Medical Nutrition Therapy - F. Skeletal & Connective Tissue Disorders (p. 20-21)

Question 1

Inflammation of peripheral joints

Answer 1

Arthritis

Question 2

Diet therapy arthritis:

Answer 2

*Regular, well-balanced diet (may need to lose weight to reduce stress) Anti-inflammatory diet may help - fruits, veg

Question 3

Those with arthritis may develop ________. This is NOT DIET-RELATED - inflammation in arthritis prevents reuse of iron. Therefore, it is not treated with iron.

Answer 3

Anemia

Question 4

An autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. It can affect the skin, joints, kidneys, brain, and other organs.

Answer 4

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 5

_______ and the medications used effect nutrient metabolism, excretion, and needs, but no specific dietary guidelines exist.

Tailor diet to needs. May have deficiencies of iron, folate, B12, Ca and fiber.

Answer 5

Lupus

Question 6

Patient’s with lupus may have _________, which is associated with inflammation of the disease and not with the diet. May also show symptoms of _________ _______, another autoimmune disorder.

Answer 6

Anemia

Celiac disease

Question 7

Bone mass is maintained by a balance between the activity of cells that form bone, _________, and cells that resorb and remove bone (break it down), _________.

Answer 7

Form bone: OSTEOBLASTS

Resorb bone: OSTEOCLASTS

Question 8

Loss of previously formed bone tissue, causing bones to become porous, weak, and brittle. Loss of bone mineral density. The skeleton is unable to sustain ordinary stress.

Answer 8

Osteoporosis

Question 9

Osteoporosis can be caused by:

Decline in _______.

Lack of ________.

Malnutrition (especially protein).

Answer 9

Decline in estrogen

Lack of exercise (weight-bearing)

Malnutrition (especially protein)

Question 10

In osteoporosis, defective _________ absorption results in decreased bone density.

Answer 10

Calcium

Question 11

Treatment of Osteoporosis:

__________ replacement therapy

_________-______ exercise

_____ and ____ supplementation

Adequate protein

Answer 11

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

Weight-bearing exercise

Vitamin D and Calcium supplementation

Adequate protein

Question 12

MOST at risk for OSTEOPOROSIS:

-

-

-

-

Answer 12

ELDERLY

FRAIL

WHITE

FEMALES

Question 13

Softening of the bones due to a vitamin D deficiency. The bones are soft and maliable. Adult rickets.

Answer 13

OSTEOMALACIA

Question 14

Osteomalacia is treated with _______ and ______ supplementation.

Answer 14

Vitamin D and Calcium

Question 15

___________ results from a defect in the bone-building process, while ___________ develops due to a weakening of previously constructed bone.

Answer 15

OSTEMALACIA

OSTEOPOROSIS