Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Intro to Anatomical Pathology > Medical Terminology 10 > Flashcards

Medical Terminology 10 Flashcards

Respiratory System (101 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

purpose of the respiratory system

A

respossible for the exchange of O2 and CO2

regulation of pH of the blood, to maintain homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Major components of the respiratory system

A

Nasal Cavity
pharynx
trachea
bronchus
lungs
diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

upper anatomy of respiratory system

A

oral cavities
nasal cavities
nasopharynx
oropharynx
larynx
trachea
paired main primary bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

nasal cavities

A

uppermost part of the system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

nasopharynx

A

behind nasal cavities, above the soft palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

oropharynx

A

posterior to oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

larynx

A

hollow tubular organ containing cartilaginous framework responsible for producing sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

trachea

A

flexible air tubes extending from larynx to thorax- conduit for air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

paired main primary bronchi

A

enter the root of right and left lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

larynx structures

A

hyaline and elastic cartilage, joints, membranes and ligaments, muscle and hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

mucosa in the larynx forms folds creating…

A

upper, vestibular, immobile cords

lower, vocal, mobile cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the luminal surface of the vocal cords lined with?

A

stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

larynx besides vocal cords lined with?

A

ciliated psuedostratified columnar epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

mainstem bronchi

A

2 main branches of the trachea -right bronchus is wide and shorter than left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

secondary bronchi

A

further dividing of mainstem bronchi “lobar brochi”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

tertiary bronchi

A

“bronchopulmonary segments” further dividing of the lobar bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how many lobes in the lungs?

A

left- 2 (bc of heart placement)
right-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Bronchioles

A

smallest air passage inside the lung- gas exchange

begins as pseudostratified columnar epithelium and transforms to simple columnar as the duct narrows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

pulmonary acini

A

terminal bronchiole, respiratory bronchiole, and alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

respiratory bronchiolar unit

A

smallest functional unit= single bronchiole and alveoli it supplies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

alveoli

A

buts up against capillary networks to allow for gas exchange to blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

alveolar duct

A

elongated airways- ring of smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

alveolar sac

A

space surrounded by clusters of alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

interalveolar septum

A

site of air exchange, space between capillaries and alveoli

thin portion- air blood barrier
thick portion - fluid distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
alveolar macrophages
remove inhaled particle matter from the air spaces and red blood cells from the septum
26
carbon dioxide
gas produced by the body cells during metabolism
27
cartilage
tough elastic connective tissue that is more rigid than ligaments, less dense than bone
28
cilia
minute, hairlike structures that extend from the surface of a cell
29
diffuse
to move or spread out a substance at random, rather than by chemical reaction or application of external forces
30
oxygen
gas essential for human respiration
31
pH
symbol that indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance
32
respiration
breathing moves air in and out of lungs external respiration transport of respiratory gases internal respiration
33
external respiration
exchange of O2 and CO2 between the alveoli and the blood in pulmonary capillaries
34
transport of respiratory gases
the movement of O2 to the body cells and CO2 to the lungs by means of cardio system
35
internal respiration
exchange of O2 and CO2 between body cells and the blood in systemic capillaries
36
nas/ rhin-
nose
37
sept-
septum
38
adenoid-
adenoids
38
pharyng-
pharynx
39
laryng-
larynx
40
trache-
trachea
41
bronchi-
bronchus
42
alveol-
alveoli
43
pleur-
pleura
44
pneum/ pneumon-
lung
45
anthrac-
coal, coal dust
46
atel-
incomplete, imperfect
47
coni-
dust
48
cyan-
blue
49
orth-
straight
50
pector-
chest
51
phren-
diaphragm
52
spir-
breathe
53
-capnia
carbon dioxide
54
-osmia
smell
55
-phonia
voice
56
-pnea
breathing
57
-ptysis
spitting
58
-thorax
chest
59
brady-
slow
60
dys-
bad, painful, difficult
61
eu-
good, normal
62
tachy-
rapid
63
crackle
intermittent sounds caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia, or air entering moister filled alveoli
64
rhonchus
continuous sound heard during inspiration and experation caused by secretion in the large airways and commonly resembling snoring
65
stridor
high pitched harsh sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the airway
66
wheeze
whiteling or sighing results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway
67
central apnea
sleep apnea occurring when the brain fails to stimulate breathing muscles causing brief pauses in breathing
68
obstructive apnea
most common, sleep apnea from an upper airway blockage preventing adequate flow of air to the lungs
69
mixed apnea
sleep apnea due to a mix of obstructive and central apnea
70
acidosis
excessive acidity of body fluids, usually correlate w infections
71
anosmia
absence of smell
72
atelectasis
collapsed or airless state of the lung - acute or chronic
73
coryza
acute inflammation of the membranes of the nose "rhinitis"
74
croup
common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea and bronchial passage
75
cystic fibrosis
life threatening genetic disease causing mucous to become unusually thick and sticky, plugging tubes and ducts- especially in lungs and pancreas
76
deviated nasal septum
displacement of cartilage dividing the nostrils causing reduced airflow and sometimes nosebleeds
77
epistaxis
nasal hemorrhage "nosebleed"
78
hypoxemia
O2 deficency in atrial blood which is usually a sign of respiratory impairment and commonly causes hypoxia
79
hypoxia
O2 deficiency in the body or a region of the body commonly causing cyanosis
80
influenza
acute, contagious viral disorder of the respiratory tract, characterized by weakness, fever, chills and muscle pain in the back, arms and legs
81
pertussis
acute infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a characteristic "whoop" sound
82
empyema
exudative effusion characterized by collection of pus in the pleural cavity, commonly as a result of bacterial pneumonia spreading from the lungs
83
pneumothorax
presence of air in the pleural cavity commonly caused by a blunt penetrating chest injury or a thoracic surgery
84
pleurisy
inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing
85
pulmonary edema
accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissue and alveoli, commonly bc of heart failure
86
pulmonary embolism
blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter that has traveled to the lungs from another part o f the body
87
tuberculosis
potentially fatal contagious disease spread through respiratory droplets, affecting any organ in the body but primarily the lungs ad causing chest pain, hemoptysis, weight loss, fatigue and night sweats
88
polysomnography
monitor and measure sleep cycless, sleep study
89
spirometry
pulmonary function test
90
thoracentesis
drain fluid from the pleural cavity
91
bronchitherapy/ mediastinoscopy
scope through oral cavity
92
pleurectomy
resection of pleura
93
pneumonectomy
total lung resection
94
septoplasty
septum repair surgery
95
aerosol therapy
uses nebulizer to normalize breathing
96
endotracheal intubation
breathing tube to assist respiration
97
bronchoalveolar lavage
put fluid in and recollect for cyto to test cells
98
PCP
pneumocystis pneumonia or primary care physician
99
PPD
purified protein derivative
100
SIDS
Sudden infant death syndrome

Intro to Anatomical Pathology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions