
ankylosing spondylitis
chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints
169
arthritis
inflammation of any joint
170
bunion
enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base
171
carpal tunnel syndrome
compression of the median nerve as it passes between the transverse ligament, and bones and tendons of the wrist
172
dislocation
displacement of a bone from its joint
173
ganglion cyst
fluid-filled sac arising from joint capsules or tendons
174
gouty arthritis
inflammation of painful swelling in and around joints caused by deposition of uric acid crystals
175
herniation of an intervertebral disc
abnormal protrusion of an intervertebral disc into the spinal canal or spinal nerves
176
lyme disease
chronic, recurrent disorder marked by severe arthritis, myalgia and malaise; cause is a bacterium carried by a tick
177
osteoarthritis
progressive, degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of the bone at articular surfaces
178
rheumatoid arthritis
chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain
179
sprain
injury, often the result of trauma, involving overstretching of the ligaments around a joint
180
systemic lupus erythematosus
chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, central nervous system, heart, and lungs
181
abduction
movement away from the midline of the body
182
adduction
movement toward the midline of the body
183
magnetic resonance imaging
strong magnetic field and advanced computing technology are used to create high-resolution images of soft tissues inside the body
184
muscle biopsy
removal of tissue for microscopic examination to assess for abnormalities or disease
