Medical Standards Flashcards

Question

# Epixtaxis (Non-Traumatic) Standard What potential LIFE/LIMB/FUNCTION threats are you going to consider? | What potential problems are you going to prepare for? ## Footnote What does your secondar survey assess? - attmept to??

Answer 1

Upper airway obstruction | airway compromise Hypotension ## Footnote for estimated blood loss (e.g. hemorrhage duration, rate of flow, presence of clots, quantity of blood-soaked materials at scene, quantity of blood vomited) AND head/neck - for foreign bodies in nares, and headache *attempt to control the bleeding*

Answer 2

Asphyxia Cariopulmonary arrest AND Dysrhythmias ## Footnote Impaired thought processes, e.g. disorientation, acute paranoia, panic, or hallucinations Unexpected physical strength Significantly decreased sensitivity to pain Sweating, fever, heat intolerance, or, dry/hot skin with no sweating despite extreme agitation Sudden tranquility after frenzied activity

Answer 3

acute spinal nerve root(s) compression possible occult fracture soft tissue and joint infections AND vascular occlusion (e.g. peripheral vessel, intra-abdominal vessel, intrathoracic vessel) | keep movement to a minimum AND protect from further injury ## Footnote distal pulses circulation, sensation, and movement skin colour, temperature, and condition AND swelling, deformity, and tenderness

Answer 4

Overdose Sepsis Meningitis Heat-related illness | >38.5°C ## Footnote remove excess layers of clothing to promote passive cooling AND do NOT actively cool the pt

Answer 5

lungs - for adventitious sounds through auscultation skin - for jaundice, rash, and signs of dehydration head/neck - for photophobia, scleral jaundice, stiff neck, and headache AND abdomen - as per the Abdominal Pain (Non-Traumatic) Standard AND Temperature | Seizures Febrile children Suspected serious disorders-meningitis adult

Answer 6

intracranial/intracerebral events (e.g. hemorrhage, thrombosis, tumour) central nervous system or other systemic infection severe hypertension AND toxic event/exposure (e.g. carbon monoxide poisoning) | Seizures ## Footnote Sudden onset of severe headache with no previous medical hx of headache Recent onset headache (days, weeks) with sudden worsening Change in pattern of usual headaches Any of the above accompanied by one or more of the following: - Altered mental status - Decrease in LOC - Neurologic deficits - Obvious nuchal rigidity and fever or other symptoms of infection - Pupillary abnormalities (inequality, sluggish/absent light reactivity) - Visual disturbances

Answer 7

head/neck - for pupillary size, equality, and reactivity CNS for - abnormal motor function (e.g. hand grip strength, arm/leg movement/drift) - sensory loss

Answer 8

Heat stroke Hypovolemic shock remove heavy/excess layers of clothing | move the pt to a cooler area AND remove heavy/excess layers of clothing ## Footnote central nervous system mouth, for state of hydration skin, for temperature, colour, condition, state of hydration extremities, for circulation, sensation, and movement temperature

Answer 9

Provide water or electrolyte containing fluids in SMALL quantities ## Footnote Skin temp feels nomal to touch Generalized shivering develops The pt's LOC normalizes

Answer 10

move the patient to the ambulance AND remove as much clothing as possible ## Footnote move the patient to the ambulance remove as much clothing as possible withhold oral fluids cover the patient with wet sheets AND apply cold packs to the axillae, groin, neck and head.

Answer 11

Heat syncope Heat cramps: severe cramping of large muscle groups Heat exhaustion: mild alterations in mental status, and non-specific complaints (headache, giddiness, nausea, vomiting, malaise), with excessive sweating in healthy adults; or hot, dry skin in the elderly Heat stroke: severely altered mental status, coma, seizures, hyperthermia ≥40°C

Answer 12

Esophageal varices AND Gastrointestinal Disease | Frank rectal bleeding ## Footnote Attempt to ascertain the origin: - lung tumours or other lung disease

Answer 13

chest, if hemorrhage is oral, as per the Chest Pain (Non-Traumatic) Standard AND abdomen, as per the Abdominal Pain (Non-Traumatic) Standard | The type - coffee-grounds emesis, melena, of hematochezia ## Footnote Duration of hemorrhage Rate of blood flow Presence of clots Quantity of blood-soaked/filled materials

Answer 14

acute coronary syndrome/acute myocardial infarction (e.g. STEMI) anaphylaxis increased intracranial pressure toxicological emergencies bowel obstructions infection acute pancreatitis intra-abdominal emergencies AND uremia | airway compromise ## Footnote the abdomen as per the 'Abdominal Pain (Non-Traumatic) Stanard

Answer 15

current 'Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada Guidelines' | 35-45mmHg COPD pts that had an initial ETCO2 of 50 should be 50-60mmHg ## Footnote Observe chest rise and fall + auscultate lung fields to assess vetilation adequacy Minimize the interruptions to ventilations Continue assisted vetilations until pt's spontaneous respirations are adequate

Answer 16

Intracranial event Hypoglycemia Infection (e.g. CNS, meningitis) Alcohol withdrawal including delirium tremens) Drug ingestion/withdrawal Known seizure disorder | Trauma-delivery Congenital disorders Prematurity Hypoglycemia Seizures ## Footnote Brain tumour or orther intracranial event (e.g. hemorrhage, thrombosis) Cardiac dysrhythmias Cardiovascular disease Cerebrovascular disease Severe hypertension Febrile convulsions realated to infection

Answer 17

Attempt to position the pt in recovery position Attempt to protect the pt from injury Observe for - eye deviation - incontinence - parts of the body affected - the type of seizure (full body, focal, etc.) ## Footnote airway compromise Recurrent seizures post-ictal combativeness or agitation

Answer 18

Bleeding from the mouth Incontinence Secondary injuries resulting from the seizure tongue injury

Answer 19

Partial airway obstruction asthma anaphylaxis aspiration inhalation of toxic gases or smoke COPD AND respiratory infections | Cerebrovascular accident Toxicological effects Metabolic acidosis ## Footnote acute coronary syndrome/acute myocardial infarction (e.g. STEMI) Congestive heart failure Pulmonary edema AND Pulmonary embolism

Answer 20

That all hyperventilation is due to an underlying disorder | elicit hx regarding changes in use ## Footnote then ventilate as per the 'Respiratory Failure Standard'

Answer 21

The chest as per the 'Chest Pain (Non-Traumatic) Standard' Head/neck for - cyanosis - nasal flaring - excessive drooling - tracheal deviation - JVD The extremities for - cyanosis - edema | In a sitting or semi-sitting position

Answer 22

Hypoglycemia Cardiac dysrhythmias CVS/Transient Ischemic Attack Hypovolemia Toxicological effects Heat-related illness Anemia Renal failure Sepsis | Supine or in recovery position ## Footnote Cardiac dysrhythmias Hypotension Seizures Decreased LOC

Answer 23

Agent(s) Quantity Time Route - absorption, inhalation, ingestion, or injection | identify the date of prescription and remainder of prescription amount ## Footnote Refer to the 'Altered Level of Consciouness Standard'

Answer 24

Cardiac arrest Airway obstruction Respiratory arrest Respiratory distress Altered/changing LOC Sudden violent behaviour Hyperthermia Seizures Emesis | A Material Safety Data Sheet Poison control resources - don'y delay ## Footnote Altered mental status Cardiac Dysrhythmias Emesis Headache Light-headedness Nausea Seizures Syncope Weakness VSA

Answer 25

Tumours AND Spontaneous abortion Ectopic pregnancy Gestational trophoblastic disease ## Footnote Spontaneous abortion Placental abruption Placena Previa Ruptured Uterus

Answer 26

The abdomen as per the 'Abdominal Pain (Non-Traumatic) Standard' *if the pt is pregnant* Note uterine height and palpate for contractions AND note fetal movements | Refer to the 'Sexual Assault (Reported) Standard' ## Footnote If bleeding is painless or associated with abdominal pain/cramping the number of prior episodes and cause (if known)

Answer 27

Blood loss Fetal parts Other tissues AND Presence of clots 10-35mL | 5mL ## Footnote Shock Place an abdominal pad under the perineum and replace pads as required Document # of pads used on the Ambulance Call Report

Answer 28

Intracranial, intracerebral or retinal hemorrhage/thrombosis Acute glaucoma ## Footnote The eyes for - Pupillary size, ERLA - Abnormal movements - Positioning - Redness - Swelling - Tearing AND - Presence of contact lenses The eye-lids for ptosis (upper eyelid droops over the eye) AND Vision for - distortion/diplopia (double vision) - loss - visual acuity

Answer 29

Considering patching the eyes ## Footnote Alterations in LOC Neurological Deficits Emesis

Medical Standards Flashcards

(54 cards)