medical terminology Flashcards
(302 cards)
1
Q
affix
A
a categorical term for a word part that is added to a root word to change or modify its meaning-both prefixes and suffixes are affixes
2
Q
combining form
A
a root word with an added vowel at the end in order to make it easier to pronounce when combined with a suffix that begins with a consonant
3
Q
Prefix
A
a word part added to the beginning of a word and often used to indicate location, time, or present status.
4
Q
Root Words
A
word parts that carry the essential meaning of a word, and cannot be broken down into smaller parts.
5
Q
Suffix
A
a word part that is added to the ending of a root word to form a new term.
6
Q
Eponyms
A
A word that is derived from someone’s proper name, typically the discover or inventor of the concept the word refers too.
7
Q
Jargon
A
the specialized technical language used in a profession.
8
Q
Abbreviations
A
Single words that have been shortened. (e.g. doc for doctor)
9
Q
Acronyms
A
a type of word that is composed of the first letters of other words.
10
Q
Modular
A
A system in which individual parts can stand alone or be combined into a larger whole.
11
Q
Angi(o)
A
Blood vessel. Angi(o) is its combining form.
12
Q
Arteri(o)
A
Arteri means artery. Arteri(o) is its combining form.
13
Q
Arthr(o)
A
Arthr means joint. Arthr(o) is its combining form.
14
Q
Audi(o)
A
Audi means sound or to hear. Audi(o) is its combining form.
15
Q
Bio
A
Bio means life.
16
Q
Bronch(i)(o)
A
Bronchi means the air passages of the lungs. Bronch(i)(o) is its combining form.
17
Q
Carcin(o)
A
Carcin means an abnormal growth or tumor. It can also mean an open sore on or in the body, called an ulcer. Carcin(o) is its combining form.
18
Q
Cardi(o)
A
Cardi means heart. Cardi(o) is its combining form.
19
Q
Crine
A
Crine means secrete or realise.
20
Q
Cyt(o)
A
Cyt means cell. Cyt(o) is its combining form.
21
Q
Derm(a)(t)(o)
A
Derm means skin. Derm(a)(t)(o) is its combining form.
22
Q
Electr
A
Electr means electricity.
23
Q
Encephal(o)
A
Encephal means brain. Encephal(o) is its combining form.
24
Q
Gastr(o)
A
Gastr means stomach. Gastr(o) is its combining form.
25
Glyc(o)
Glyc means sugar, also known as glucose. Glyc(o) is its combining form.
26
Hemat(o)
Hemat means blood. Hemat(o) is its combining form.
27
Hepat(o)
Hepat means the liver. Hepat(o) is its combining form.
28
Hist(o)
Hist means tissue. Tissues are collections of cells. Hist(o) is its combining form.
29
Lymph(o)
Lymph means a colorless fluid containing white blood cells that drains into the bloodstream. Lymph(o) is its combining form.
30
My(o)
My means muscle. My(o) is its combining form.
31
Neur(o)
Neur means nervous system, which is the entire nerve apparatus of the body. Neur(o) is its combining form.
32
Onc(o)
Onc means tumor. Onc(o) is its combining form.
33
Ophthalm(o)
Ophthalm means eye. Ophthalm(o) is its combining form.
34
Oste(o)
Oste means bone. Oste(o) is its combining form.
35
Path(o)
Path means disease. Path(o) is its combining form.
36
Pharmic(o)
Pharmac means drug or medication. Pharmac(o) is its combining form.
37
Phleb(o)
Phleb means veins. Phleb(o) is its combining form.
38
Physi(o)
Physi means nature, origin, or function. Physi(o) is its combining term.
39
Pulmon(o)
Pulmon means lungs. Pulmon(o) is its combining form.
40
Thoraci(c)
Thoraci means chest. Thoraci(c) is its combining form.
41
Endo
Endo means inside or within.
42
Epi-/exo-
Epi- and exo- both mean outside or outside of.
43
Eu
Eu- means good or normal.
44
Hyper
Hyper- means above or above normal.
45
Hypo
Hypo- means under or below normal.
46
Inter
Inter- means between or among.
47
Lyso
Lyso- means dissolve or dissolution.
48
Macro
Macro- means large.
49
Mal
Mal- means bad or ill.
50
Micro
Micro- means small.
51
Mono
Mono- means single or one.
52
Neo
Neo- means new.
53
a- or an-
A- or an- means no, or without.
54
Ab
Ab- means away from.
55
Ad
Ad- means forward.
56
Aut(o)
Aut- means self. Aut(o) is a combining form.
57
Brady
Brady- means slow.
58
Chem(o)
Chem- means chemistry or drug, Chem(o) is a combining form.
59
Dia
Dia- means complete or through.
60
Dis
Dis- means to separate or take apart. Dis- can also be used to mean, lack as in distrust or disorientation, or reversal, as in disconnect.
61
Dys
Dys- means abnormal or painful.
62
Para
Para- means beside, beyond, around, or abnormal.
63
Poly
Poly- means many, or more than usual.
64
Post
Post- means after or behind.
65
Pre
Pre- means before.
66
Pro
Pro- means before.
67
Re
Re- means again or backward.
68
Schiz(o)
Schiz means split. Schiz(o) is the combining form.
69
Sub
Sub- means below or under.
70
Supra
Supra- means above or excessive
71
Tachy
Tachy- means fast.
72
Trans
Trans- means moving through or across.
73
-ac, -al
-ac and -al mean of or pertaining to.
74
-algia
-algia means pain.
75
-cidal, -cide
-cital and -cide mean killing.
76
-crine
-crine means to secrete, or to produce and release a substance.
77
-cyte
-cyte means cell, which is the smallest building block of the body.
78
-ectomy
-ectomy means removal of.
79
-emia
-emia means blood condition.
80
-globin
-globin means containing protein.
81
-gnosis
-gnosis means knowlege.
82
-gram
-gram means record or picture
83
-graph
-graph means an instrument used to record data or a picture.
84
-ia and -iasis
-ia and -iasis means condition.
85
-iatry
-iatry means a field in medicine.
86
-ic
-ic means pertaining to or characterized by.
87
-ism
-ism means condition or process.
88
-itis
-itis means inflammation or infection.
89
-lepsis/-lepsy
-lepsis and -lepsy means an attack or seizure.
90
-logist
-logist means specialist in the field.
91
-logy
-logy means study or practice of a certain field.
92
-lysis
-lysis means destruction or separation.
93
-meter
-meter means an instrument used to measure.
94
-oma
-oma means tumor, collection, or mass.
95
-opsy
-opsy means to view.
96
-osis
-osis means condition or disease.
97
-Pathy
-pathy means disease or disorder.
98
-phobia
-phobia means a fear of.
99
-plasty
-plasty means surgical repair.
100
-rrhea
-rrhea means discharge or flow.
101
-rrhage
-rrhage means bursting.
102
-scope
-scope means an instrument used for viewing or measuring.
103
-scopy
-scopy means the use of an instrument for viewing.
104
-sis
-sis means a state of, or condition.
105
-(s)tomy
-(s)tomy means the creation of an opening.
106
-trophy
-trophy means nourishment or development.
107
-y
-y means condition or process of.
108
alphabetic index
a content list for a reference work organized by the first letter of each entry.
109
ICD-10-CM
tenth revision of the ICD code set
110
insurance reimbursement
the process of receiving payment from an insurance company for a covered benefit.
111
nomenclature
an organized system of words for use in a particular field.
112
tabular list
a category grouping of items.
113
International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision-Procedure Classification System (ICD-10-PCS)
a separate procedure code system in the ICD-10 clinical vocabulary system.
114
procedure code
a code assigned to a particular medical service or procedure.
115
International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O)
an extension of the ICD for use in classifying neoplasms.
116
oncology
the medical specialty that focuses on cancer.
117
neoplasm
an abnormal growth of cells that may or may not form a tumor (solid mass), and may or may not be malignant (cancerous).
118
Health Care Procedure Coding System (HCPCS)
a diagnosis and procedure code nomenclature used for outpatient billing in the US.
119
HCPCS Level I
A clinical coding system used to describe medical and surgical procedures performed by healthcare providers that is identical to the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) system of the American Medical Association.
120
HCPCS Level II
a collection of codes for services that are not found in the CPT system, including, for example, non-physician services.
121
Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terminology (SNOMED CT)
a multinational, multilingual, comprehensive medical nomenclature covering all aspects of medicine.
122
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th Edition (DMS-5)
the current version of the DSM, a Publication of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) used as the primary resource in the US to classify and diagnose mental disorders.
123
mental disorder
a condition in which a person's thoughts, feelings, and/or behaviors cause distress or impair the ability to function.
124
substance abuse
a pattern of use of medications or substances that are not part of an approved medical plan or treatment.
125
nursing vocabulary
a nomenclature system used to communicate nursing strategies, protocols, and procedures.
126
medical transcriptionist
a specialist who created a text-based medical record from a voice recording.
127
medical coder
a specialist in medical coding.
128
medical biller
a professional who prepares and submits insurance claims for a provider based on a medical coder's work.
129
medical claims examiner
a health insurance professional who examines submitted medical claims to ensure that they are valid and qualify for payment.
130
explanation of benefits
a form created by the insurance company to explain what charges were covered, denied, or need more documentation based on the claims submitted by the physician's office.
131
medical record
the lifetime record of a patient's health problems, and medical care at a particular institution.
132
medical history
a patient's health history, including information such as allergies, medications being taken, past medical history (PMH, e.g., prior illnesses and surgeries), social history (SH, e.g., occupation and habits such as smoking, exercise, and alcohol use), and family history (FH).
133
medical encounter
a single patient-provider visit, during which the patient's chief complaint (CC) and the history of the present illness (HPI) are discussed, a physical examination (PE) is performed, and a diagnosis (DX) and treatment (TX) plan are made.
134
personal health record
a medical record that is maintained by the patient for personal benefit.
135
American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA)
not-for-profit professional organization serving the educational, credentialing, networking, and advocacy needs of health information management (Him professionals).
136
data quality management model
an AHIMA concept that standardizes data storage, maintenance, and organization according to ten quality characteristics.
137
data quality characteristics
the ten AHIMA data quality characteristics that require data to be accurate, accessible, comprehensive, consistent, current, defined, granular, precise, relevant, and timely.
138
history
refers to a patient's past medical history as well as the history of the present illness.
139
exam
includes both a physician's physical examination of a patient, as well as any results.
140
medical decision making
component of the health record that substantiates the care provided, supports reimbursement for each procedure, and serves as a legal document that validates the treatment provided for each diagnosis.
141
Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
health records that allow real-time communication, reporting, and record keeping through electronic transmission.
142
hybrid health records
medical records that incorporate elements of paper-based records and electronic records.
143
source-oriented medical record
a record that is organized by data source or subject.
144
problem-oriented medical record
a record that organizes data by problem, and uses four categories: a database of all objective information, a numbered problem list, initial treatment plans, and progressive notes.
145
Clinical Data Repository (CDR)
a special database that manages healthcare data from different sources such as labs, pharmacies, and radiology networks.
146
Electronic Medication Administration Record (EMAR)
an EHR system for medication management that uses the CDR database.
147
patient care charting system
s type of EHR that records progress notes and assessments.
148
Hospital Information System (HIS)
a computerized management solution that handles all aspects of a hospital's operations, including financial and medical operations.
149
Certification Commission for Health Information Technology (CCHIT)
a nonprofit organization with the mission of accelerating the adoption of information technology (IT) in healthcare, it measures and certifies the effectiveness of EHR products based on predefined criteria.
150
pay for performance (P4P)
performance-oriented incentives for hospitals and physicians to improve the quality of patient healthcare.
151
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)
a US government that oversees services for the federally sponsored Medicare and Medicaid insurance programs.
152
Dental Office Reference Manual (DORM)
a reference manual that provides information about administrative policies relating to a dental practice.
153
Dental Periodicity
a schedule that recommends certain oral health services for children according to age.
154
dental extraction
the removal of primary teeth.
155
electronic prescribing
the digital authoring, transmission, and filling of physician medication prescriptions, it is intended to reduce errors, time, and costs.
156
electronic data interchange (EDI)
the digital exchange of structured data between computer systems; reduces errors and can be used, for example, for sending prescriptions to a pharmacy.
157
intranet
a closed network of computers with a facility or organization.
158
interoperability
the ability to share data between multiple systems without altering the meaning of the data.
159
health information exchange (HIE)
the digital exchange of healthcare data between different organizations in order to improve patient care, and reduce costs and errors.
160
notice of privacy practices (NPP)
a legally required notice that healthcare providers and plans must distribute to their patients that outlines how their protected health information is used and disclosed, and the rights the patient has.
161
Regional Health Information Organization (RHIO)
a regional health exchange that centralizes data from multiple facilities, including hospitals and clinics.
162
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
legislation that provides guidelines on maintaining patient privacy and confidentiality through standardized methods of handling healthcare data.
163
patient confidentiality
protection from private healthcare information being released without prior permission.
164
privacy rule
a part of HIPAA that outlines standards for maintaining patient confidentiality and safeguarding financial and administrative data during electronic transfer.
165
protected health information (PHI)
any information about a person's health, healthcare, or payment for health services that can be linked to a specific patient compliance.
166
health information management (HIM)
the management of patient healthcare data of all types.
167
information technology
the processes needed to assimilate, organize, maintain, and store patient healthcare data.
168
health informatics
a branch of health information management that uses computer systems to gather, organize, maintain, and store patient healthcare data.
169
traditional health record
a medical chart stored and maintained in paper format.
170
electronic medical record (EMR)
digitally stored and accessed patient records that allow real-time communication, reporting, and recordkeeping through electronic transmission; also called electronic health records (EHRs) or computer-health records (EHRs) or computer-based patient records (CPRs).
171
hybrid health record
a medical record that incorporates elements of paper-based records and electronic records.
172
alphabetical filing system
a method of organizing health records according to each patient's surname.
173
numerical filing system
a method of organizing health records according to a unique patient identification number.
174
out guide
a card placed in a collection of paper files to indicate that a file has been removed.
175
requisition
a written request for a health record.
176
quality management
the process of planning, controlling, and improving the quality of a product or system.
177
deficiency slip
a report generated to notify staff that a medical record is missing the required information.
178
index
a database that contains pertinent healthcare information that can be used for research, healthcare quality control, or statistical purposes.
179
master patient index
the primary index used for HIM recordkeeping, which includes a unique record for each patient within a healthcare organization.
180
physical index
a database that records the physician associated with each patient diagnosis made, and procedure preformed at a healthcare organization.
181
registry
a database of information concerning births, deaths, admissions, and discharges.
182
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
the United States government organization that seeks to promote healthy behaviors and the prevention of disease, injury, and disability.
183
World Health Organization (WHO)
a global organization, created by the United Nations, that provides global leadership on health, health research, and health policy.
184
cancer and trauma registries
compilations of healthcare data on different types of cancers and traumatic events.
185
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)
a United States government organization that administers the Medicare and Medicaid health insurance programs.
186
birth certificate completion
this process of fully completing an infant's birth certificate.
187
statistical and research services
data analysis services provided for health information professionals who are conducting medical studies or tracking diseases.
188
medical transcription
the process of creating a text-based medical record from a voice recording.
189
medical coding
the process of assigning standardized codes to patient data obtained by examining medical records.
190
medical billing
the process of generating claim forms that list diagnosis and procedure codes, charges, and patient demographic information for reimbursement purposes.
191
health data security
the process of ensuring that medical records are unaltered, readily accessible, and used legitimately.
192
hazard
something that presents a danger or risk of injury.
193
hazardous material
a substance that has the potential to cause harm.
194
biohazard
a biological substance, such as blood or another bodily fluid, that has the potential to transmit disease.
195
carcinogen
a substance known to cause cancer.
196
other potentially infectious materials (OPIMs)
a category of possible biohazards other than blood including tissues and bodily fluids, such as semen, vaginal secretions, and spinal fluid, that have been defined by the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OHSA).
197
accident
any unplanned occurrence that has potentially negative consequences.
198
infectious disease
any illness caused by an infectious particle that can be transmitted from person to person.
199
Healthcare-associated infection
an infection that a patient acquires while being treated at a healthcare facility for a different ailment.
200
side effect
an unintended, often problematic outcome of a treatment.
201
adverse effect
an unintended harmful effect of medical treatment.
202
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
a division of the federal Department of Health and Human Services that collect data on patient and healthcare worker safety, and promotes safety practices to protect patients and workers.
203
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
a division of the US Department of Labor whose mission is to ensure safe and healthful working conditions.
204
material safety data sheet (MSDS)
a document that provides information on the hazards, handling procedures, and safe disposal of a chemical.
205
personal protective equipment (PPE)
a category of clothing that protects the wearer from coming into contact with infectious material.
206
safety procedure
a series of steps put in place to prevent accidents.
207
standard precautions
a set of practices used to help prevent the transmission of infections; including assuming that everyone is potentially infectious, wearing personal protective equipment, and disposing of sharps properly.
208
laboratory medicine
the analysis of samples such as bodily fluids, tissues, or chemicals, for diagnostic or research purposes.
209
drug
a substance used to treat a symptom (complaint) or to treat or prevent a disease.
210
sharps
medical equipment, such as needles or scalpels, that can puncture or cut healthcare workers; used sharps may transmit biohazards.
211
sharps container
a rigid, well-labeled plastic container designed to safely hold sharp objects for disposal.
212
CT scan
a computed tomography scan; a scan that uses X-rays to create 2-D and 3-D images of parts of the body.
213
radiation
a form of energy characterized by the passage of particles or waves through a medium; e.g., light, heat, radio waves, and X-rays.
214
pathology
the study of disease and the way it affects the functions of the body.
215
disease
a condition that affects the normal functioning of the body; in some cases known as a disorder.
216
symptom
the effects of a disease that a person feels, such as aches and pains.
217
communicable disease
a disease that is contagious.
218
non-communicable disease
a disease that is not contagious.
219
pathologist
a doctor who studies diseases and causes of death.
220
geneticist
someone who studies how traits and genes are passed down.
221
oncologist
a doctor who specializes in treating cancer.
222
psychiatrist
a doctor who specializes in treating emotional and behavioral issues.
223
immunologist
a doctor who studies how well the body can fight against diseases and infections.
224
-dynia
pain
225
ectasia, -ectasis
dilation, or the stretching of a body structure.
226
-edema
swelling
227
-itis
inflammation.
228
-emesis
to vomit, or vomiting.
229
esthesi(o)
feeling or sensation.
230
-malacia
soft, softening.
231
-megaly
enlargement.
232
-oid
resembling.
233
-penia
deficiency.
234
-rrhage, -rrhagia
excessive bleeding or hemorrage.
235
-rrhexis
rupture.
236
-spasm
involuntary contraction, twitching, or cramp.
237
-therapy
treatment.
238
pharmac(o) ,
pharmaceut(i)
drugs or medicine.
239
therapeut(o)
treatment.
240
algesi(o)
sensitivity to pain.
241
chem(o)
chemical.
242
cry(o)
cold.
243
narc(o)
stupor.
244
therm(o)
heat.
245
surgery
the treatment or investigation of disease through cutting or manipulation of the body.
246
surgeon
a physician who specializes in surgery.
247
-scope
a surgical instrument used for viewing and in diagnostic procedures.
248
-ectomy
a surgical procedure involving an excision, or cutting out.
249
-tome
instrument used for cutting.
250
-stomy
forming an opening or joining two previously unconnected organs.
251
-tomy
incision, or cutting into tissue.
252
-tripsy
intentional surgical crushing of a part of the body.
253
-centesis
a surgical puncture to aspirate or remove fluid.
254
aspirate
to remove a fluid by vacuum suction.
255
-ectomy
a surgical procedure involving an excision, or cutting out.
256
excision
a surgical procedure of removal or cutting out.
257
-lysis
the process of loosening, freeing, or destroying.
258
-pexy
the surgical fixation (fastening in a fixed position).
259
-plasty
surgical repair.
260
-rrhaphy
suture (uniting a wound with stitches).
261
-stasis
stopping, controlling.
262
disease
any condition not caused by an injury that causes the body to work incorrectly.
263
diagnosis
the identification of a disease or disorder by the evaluation of its history, symptoms, physical signs, and test results.
264
misdiagnosis
a diagnosis that is later discovered, based on new evidence, to have been incorrect.
265
prognosis
the predicted outcome of a disease.
266
chronic
a term used to describe the time or disorder, which indicates a slow onset, usually slow course (long duration), and low severity.
267
acute
a term used to describe the time scale and/or severity of a disease or disorder, which indicates a rapid onset, usually fast course (short duration), and often intense severity.
268
sign
an observable effect of disease that medical professionals can visualize or detect, such as swelling or color changes.
269
symptom
an effect of disease or disorder as experienced by the patient (e.g., aches and pains, weakness, etc.).
270
blood pressure
the force exerted by blood against the wall of the blood vessels as it circulates throughout the body.
271
diastolic pressure
the blood pressure measured during diastole, which is that phase of heart activity when it is resting and filling with blood or the next systole.
272
systolic pressure
the blood pressure measured during systole, which is that phase of heart activity when it is contracting and actively pumping out.
273
pulse
the rhythmic expansion of an artery that occurs as the heart beats.
274
respiration rate
number of breaths per minute.
275
endoscope
illuminated instrument for the visualization for the interior of a body cavity or organ.
276
fluoroscope
an instrument that provides real-time imaging of the motion of internal structures through the use of X-rays and a fluorescent screen.
276
fluoroscope
an instrument that provides real-time imaging of the motion of internal structures through the use of X-rays and a fluorescent screen.
277
microscope
an instrument that uses shaped lenses to magnify and study microscopic samples.
278
stethoscope
an instrument used to listen to internal body sounds such as the heartbeat of intestinal activity.
279
radiograph
a diagnostic image, or X-ray, created by applying radioactive X-rays to a portion of the body.
280
tympanic thermometer
thermometer with specially designed tip that is placed into the external opening of the ear canal to obtain a body temperature reading.
281
calibration
the process of adjusting an instrument to ensure its accuracy.
282
microscopy
inspection with a microscope.
283
biopsy
a diagnostic procedure in with tissue cells are surgically removed from a patient and examined for the presence of disease.
284
urinalysis
the microscopic and chemical analysis of urine to detect abnormalities characteristic of certain diseases.
285
endoscopy
visual inspection of the body by means of an endoscope.
286
colonoscopy
a diagnostic procedure in which a camera is inserted into the large intestine to examine the patient for signs of disease.
287
lumbar puncture
a diagnostic procedure in which fluid is collected from the spinal canal to diagnose diseases affecting the central nervous system.
288
barium swallow
a fluoroscopic diagnostic procedure to evaluate the function of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
289
radiograph
a diagnostic image, or X-ray, created by applying radioactive X-rays to a portion of the body.
290
ultrasound
a diagnostic technique that uses sound waves to create images of internal body structures.
291
ech(o)
sound.
292
electr(o)
electricity.
293
fluor/o
emitting reflecting light.
294
-meter
instrument used to measure.
295
-radi(o)
radiant energy.
296
-scope
instrument used for viewing
297
-scopy
a visual examination.
298
-gram
a record or recording
299
-graph
instrument used to record.
300
-graphy
the process of recording.
301
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