Medical Issues

Question 1

How do we acquire disabilities?

Answer 1

• Prenatally (before)
• Perinatally (during)
• Postnatally (after)

Question 2

What affects us prenatally?

Answer 2

• alcohol, drugs, smoking

- leads to low birth weight

Question 3

What affects us perinatally?

Answer 3

• anoxia (low oxygen)
• prolonged labor
• injury from medical instruments (forceps)

Question 4

What affects us postnatally?

Answer 4

• head injuries
• poor nutrition
• environmental factors (lead poisoning)

Question 5

What does the right and left hemisphere of the brain control?

Answer 5

rt- non-verbal stimuli

lf- language-related stimuli

Question 6

What are the Four Hemispheric Lobes/functions?

Answer 6

• Temporal: auditory
• Frontal: abstract thinking, gross motor, speech (Broca’s Area)
• Parietal: tactile sensations (Wernicke’s Area)
• Occipital: vision/perception

Question 7

What does Postmortem show us?

Answer 7

• abnormalities in planum temporale

- smaller brain with fewer cells

Question 8

What do Genetics of LD show us?

Answer 8

• inheritability

- twin studies

Question 9

What does computed tomography(CT) show us?

Answer 9

-computerized x-rays

Question 10

What does Position-emission tomography (PET) show us?

Answer 10

• measures brain at work

- blood flow to regions highlighted by radioactive compounds

Question 11

What do Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FMRI) show us?

Answer 11

-view regions of the brain during activity

Question 12

What are Soft Signs?

Answer 12

• possible indications of developmental delay in young children
• need to be monitored
• DOES NOT MEAN IT IS A DISABILITY

Question 13

What are soft sign tests for Visual-motor skills?

Answer 13

copying various geometric designs

Question 14

What are soft sign tests for Fine Motor skills?

Answer 14

finger agnosia (which is being touched)
dexterity

Question 15

What are soft sign tests for Gross Motor skills?

Answer 15

hopping
tandem walking
standing on one foot

Question 16

Who are the doctors?

Answer 16

• Pediatrics
• Neurologist
• Ophthalmologist
• Otologist
• Psychiatrist
• PT

Question 17

What is CNS?

Answer 17

central nervous system

Question 18

What is ADHD?

Answer 18

Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder

Question 19

What are the ADHD support groups?

Answer 19

CHADD
ADDA
AD-IN

Question 20

What are the characteristics of ADHD?

Answer 20

inattention- inability to concentrate
impulsivity- responds quickly w/out thinking
hyperactivity- constant motor activity

Question 21

What are symptoms throughout life?

Answer 21

Early- problems sitting still
Young- restless, fidgety
Teens- inattention, depression
Adults- problems w/ organization, social relationships and jobs

Question 22

Although not identified under IDEIA, where can ADHD be placed?

Answer 22

OHI, LD, or ED

Question 23

What are some ways to help children with ADHD?

Answer 23

effective instruction
behavior management strategies
family/child counseling
home management
medication

Question 24

Debate about meds?

Answer 24

• prescribed 96.4% of cases
• dosage needs to be monitored until ‘perfect’
• involves psychostimulant medication
• stimulates production of neurotransmitters

Question 25

What are some types of meds?

Answer 25

• ritalin/dexedrine: 3-5hours, wears off during day
• concerta: time released
• strattera: non-psychostimulant
• anti-depressants or antihypertensives

Question 26

What is the Rebound Effect?

Answer 26

the child’s symptoms can become more problematic than usual when meds wear off

Question 27

What are some diet related treatments?

Answer 27

• remove food additives
• control blood sugar levels
• treatment for allergies