"Medical Physiology Lung Structure and Function Jeffrey Freedman" MARY Flashcards Preview

Unit 6 > "Medical Physiology Lung Structure and Function Jeffrey Freedman" MARY > Flashcards

Flashcards in "Medical Physiology Lung Structure and Function Jeffrey Freedman" MARY Deck (20)
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1
Q

Give the equation for ventilation.

A
v = f x TV
v is ventilation, aka minute volume
f is frequency of breathing, ie 15 bpm
TV is tidal volume (L/breath) - the amount of volume that goes into a lung in 1 breath
similar to the CO = SV x HR equation
2
Q

Water vapor pressure is a function of:

A

temperature

3
Q

What is the conductive zone of the lung?

A

First 16 branches - trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and terminal bronchioles

4
Q

What is the respiratory zone of the lung?

A

Last 7 branches - respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs

5
Q

In the conducting zone, the ciliated surface moves mucous secreted by _______.

A

Goblet cells

6
Q

What cells line alveoli?

A

Type I alveolar epithelial cells

7
Q

What cells make surfactant?

A

Type II alveolar cells

8
Q

What are the functions of surfactant?

A

Coat alveoli
Lowers surface tension making it easier to inhale
Increase the mechanical stability of the lung

9
Q

T/F: The epithelium of the respiratory zone does not contain cilia or goblet cells.

A

True

10
Q

How do macrophages that engulf foreign matter leave the lung?

A

Lymphatic system

11
Q

When is oxygen equilibrium achieved?

A

When the PP of O2 in the alveolar gas is the same as the pulmonary capillary blood. The same is true for CO2.

12
Q

Why does oxygen in blood NOT contribute to blood pressure?

A

According to Henry’s law of solubility, when dissolved in a liquid, the gas does not exert pressure.

13
Q

What is shunt flow?

A

1% of the cardiac output, the bronchial flow, is known as the shunt flow bc it bypasses the gas exchanging portion of the lung and drains into the pulmonary vein. As a result, the oxygenated blood in the pulmonary vein returning to the left heart is a mixture of blood that has equilibrated with alveolar gas and a small amount of blood with the composition of mixed venous blood.

14
Q

In diseased lungs, some alveoli may not contact the capillary blood at all, alveoli that are ventilated by not perfused constitute _______.

A

Alveolar dead space

15
Q

In diseased lungs, some alveoli are ventilated but not perfused. Other alveoli are perfused but not ventilated; the gas in these alveoli represents _______.

A

trapped volume

16
Q

What is the respiratory quotient?

A

Ratio of tissue metabolic production of CO2 and consumption of O2 in tissue. RQ = 0.85 for normal diet, 1 for carbs, 0.7 for pure fat

17
Q

The ___________ is measured by analysis of inspired and expired gas at the level of the lung.

A

respiratory exchange ratio (RE), ratio of CO2/O2

18
Q

End-capillary blood has PcO2 of _____ mm Hg, and PcCO2 of 40 mm HG, the same partial pressures as in alveolar gas.

A

104

19
Q

What is anatomic dead space?

A

The part of the lungs that can receive air but not exchange gas, so the air sits there until it is expired with the rest of the gas, but it’s not used (helps to make up mixed expired gas)

20
Q

Read pg. 576 in the notes

A

because it does not lend itself well to cards.

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