med term perf tech 3 Flashcards
(152 cards)
1
Q
p50
A
hemoglobin p50, the partial pressure of oxygen where hemoglobin is 50% sat with oxygen, normally about 27mmHg
2
Q
PA
A
pulmonary artery
3
Q
PAC
A
premature atrial conctration
4
Q
PaO2
A
the partial pressure exerted by O2 dissolved in arterial plasma and RBC water, (in the venous blood - PvO2)
5
Q
PFO
A
patent foramen ovale
6
Q
PaCO2
A
the partial pressure exerted by CO2 dissolved in arterial plasma and RBC water, (in the venous blood - PvCO2)
7
Q
pCO2
A
The partial pressure (tension) exerted by CO2 in mmHg. The respiratory
component. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is
produced by metabolism and carried by the
blood to the lungs where it diffuses into the alveoli and is eliminated by exhaled breath. The amount of CO2 dissolved in the blood is measured by the partial pressure it exerts and is reported in mmHg. When CO2 dissolves in H2O it combines to form H2CO2 (carbonic acid) the most important acid in the body.
The [H2CO2] is directly proportional to the CO2 dissolved in the blood (paCO2)
and the paCO2 is a measurement of the ventilation status of the patient.
Therefor the paCO2 is known as the respiratory
component of the acid-base
balance. As with pH, the body maintains the pCO2 within strict limits. The normal pCO2 is 35-45 mmHg with a mean of 40 mmHg.
8
Q
PCWP
A
pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
9
Q
PDA
A
- patent ductus arteriosus
2. posterior descending artery
10
Q
PE
A
- pulmonary embolus
- pulmonary edema
- peripheral edema
11
Q
PTCA
A
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; compression of an athromatous
lesion by inflating an intracoronary balloon catheter to dilate the vessel
12
Q
PERLA
A
pupils equal and reactive to light and accommodation
13
Q
Perfusion
A
- flowing over or through;
- blood flow through the organs and tissues of the body;
- the profession of the study and implementation of blood flow through an
extracorporeal circuit for life support
14
Q
perfusion scan
A
a test to determine the status of blood flow to an organ
15
Q
perfusion balloon angioplasty
A
a variation of PTCA in which a catheter is inserted in the artery that permits
blood flow during balloon inflation
16
Q
perfusion technologist
A
perfusionist; the health professional educated to operate the heart lung
machine and other life support devices
17
Q
peri-
A
surrounding, around
18
Q
pericardium
A
the tough non-elastic membrane surrounding the heart that attached to the
great vessels and other anatomical
structures in the mediastinum
19
Q
pericarditis
A
inflamation of the pericardium
20
Q
pH
A
the inverse log of the hydrogen ion activity; a measure of the alkalinity or
acidity of the blood or solution on a 14
point scale with 1 being acidic and
14 being alkaline. The body normally maintains the [H+] and therefor the pH
within very strict limits. Normal pH is 7.35-7.45 with a mean of 7.40.
21
Q
PH2 O
A
water vapor pressure, the partial pressure exerted by the presence of water
vapor
22
Q
phagocyte
A
a white blood cell that engulfs and destroys foreign organisms and debris in
the blood
23
Q
pharmacologic stress test
A
a test of heart function during intentional
drug-induced stress
24
Q
pH stat
A
ventilation scheme where the total CO2 increases as the temperature falls and
the temperature corrected ABG
appears normal. So called because the
temperature-corrected, actual blood pH equals 7.40 during all temperatures of CPB
25
PI
pulmonary insufficiency
26
PICU
pediatric intensive care unit
27
PJC
premature junctional contractions
28
pK
a constant that describes the rate or degree to which a chemical reaction goes to completion, depending on temperature and pH
29
plasma free hemoglobin
hemoglobin released from dying or damaged red blood cells
30
plasma
the acellular, colorless liquid portion of the blood
31
plasmin
the substance found in the blood that digests fibrin resulting in clot dissolution
32
plasminogen
the precursor to plasmin that is activated by tissue plasminogen activator (TPA)
33
platelet
thrombocyte
34
PND
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
35
pO2
partial pressure of oxygen; Oxygen is used by the body as a metabolic
substrate to produce energy. A constant
supply of oxygen is needed to maintain
living tissue. 21% of the air we breath is oxygen and at sea level it exerts a pO2 of ~159 mmHg. The air is taken into lungs with each inhalation and moved into the alveoli where the pO2 is
~100 mmHg. The O2 diffuses into the blood
and dissolves in the plasma where it exerts a pO2 of ~95 mmHg. In normal arterial blood with a pO2 of ~95 mmHg the blood is ~98% saturated with oxygen.
The oxygen is carried to the tissue by the blood and by the time the venous blood returns to the lungs it has a pO2 of ~40 mmHg and is ~75% saturated. The paO2 is assessed on the ABG to provide a measure of the arterial oxygenation.
36
poikilothermic
cold blooded; heterothermic; animals whose body temperature changes with the
environment
37
polycythemia
a serious condition characterized by too many red blood cells in the
circulation
38
pooled platletes
platelets collected from multiple donors and mixed together for use in transfusion
39
post-MI angina
angina occurring from 1 to 60 days after an acute MI
40
PR interval
ECG PR segment, interval of time between the P wave and the R wave on the ECG
41
prime (pump)
1. to fill the extracorporeal circuit with fluid;
2. the fluid that is required to initially fill and debubble the extracorporeal circuit before connection to the patient's vascular system
42
prinzmetal's angina
variant angina, a clinical syndrome of rest pain and reversible ST-segment
elevation without subsequent enzyme
evidence of acute MI. In some patients,
the cause of this syndrome appears to be coronary vasospasm alone
often at the site of an insignificant coronary plaque, but a majority of patients with
variant angina have angiographically significant CAD
43
PS
pulmonary valvular stenosis
44
PT
prothrombin time, protime
45
PTCA
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
46
PTT
partial thromboplastin time
47
Pulmonary
referring to the lung or the bicuspid valve separating the right ventricle and
the pulmonary artery to prevent back
flow into the ventricular during diastole
48
pulmonary edema
condition, usually acute, but sometimes chronic, where fluid builds up in the lungs. This often occurs as a response to left ventricular failure in ischemic heart disease, hypertension, or aortic valve disease
49
pulmonary atresia
small or undeveloped pulmonary valve
50
pulmonary insufficiency
pulmonary valvular incompetence; back flow or regurgitation of flow through the pulmonary valve during ventricular diastole
51
pulmonary stenosis
pulmonary valvular stenosis; narrowing of the normal area of the pulmonary valve
causing a pressure drop across
the valve during left ventricular systole
52
pump
1. the blood propulsion device included in the extracorporeal circuit to replace the left ventriclar function
2. slang for the heart
53
pump tech
1. slang for the technologist that is a perfusionist
2. a technician that is responsible for operating heart lung machine during surgery
3. a member of the 'pump team
54
PV
pulmonary valve
55
PVC
premature ventricular contraction
56
PVD
peripheral vascular disease
57
PVR
1. pulmonary vascular resistance; resistance to the flow of blood through the pulmonary vascular beds
2. peripheral vascular resistance; resistance to the flow of blood through the peripheral vascular beds
3. pulmonary valve repair, or replacement; open heart surgery to repair or replace a diseased pulmonary valve with a prosthesis or artificial heart valve
58
QIP
quality improvement process
59
radionuculide test
A diagnostic test in which a radioactive substance is injected into the bloodstream and the emitted radioactivity is detected by a scanner; used to visualize the heart and vessels
60
RBBB
right bundle branch block
61
RCA
right coronary artery
62
renal
kidney
63
renal failure
failure of the kidney to cleanse the blood causing the build up of waste products in the blood
64
respiration
the chemical processes that occur at the tissue cellular level converting oxygen and water to heat, ATP and carbon dioxide
65
respiratory acidosis
an abnormal physiological process in which there is a primary reduction in alveolar ventilation relative to the rate of CO2 production. Reflected by a high pCO2 and low pH. (pCO2 greater than 45 mmHg) Treat by increasing ventilation
66
respiratory alkalosis
an abnormal physiological process in which there is a primary increase in the rate of alveolar ventilation relative to the rate of CO2 production. Reflected by a low pCO2 and high pH. (pCO2 less than 35 mmHg) Treat by decreasing ventilation.
67
re-stenosis
he recurrence of a stenosis
68
retrograde
against the normal direction of flow
69
revascularization
restoration, to the extent possible, of normal blood flow to the myocardium by surgical or percutaneous means or with removal or reduction of an obstruction as occurs when CABG or PTCA is performed
70
RH
relative humidity
71
Rh
rhesus heart monkey factor
72
RIMA
right internal mammary artery
73
RISC
Research Group on Instability in Coronary Artery Disease
74
Risk
high, intermediate, and low risk in this guideline refer to the probability of future adverse cardiac events, particularly death or MI
75
RITA
Randomized Intervention Treatment of Angina
76
RM
Right Main Coronary Artery
77
RRR
regular rate and rhythm
78
RVH
right ventricular hypertrophy
79
Rx
therapy of treatment
80
SA node
sinoatrial node
81
SBP
systolic blood pressure
82
SCOPA
South Carolina Organ Procurement Agency
83
sed. rate
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
84
SEM
systolic ejection murmur
85
SGOT
serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST)
86
SGPT
serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase
87
shock
acute peripheral circulatory failure due to derangement of circulatory control or loss of circulating fluid, marked by hypotension, coldness of skin, usually
tachycardia, and often anxiety; decreased cardiac output
88
sinus node
bundle of excitatory tissue found in the right atrium that functions as the pacemaker of the heart
89
Sinus of Valsalva
the portion of the aortic root just distal to the aortic valve containing the coronary ostia
90
sO2
percent saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen, in the arterial blood-SaO2, in
the venous blood-SvO2
91
solubility
the ability of a gas to dissolve into plasma and RBC water
92
S tach
sinus tachycardia
93
stenosis
norrowing or blockage of a coronary artery
94
STICU
surgical trauma intensive care unit
95
sublingual
beneath the tongue
96
supraventricular arrhythmia
an irregular heart beat that originates in the atria or AV node
97
SV
stroke volume
| a device placed in an vessel to keep it open, coronary stent
98
SVC
superior vena cava
99
SVG
saphenous vein graft
100
SVO2
mixed venous oxygen saturation
101
SVR
MAP-CVP/CO
102
SV tach
supraventricular tachycardia
103
systole
referring to period of time during contraction of the ventricle
104
TAPVR
total anomalous pulmonary venous return
105
TEE
transesophogeal echocardiography, a doppler echocardiographic transducer is inserted in the esophogus to visualize the lungs, heart and great vessels
106
technician
person skilled in a field or process
107
technologist:
a person who applies scientific knowledge in a specialized field or process
108
temperature correction
The mathematical process to correct for the physical changes that pH, pO2,
pCO2 go through when a blood sample is warmed or cooled in vitro during
analysis.
tetralogy of fallot (TOF):
congenital heart condition
characterized by; 1. over riding aorta, 2. VSD, 3.
RV outflow tract obstruction and, 3. PDA, if ASD is present the condition is called a "pentology of fallot"
109
TGA
transportation of the great arteries
110
thesbian veins
the small veins terminating into the right sided chambers of the heart draining the right coronary circulation of the heart
111
thrombocytopenia
abnormal decrease in number of the blood platelets
112
thrombocyte
platelet; the small, disc shaped enucleated body found in the blood that
initiates the coagulation process
113
thrombolytic therapy
```
Pharmacologic treatment with a class of drugs that can break up fibrin blood
clots
```
114
thrombus
blood clot, blood that has gone from a liquid state to a gel to stop bleeding
115
tricuspid atresia
small of undeveloped tricuspid valve
116
TI
tricuspid insufficiency
117
TM
thrombolysis in myocardial infarction
118
TIA
transient ischemic attack
119
TOF
tetrology of Fallot
120
total CO2 content
consists of HCO3-, H2CO3, and dissolved CO2 (pCO2). (Since CO2 and H2CO3 are
interchangable) total CO2 = dissolved CO2 gas + HCO3-. or total CO2 = HCO3-+(0.03 * pCO2). (The CO2 solubility coefficient, 0.03, converts pCO2 in
mm/L to meq/L) In normal plasma, more than 95% of the total CO2 is contributed by HCO3-, the other 5% by dissolved CO2 and H2CO3
121
TPA
tissue plasminogen activator; a substance that converts plasminogen to plasmin to dissolve clot
122
TR
tricuspid regurgitation
123
trans-
across or through
124
transcutaneous
through the skin
125
transfusion
the injection of whole blood or blood products into the blood stream
126
transvenous pacemaker
cardiac pacemaker using a pacing electrode or wire passed through a vein into the chambers of the heart that stimulates and maintains a normal heart rate;may be permanent or temporary
127
triage
screening and classification of sick, wounded, or injured persons to determine
priority of need and proper place of treatment
128
TS
tricuspid stenosis; stenosis of the tricuspid valve
129
tunica
in anatomy, a general term for a membrane or other structure covering or
lining a body part or organ
t. adventitia the outer coat of various tubular structures including blood
vessels
t. intima the innermost coat of a blood vessel
t. media the middle coat of a blood vessel
130
UAC
umbilical artery catheter
131
UO
urine output
132
ultrafiltration
the separation of
| fluid and electrolytes from the blood by seiving across a porous membrane
133
unstable angina
angina or chest pain that occurs at rest, new onset of pain with exertion, or
pain that has accelerated (more
frequent, longer in duration, or lower in
threshold)
134
VA
verterans administration
135
VAD
ventricular assist device, blood propulsion devices or ECCs to assist the
failing right or left ventricles
136
valvuloplasty
surgical repair of a cardiac valve
137
valvuloplasty
to make an incision into a diseased and stenosed cardiac valve to increase the valve area
138
variant angina
prinzmetal's angina, a clinical syndrome of rest pain and reversible
ST-segment elevation without subsequent
enzyme evidence of acute MI. In some patients, the cause of this syndrome appears to be coronary vasospasm alone often at the site of an insignificant coronary plaque, but a majority of patients with variant angina have
angiographically significant CAD
139
vasa vasorum
the small blood vessels providing nutrient blood flow to large arteries and veins
140
vascular
pertaining to blood vessels or indicative of a copious blood supply
141
vasoconstrict
the arterioles decrease in diameter restricting blood flow to an organ or
portion of the body
142
vasodilate
the arterioles increase in diameter all owing more blood flow
143
vena cava
the large vein(s) collecting the venous return from the head, neck and shoulders (superior vena cava) and the legs and gut (inferior vena cava) draining into the right atrium of the heart
144
ventilation
the movement of gas in and out of the lungs to facilitate blood oxygenation and carbon dioxide removal
145
ventriculography
a procedure for visualization of ventricles of the heart by x-ray after
injection of a radio opaque contrast dye
146
V fib
ventricular fibrillation
147
Von Willebrand Disease
coagulation disorder caused by lack of or non functional Von Wille brand Factor
148
VWF
Von Willebrand Factor
149
WNL
within normal limits
150
XC
cross clamp
151
xenograft
tissue taken from another species, treated and implanted
152
Y Connector
bifurcation junction resembling alphabet "Y" used for dividing or merging the flow through two pieces of tubing
