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PCM test 1 > Medical Terminology > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing, shortness of breath

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2
Q

hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood

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3
Q

pleurisy

A

chest pain with breathing

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4
Q

orthopnea

A

difficulty breathing laying down

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5
Q

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

A

shortness of breath at night

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6
Q

hematochezia

A

blood in stool

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7
Q

melena

A

black stools

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8
Q

hematemesis

A

vomitting blood

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9
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

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10
Q

odynophagia

A

painful swallowing

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11
Q

menarche

A

age of start of menstrual

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12
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

pain with menses

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13
Q

G(#)P(FPAL)

A 
G= gravidity = number of times woman has been pregnant
P= parity = number of times she has given birth to a fetus (FPAL = #full term, #preterm, #aborted, #livebirths)
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14
Q

-itis

A

= inflamation

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15
Q

-osis

A

= abnormal condition

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16
Q

-ectomy

A

= to cut out

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17
Q
  • otomy
A

= to cut into

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18
Q
  • ostomy
A

= to make a mouth (colostomy, make a permanent opening in colon)

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19
Q

a/an

A
  • anemia (few RBCs)
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20
Q

-graphy/graph

A

= recording an image

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21
Q

-gram

A

= the image (mammogram)

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22
Q

stomato

A

= mouth

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23
Q

dento

A

= teeth

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24
Q

glosso/linguo

A

tongue

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25
Q

gingivo

A

= gums

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26
Q

encephalo

A

= brain

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27
Q

gastro

A

= stomach

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28
Q

entero

A

= intestine

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29
Q

colo

A

large intestine

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30
Q

procto

A

anus/rectum

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31
Q

hepato

A

liver

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32
Q

nephro/rene

A

kidney

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33
Q

orchido

A

testis

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34
Q

oophoro

A

ovary

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35
Q

hystero/metro

A

uterus

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36
Q

salpingo

A

= uterine tubes

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37
Q

dermo

A

skin

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38
Q

masto/mammo

A

breast

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39
Q

osteo

A

bones

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40
Q

cardio

A

heart

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41
Q

cysto

A

bladder

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42
Q

rhino

A

nose

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43
Q

phlebo/veno

A

veins

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44
Q

pneumo/pulmo

A

lung

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45
Q

hemo/emia

A

blood

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46
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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46
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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47
Q

melan/o

A

black

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47
Q

melan/o

A

black

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48
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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48
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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49
Q

xanth/o

A

yellow

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49
Q

xanth/o

A

yellow

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50
Q

-oma

A

tumor

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50
Q

-oma

A

tumor

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51
Q

adenoma

A

= glandular tumor

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51
Q

adenoma

A

= glandular tumor

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52
Q

lipoma

A

= fat tumor

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52
Q

lipoma

A

= fat tumor

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53
Q

myoma

A

muscle tumor

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53
Q

myoma

A

muscle tumor

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54
Q

lymphoma

A

lymph tissue tumor

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54
Q

lymphoma

A

lymph tissue tumor

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55
Q

carcinoma

A

= malignang tumor

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55
Q

carcinoma

A

= malignang tumor

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56
Q

osteoma

A

= bone tumor

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56
Q

osteoma

A

= bone tumor

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57
Q

endo

A

within/enside of

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57
Q

endo

A

within/enside of

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58
Q

peri-

A

around

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58
Q

peri-

A

around

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59
Q

retro

A

behind

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59
Q

retro

A

behind

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60
Q

epi

A

upon/on top

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60
Q

epi

A

upon/on top

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61
Q

ischemia

A

not enough blood

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61
Q

trans

A

through

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62
Q

intra

A

within

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62
Q

intra

A

within

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63
Q

sub

A

below

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63
Q

sub

A

below

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64
Q

brady/tachy

A

= slow/fast

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64
Q

brady/tachy

A

= slow/fast

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65
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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65
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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66
Q

veno/phlebo

A

vein

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66
Q

veno/phlebo

A

vein

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67
Q

TIA

A

Transient Ischemic Attack = insufficient blood supply to brain

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67
Q

-stasis

A

to stop

68
Q

Aphasia

A

loss of speech

68
Q

-cyte

A

= cell

69
Q

hem/o, -emia

A

= blood

69
Q

hem/o, -emia

A

= blood

70
Q

atherosclerosis

A

hardening of the arteries or fatty areas –> strokes/kindney damage

71
Q

myocardial infarction (MI)

A

blockage of blood flow resulting in death of muscle tissue = “heart attack”

72
Q

mitral prolapse, regurgitation

A

prolapse = tear in valve, results in backward flow called regurgitation

73
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing of heart valve

74
Q

angina pectoris

A

pain in chest

75
Q

arrhythmia/dysrhythmia

A

abnormal heart rates and rythyms

76
Q

-iasis (-osis)

A

abnormal condition

77
Q

cephal/o

A

head

78
Q

encephal/o

A

inside the head (brain)

79
Q

mening/o

A

membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord

80
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord

81
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

82
Q

dys

A

difficult, painful, abnormal

83
Q

-cele

A
  • hernia, abnormal protrusion of structure out of normal anatomical position
84
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of lining of abdominal cavity

- “peritoneal signs” = tender abdomen, rebound pain, no bowel sounds

85
Q

guaiac test (hemoccult, fecult)

A

test to identify blood in stool

86
Q

-plegia

A
  • paralysis
87
Q

CVA

A

= cerbrovascular accident = “stroke” - clot may arise in brain blood vessel (thrombus) or arise elsewhere and travel (embolus) and travel to brain where derives tissue of oxygen

88
Q

TIA

A

Transient Ischemic Attack = insufficient blood supply to brain

89
Q

Epilepsy

A

seizure

90
Q

Aphasia

A

loss of speech

91
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

92
Q

chol/e

A

gall/bile

93
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder,sac

94
Q

emes/o

A

vomit

95
Q

lith/o

A

stone

96
Q

lapar/o

A

abdomina wall

97
Q

-centesis

A

to puncture

98
Q

-tripsy

A

to crush

99
Q

-rrhea

A

flow, discharge

100
Q

-iasis (-osis)

A

abnormal condition

101
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease = severe heartburn

102
Q

diverticulosis/diverticulitis

A

small pouches formed along walls of large intestine- may collect and not be able to empty fecal matter –> inflammation

103
Q

cirrhosis

A

“orange-yellow” liver - degenerative disease of liver, often seen in alchoholics

104
Q

enuresis

A

involuntary release of urine

105
Q

esophageal varices

A

bulging, engorged veins of walls of esophagus: chronic alcoholism

106
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty breathing

107
Q

crohn’s disease

A

chronic inflammatory disease of the bowel

108
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of lining of abdominal cavity

109
Q

guaiac test (hemoccult, fecult)

A

test to identify blood in stool

110
Q

Bronch/o

A

lung air passageways

111
Q

pne/u, -pnea

A

breath, air, lung

112
Q

pulmo

A

lung

113
Q

-ptysis

A

spitting

114
Q

-plasty

A

reconstruction

115
Q

pneumoconiosis

A
  • generic name for toxic particles becoming trapped in lungs –> “black lung”
116
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

117
Q

Emphysema

A

COPD - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease = progressive destruction of air sacs in lungs and loss of respiratory membrane for oxygen exchange (long term smoking)

118
Q

atelectasis

A

collapsed lung

119
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder - cystitis = inflammation of bladder

120
Q

pyel/o

A

renal collecting ducts

121
Q

ur/o, -uria

A

urine

122
Q

Olig/o

A

scanty, less than normal

oliguria = reduced urine formation

123
Q

-pexy

A

to surgically reattach, fix in normal position

nephropexy - surgically attach kidney in normal anatomical position

124
Q

nephrosis

A

noninflammatory disease of kidneys

125
Q

nephrolith

A

kidney stone

126
Q

urethritis

A

inflammation of the urethra

127
Q

nocturia

A

frequent urination in the night

128
Q

enuresis

A

bedwetting

129
Q

cystoscopy

A

looking into the urinary bladder with a fiberoptic instrumentf

130
Q

intravenous pyelogram

A

special xrays showing the drainage pattern of the kidneys

131
Q

voiding cystourethrogram

A

imaging displaying the urethra and bladder while urinating

132
Q

lithotripsy

A

crushing kidney stones with sound waves

133
Q

-pareunia, coitus

A

intercourse

134
Q

balan/o

A

head of penis

135
Q

andr/o

A

male

136
Q

prostat/o

A

prostate

137
Q

vas/o

A

vessel,duct

138
Q

-rrhaphy

A

to suture

139
Q

hypospadias

A

“below the fleshy spike” -external urinary meatus (opening) opens anywhere below the tip of the penis rather than the tip

140
Q

hyrdocele

A

fluid filled sac partially surrounding the testis

141
Q

cryptorchidism

A

hidden testicle - lack of descent of one or both testes into the scrotum

142
Q

BPH

A
  • benign prostatic hypertrophy = swelling of the prostate gland which surrounds the base of the male bladder and urethra causing difficulty urinating - common with men as they age
143
Q

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostrate - surgical care for BPH. an instrument is inserted through the penil urethra and is used to partially cut away the prostate to relieve obstruction of the urinary tract

144
Q

PSA

A

prostate specific antigen - marker protein for prostate cell secretions - rising PSA may be early sign of prostate cancer

145
Q

hymen

A

membrane surrounding entrance of vagina

= greek god of marriage

146
Q

aphrodisiac

A
  • chemical purported to stimulate sexual desire

= arphodite, the greek goddess of love

147
Q

venereal disease

A

sexually transmitted ID

148
Q

hermaphroditism

A

both ovarian and testicular tissue are found in the same individual

149
Q

priapism

A
  • continuous, painful erection
150
Q

satyriasis

A

condition of compulsive sexual desire in men

151
Q

hyster/o, metr/

A

uterus

152
Q

salping/o, -salpinx

A

uterine tube

153
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

154
Q

oopho/o

A

ovary

155
Q

men/o

A

menstruation

156
Q

mamm/o, mast/o

A

breast

157
Q

-pareunia, coitus

A

intercourse

158
Q

endometriosis

A

condition involving colonization of abdominal/pelvic cavity with islands of endometrial tissue - clots of endometrial tissue

159
Q

PID

A

pelvic inflammatory disease: due to bacteria

160
Q

-algia, algesia

A

pain

161
Q

episiotomy

A

surgical procedure cutting into the perineal area, area between vagina and anus to prevent tearing during birthing

162
Q

hysterosalpingogram

A

xrays of uterus and uterine tubes involving passing an opaque dye backwards through the uterus

163
Q

colposcopy

A

using magnifying instrument to inspect interior of vagina and cervix

164
Q

D and C

A

dilation and curettage - dilating the cervix and passing instruments that enable scraping off superficial layers of the endometrium

165
Q

mammoplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of the breast

166
Q

electromyography

A

recording of muscle electrical activity

167
Q

gravida

A

pregnancy

168
Q

-para

A

live birth

169
Q

part/o, toc/o

A

labor, birth, delivery

170
Q

abruptio placentae

A

“breaking off” = premature separation of implanted placenta before full term

171
Q

placenta previa

A

“leading the way” = placenta implanted over the cervical regionof uterus blocking the entrance to the birth canal

172
Q

eclampsia

A

toxemia of pregnancy

173
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

pregnancy implanted anywhere outside of the uterus

174
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

175
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

176
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow

177
Q

ten/o, tendin/o

A

tendon

178
Q

burs/o

A

bursa “bag”

179
Q

My/o

A

muscle

180
Q

-malacia

A

softening

181
Q

-porosis

A

porous

182
Q

-asthenia

A

weakness, loss of strength

183
Q

-trophy

A

development, stimulation, maintenance

184
Q

-algia, algesia

A

pain

185
Q

osteomalacia

A

soft bones

186
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

group of inherited disease where muscles that control movement progressively weaken

187
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

muscular weakness, profound

188
Q

lupus erythematosus

A

AID wherein the body produces antibodies against a variety of organs - especially connective tissues of skin and joints

189
Q

rheumatologist

A

study the flux of liquids - treat joint diseases such as arthritis, osteoporis, tendonitis, gout and lupus

190
Q

electromyography

A

recording of muscle electrical activity

191
Q

osteomalacia

A

soft bones

192
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

group of inherited disease where muscles that control movement progressively weaken

193
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

muscular weakness, profound

194
Q

lupus erythematosus

A

AID wherein the body produces antibodies against a variety of organs - especially connective tissues of skin and joints

195
Q

rheumatologist

A

study the flux of liquids - treat joint diseases such as arthritis, osteoporis, tendonitis, gout and lupus

196
Q

electromyography

A

recording of muscle electrical activity

197
Q

analgesics

A

pain pills

198
Q

anithyperlipidemics

A

cholesterol pills

PCM test 1 (5 decks)

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