Med Year Exam Flashcards
(35 cards)
Types of minor connectors
1) join clasp to major connectors.
2) join indirect retainers to major connectors.
3) join denture bases to major connectors.
function of a minor connector
join the remaining components of a R.P.D to the major connector, distribution of applied forces Therefore, rigidity is essential.
Indications of R.P.D (cont’d)
1) Long span edentulous area 2) Free end saddles 3) periodontal compromised abutment 4) Excessive bone loss within the residual ridge 5) Immediate extracted teeth replacement 6) Patient desires
1) Kennedy Class I arch:
Bilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the remaining natural
teeth.
2) Kennedy Class Il arch:
Unilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural
teeth.
4) Kennedy Class IV arch:
Single, bilateral edentulous area located anterior to the remaining
natural teeth. (the edentulous space must cross the dental midline)
3) Kennedy Class III arch:
Unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth both anterior and
posterior to it.
Rules for Kennedy classification
1) The most posterior edentulous area determines the class , other’s are referred as modification.
2) If the second and the third molar is missing it is not considered in the class , If to be replaced, yes .
3) The extent of the modification is not considered, only the number of
additional edentulous areas.
4) No modification areas in Class IV arches. Any edentulous area lying
posterior to the single bilateral area determines the classification.
Requirement for major connectors
1) Rigidity.
2) Protect the associated soft tissues.
3) Comfortable to the patient.
4) Provide a means of placement of one or more denture base.
4) Labial bar
Bar runs across the mucosa on the facial surface of the mandibular arch.
- Disadvantages a) discomfort.b) Not rigid enough c) Poor esthetics.
- Indications a) Too far lingually inclined teeth. b) large Inoperable tori.c) Severe undercut in the lingual side of the ridge.
- Contraindications
If any other types of connectors can be used.
3) Double lingual bar (Kennedy bar)
Lingual and Dental bar. lingual surfaces , the interproximal tissues are largely exposed. - Disadvantages a) Food impaction possibility b) Irritating to the tongue. - Indications a) indirect retention is required - Contraindications a) short clinical crowns b) Lingual inclination .
2) Lingual Plate
Lingual bar with extension over lingual surfaces of the anterior teeth (having a scalloped appearance). Pt’s with wide embrasures on anterior teeth. may include “step backs design” to
minimize or eliminate the visibility of metal
- Disadvantages : Decalcification of enamel in poor oral hygiene pt.
- Indications a) Less than 8 mm between gingival margin and
floor of the mouth. b) Splinting of periodontally affected teeth. c) Restoration of all posterior teeth & there is a need for indirect retention
1) Lingual Bar
Connector have minimal height 5mm and allow 3mm of space between gingival margin and superior border of the connector.
- Disadvantages Don’t provide support.
- indications Should be used unless one of the other connectors
offers a definite advantage.
- Contraindications a) Less than 8 mm between gingival margin and floor of the mouth.
b) Inoperable tori.
6) Horseshoe
6-Smm in width , lingual surfaces , least rigid type . - Indications when large palatal torus prevents use other types - Contraindications a) cross arch stabilization is required. b) Class I
5) Complete palate
Maximum rigidity& support.
- Indications a) When all posterior teeth are to be replaced. b) Remaining teeth are periodontally compromised.
4) Antero-posterior palatal strap
8mm in width - Indications a) Numerous teeth are to be replaced. b) Presence of tori. c) cross arch stabilization is required. Contraindications a) open area less than 15×20 mm
3) Palatal strap
Should not be less than 8 mm to avoid
compromise of its rigidity.
- Indications a) Bilateral Kennedy class III. b) May be used in class II Kennedy classification.
- Contraindications a) Class I Kennedy classification. b) Palatal tori.
2) Antero- posterior palatal bar
Tow palatal bar.- Disadvantages a) annoy the tongue. b) Reduced support from palate. - Indications Large palatal tori that can’t be removed.- Contraindications Reduced Periodontal support.
1) Single palatal bar
Less than 8 mm in width.
- Disadvantages a) Provide minimum support from palate (Narrow). b) To provide rigidity it must be bulky. c) Patient discomfort.
- Indications Interim short span Kennedy class III. (1 or 2 teeth).
- Contraindications Shouldn’t be placed anterior to 2nd premolar (It’s bulk may produce noticeable discomfort & speech alteration).
Requirement for major connectors
1) Rigidity.
2) Protect the associated soft tissues.
3) Comfortable to the patient.
4) Provide a means of placement of one or more denture base.
Function of major connector:
1) Join the parts of a RPD. 2) Distribution of applied forces to all teeth and tissues contacted. 3) Some major connectors provide some support, direct-indirect Retention.
4) Provides cross arch stability. (Bracing elements on one side of
the arch providing stability to the other).
Major connector
the part of a R.P.D that
joins the components on one side of the arch to those on the
opposite side.
Minor Connectors
is that component that joins other units of the prosthesis such as clasps, rests, indirect retainers and denture bases to the major connector.
The function of a minor connector
The primary function of a minor connector is to join the remaining
components of a removable partial denture to the major connector.
Minor connectors also are responsible for distribution of applied
forces to the supporting teeth and oral tissues. Therefore, rigidity is
an essential characteristic of all minor connectors.
