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BMS 127 Medical Microbiology > Medical Microbiology Vocabulary > Flashcards

Medical Microbiology Vocabulary Flashcards

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0
Q

Aerobic

A

requiring oxygen for growth

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1
Q

Acne vulgaris

A

inflammation of sebaceous glands on the back, chest and face

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2
Q

Alopecia

A

temporary hair loss

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3
Q

Anabolism

A

synthesis, metabolic process consisting of synthesis of protoplasm; requires oxygen

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4
Q

Anorexic

A

growing in the absence of atmospheric oxygen

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5
Q

Antibiotic

A

chemotherapeutic agent which occurs as the byproduct of the metabolic activity of bacteria or fungi (used to defend against bacteria)

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6
Q

Antibodies

A

specific molecules formed in the animal body in response to the presence of an antigen; once formed they react with that particular antigen

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7
Q

Antigen

A

foreign substances that induce a specific immune response

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8
Q

Antiseptic

A

a chemical agent that prevents growth, by either inhibiting the growth of, destroying the microorganism; used for topical application to living tissue, primarily skin

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9
Q

Asepsis

A

a condition in which there are no infectious or contaminating microorganisms; the absence of sepsis

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10
Q

Atelectasis

A

collapsed lung (usually partially)

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11
Q

Attenuation

A

change; used in reference to certain vaccines where the organism or its products are of reduced virulence

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12
Q

Autoclave

A

steam pressure sterilizer

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13
Q

Autotroph

A

organisms that obtain energy by the oxidation of inorganic compounds (chemoautotrophs) or by respiration of products synthesized with the help of the energy from the sun (photoautotrophs)

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14
Q

Avirulent

A

lacking disease producing ability

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15
Q

Bacteremia

A

the presence of bacteria in the blood

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16
Q

Bacteriology

A

the science that deals with bacteria

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17
Q

Balantitis

A

inflammation of the glans (foreskin and head of penis)

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18
Q

Blepharitis

A

inflammation of the edges of the eyelids involving hair follicles

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19
Q

Buboes

A

enlarged regional lymph nodes

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20
Q

Carbuncle

A

ulcerated lesion with a hardened border and pus draining (more severe)

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21
Q

Catabolism

A

the set of metabolic pathways that break down molecules into smaller units and release energy

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22
Q

Catalyst

A

a substance that alters the speed of a chemical reaction without itself being changed in the process (enzymes are a biological catalyst)

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23
Q

Catarrhal

A

inflammation of the mucus membrane

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24
Cellulitis
inflammation of the cellular and connective tissues
25
Cervicitis
inflammation of the cervix
26
Coryza
upper respiratory tract infection (head cold)
27
Cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
28
Desiccation
drying or removal of water
29
Dimorphic
occurring in two forms; characteristic of certain fungi, growing in the years form under one set of conditions and the filamentous form under other conditions
30
Disease
any changes from a state of health; interruption in the normal functioning of an organism
31
Disinfectant
a chemical agent that destroys disease organisms; used on inanimate objects
32
Dyspnea
difficulty in breathing
33
Edema
swelling
34
Encephalitis
inflammation of the brain
35
Endemic
a disease that occurs at a relatively stable frequency within a given area or population
36
Endocarditis
inflammation of the lining of the heart
37
Empyema
pus in the pleural cavity
38
Enteric
relating to the intestinal tract
39
Epidemic
a disease that occurs at a greater than normal frequency for a given area or population
40
Etiology
the cause of disease
41
Exudate
fluid, often formed from elements of the blood, discharged from tissues to a cavity
42
Flora
organisms typically found in a given environment
43
Fomites
inanimate objects contaminated with pathogenic organisms
44
Healthy carrier
a person who harbors and spreads pathogenic microorganisms without evidence of disease
45
Host
an organism which supports a parasite
46
Infection
invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms
47
Ischemic
local deficiency of blood due to stoppage of circulation
48
Lethal
the capacity to cause death
49
Macula
a discolored spot on the skin that is not elevated above the surface
50
Meningitis
inflammation of the membranes (meninges) of the spinal cord or brain
51
Moribund
in a dying condition
52
Morphology
the science or study of form and structure
53
Mycology
the study of fungi
54
Nephritis
inflammation of the kidney
55
Normal flora
microorganisms that have become established in a given area
56
Osteomyelitis
inflammation of the bone and bone marrow
57
Pandemic
the occurrence of an epidemic on more than one continent simultaneously
58
Parasite
an organism which lives on or within a living host from which it derives its nourishment
59
Pathogenesis
the mechanism by which the disease is caused
60
Pneumonia
inflammation of the alveoli of the lungs with exudate filling the alveolar spaces
61
Prostration
total exhaustion
62
Pustule
small elevated skin lesion containing pus
63
Pyelitis
inflammation of the pelvis of the kidney (the funnel-like structure leading to the ureter)
64
Serology
systematic study of the blood sera
65
Somatic
associated with the cell body of an organism
66
Sporatic
a disease that occurs in only a few scattered cases within a given area of a population during a given period of time
67
Sterilization
killing of all forms of life in a given area
68
Suppuration
pus formation
69
Vaginitis
inflammation of the vagina
70
Virulence
the degree of pathogenicity, as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade tissues of the host

BMS 127 Medical Microbiology (1 decks)

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