Medical Terminology: Neurology Flashcards

Question

arachn/o-

Answer 1

spider; spider web

Answer 2

eye; vision

Answer 3

structure shaped like a pulley

Answer 4

set or group

Answer 5

vestibule (entrance)

Answer 6

cochlea (of the inner ear)

Answer 7

the sense of hearing

Answer 8

pharynx (throat)

Answer 9

wandering; vagus nerve

Answer 10

supplemental or contributing part

Answer 11

back; dorsum

Answer 12

bring toward the center

Answer 13

front; abdomen

Answer 14

go out from the center

Answer 15

independent; self-governing

Answer 16

starlike structure

Answer 17

cellular lining

Answer 18

one millionth; small

Answer 19

scanty; few

Answer 20

branching structure

Answer 21

to send across or through

Answer 22

sensation; feeling

Answer 23

sensation; feeling

Answer 24

forgetfulness

Answer 25

communicate

Answer 26

shaped like a globe

Answer 27

structure; arrangment

Answer 28

intentionally causing harm; cancer

Answer 29

cells that provide support

Answer 30

immature; embryonic

Answer 31

lymph; lymphatic system

Answer 32

branching structure

Answer 33

blood vessel

Answer 34

area of dead tissue

Answer 35

keep back; block

Answer 36

word; the study of

Answer 37

unconsciousness

Answer 38

vilent shaking or jarring

Answer 39

mind; chin

Answer 40

muscle fiber; nerve fiber

Answer 41

slow down; delay

Answer 42

fear; avoidance

Answer 43

pressure; tone

Answer 44

rapid contracting and relaxing

Answer 45

point of activity

Answer 46

stupor; sleep

Answer 47

spinal nerve root

Answer 48

break down; destroy

Answer 49

development

Answer 50

hard; sclera (white of the eye)

Answer 51

cut; slice; layer

Answer 52

to send out

Answer 53

electricity

Answer 54

being capable of doing

Answer 55

carrying; conveying

Answer 56

lower back; area between the ribs and pelvis

Answer 57

thin; frenzy

Answer 58

life; living organisms; living tissue

Answer 59

to cut out

Answer 60

lamina (flat area on a vertebra)

Answer 61

spinal nerve root

Answer 62

three dimensions

Answer 63

operative procedure

Answer 64

peritoneum

Answer 65

sensation of pain

Answer 66

alpha fetoprotein

Answer 67

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Answer 68

arteriovenous malformation

Answer 69

brainstem auditory evoked potential

Answer 70

brainstem auditory evoked response

Answer 71

central nervous system

Answer 72

cerebral palsey

Answer 73

chronic regional pain syndrome

Answer 74

cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 75

computed (axial) tomography

Answer 76

carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 77

cerebrovascular accident

Answer 78

electroencephalogram, electroencephalography

Answer 79

electroneurodiagnostic (technician)

Answer 80

Glasgow Coma Scale (or score)

Answer 81

herniated nucleus pulposus

Answer 82

intracranial pressure

Answer 83

loss of consciousness

Answer 84

lumbar puncture

Answer 85

mini mental status examination

Answer 86

magnetic resonance imaging

Answer 87

multiple sclerosis

Answer 88

neurologic intensive care unit

Answer 89

positron emission tomography

Answer 90

rapid eye movement

Answer 91

reversible ischemic neurologic deficit

Answer 92

spinal cord injury

Answer 93

somatosensory evoked potential

Answer 94

somatosensory evoked reponse

Answer 95

transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (unit)

Answer 96

transient ischemic attack

Answer 97

visual evoked potential

Answer 98

visual evoked response

Answer 99

Nerves that carry sensory nerve impulses from the body to the spinal cord or brain.

Answer 100

Division of the peripheral nervous system that carries nerve impulses to the heart, involuntary smooth muscles, and glands. It includes the parasympathetic division and the sympathetic division.

Answer 101

Division of the nervous system that includes the brain and the spinal cord.

Answer 102

Nerves that carry motor nerve impulses from the spinal cord or brain to the body.

Answer 103

Body system that consists of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, and spinal nerves. It includes the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system and its divisions. Made of neural tissue.

Answer 104

Division of the autonomic nervous system. Its neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. It directs the activity of the heart, involuntary smooth muscles, and glands while the body is at rest.

Answer 105

Division of the nervous system that includes the cranial nerves and the spinal nerves.

Answer 106

Structure of the cell membrane of a dendrite (or on a muscle, organ, or gland) where a neurotransmitter binds.

Answer 107

Involuntary muscle reaction that is controlled by the spinal cord.

Answer 108

The entire circuit that the nerve impulse travels during a reflex.

Answer 109

Division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the movements of voluntary skeletal muscles.

Answer 110

Division of the autonomic nervous system. Its neurotransmitter is norepinephrine. It directs activity of the heart, involuntary muscles, and glands during times of increased activity. During danger or stress ("fight or flight"), it stimulates the adrenal gland to release the hormone epinephrine into the blood.

Answer 111

Thin, middle layer of the meninges that contains a spider-weblike network of fibers that go into the subarachnoid space.

Answer 112

Area in the temporal lobe of the cerebrum that analyzes sensory information from receptors in the cochlea for the sense of hearing.

Answer 113

Largest organ of the nervous system. It is part of the central nervous system and is located in the cranial cavity.

Answer 114

Most inferior part of the brain that joins with the spinal cord. It is composed of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.

Answer 115

Small, rounded structure that is the most posterior part of the brain. It monitors muscle tone and position and coordinates muscle movements.

Answer 116

The outermost surface of the cerebrum. It consists of gray matter that contains the cell bodies of neurons.

Answer 117

Clear fluid that is produced by the ependymal cells that line the ventricles in the brain and the canal within the spinal cord. It circulates through the ventricles, into the spinal canal, back to the brain and through the subarachnoid space of the meninges. It cushions and protects the brain and contains and contains glucose and other nutrients.

Answer 118

The largest and most visible part of the brain. Its surface contains gyri and sulci, and it is divided into two hemispheres.

Answer 119

Connecting band of neurons between the two hemispheres of the cerebrum that allows them to communicate and coordinate their activities.

Answer 120

Hollow cavity inside the cranium that contains the brain.

Answer 121

Rounded dome of bone at the top of the skull.

Answer 122

Tough, outermost layer of the meninges. The dura mater lies just beneath the bones of the cranium and within the foramen of each vertebra.

Answer 123

Deep division that runs in an anterior-to-posterior direction through the cerebrum that divides it into right and left hemispheres.

Answer 124

Lobe of the cerebrum that predicts future events and consequences. Exerts conscious control over the skeletal muscles. Contains the gustatory cortex for the sense of taste.

Answer 125

Area in the frontal lobe of the cerebrum that analyzes sensory information from taste receptors in the tongue for the sense of taste.

Answer 126

One of many elevated folds on the surface of the cerebrum. In between each gyrus is a sulcus (narrow groove).

Answer 127

One half of the cerebrum.

Answer 128

Side of the brain that recognizes patterns and three-dimensional structures (including faces) and the emotions of words.

Answer 129

Side of the brain that deals with mathematical and logical reasoning, analysis, and interpreting sights, sounds, and sensations. It is active in reading, writing, and speaking.

Answer 130

Area in the center of the brain just below the thalamus that coordinates the activities of the pons and medulla oblongata. It controls heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, body temperature, sensations of hunger and thirst. it also produces hormones as part of the endocrine system; it has a stalk of tissue that connects it to the pituitary gland of the endocrine system.

Answer 131

Large area of the cerebrum. Each lobe is named for the bone of the cranium that is above it: frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe.

Answer 132

Most inferior part of the brainstem that joins to the spinal cord. It relays nerve impulses from the cerebrum, to the cerebellum. It contains the respiratory centers. The motor portions of the cranial nerves IX through XII begin here. The sensory portions of cranial nerves IX and X end here.

Answer 133

Three separate membranes that envelop and protect the entire brain and spinal cord. The meninges include the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater.

Answer 134

Most superior part of the brainstem. It keeps the mind conscious, coordinates immediate responses, and maintains muscle tone and body position. It contains the substantia nigra. Cranial nerves III and IV begin here.

Answer 135

Lobe of the cerebrum that receives and analyzes sensory information from the eyes. Contains the visual cortex for the sense of light.

Answer 136

Area in the temporal lobe of the cerebrum that analyzes sensory information from receptors in the nose for the sense of smell.

Answer 137

Lobe of the cerebrum that receives and analyzes sensory information about temperature, touch, vibration, and pain from the skin, joints, and muscles.

Answer 138

Thin, delicate, innermost layer of the meninges. It covers the surface of the brain and contains many small blood vessels.

Answer 139

Middle part of the brainstem that relays nerve impulses from the spinal cord to the midbrain, hypothalamus, and cerebrum. The motor portions of cranial nerves V through VII begin here. The sensory portions of cranial nerves V and VII end here.

Answer 140

Area of the parietal lobe of the cerebrum that analyzes sensory information (touch, temperature, vibration, and pain) from receptors in the skin, joints, and muscles.

Answer 141

Space beneath the arachnoid layer of the meninges. It is filled with cerebrospinal fluid.

Answer 142

A gray-to-black pigmented area in the midbrain of the brainstem that produces the neurotransmitter dopamine.

Answer 143

Groove between two gyri on the surface of the cerebrum.

Answer 144

Lobe of the cerebrum that analyzes sensory information. It contains the auditory cortex for the sense of hearing and the olfactory cortex for the sense of smell.

Answer 145

Area in the center of the cerebrum that is a relay station. It takes sensory nerve impulses from the cranial and spinal nerves and sends them to the midbrain and the cerebrum.

Answer 146

One of four hollow chambers in the brain that contains cerebrospinal fluid. The two lateral ventricles are in the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum. The small third ventricle is between and two lobes of the thalamus. The long, narrow fourth ventricle connects to the spinal cavity.

Answer 147

Area in the occipital lobe of the cerebrum that analyzes sensory information from receptors in the retina of each eye for the sense of sight.

Answer 148

Group of nerve roots that begin where the spinal cord ends and continue inferiorly within the spinal cavity. They look like the tail (cauda) of a horse (equine).

Answer 149

Area between the dura mater and the vertebral body. It is filled with fatty tissue and blood vessels.

Answer 150

Hollow cavity within each vertebra. It contains the spinal cord. AKA spinal canal

Answer 151

Part of the central nervous system. It begins at the medulla oblongata of the brain and extends down the back within the spinal cavity. It ends at lumbar vertebra L2 and separates into nerve roots (cauda equina).

Answer 152

Cranial nerve VI. Motor nerve. Movement of the eye.

Answer 153

Cranial nerve XI. Motor nerve. Movement of the muscles for swallowing, the vocal cords, and muscles of the neck and upper back. Two of its nerve branches also assist the vagus nerve.

Answer 154

Twelve pairs of nerves that originate in the brain. They carry sensory nerve impulses to the brain and/or motor nerve impulses from the brain.

Answer 155

Cranial nerve VII. Sensory and motor nerve. Sense of taste for the front of the tongue. Movement of the facial muscles and salivary and lacrimal glands.

Answer 156

Cranial nerve IX. Sensory and motor nerve. Sense of taste for the back of the tongue. Movement of the muscles for swallowing and the parotid salivary glands.

Answer 157

Cranial nerve XII. Motor nerve. Movement of the tongue.

Answer 158

Cranial nerve III. Motor nerve. Movement of the eyeball, eyelids, and iris (to change the diameter of the pupil).

Answer 159

Cranial nerve I. Sensory nerve. Sense of smell.

Answer 160

Cranial nerve II. Sensory nerve. Sense of vision.

Answer 161

Cranial nerve V. Sensory and motor nerve. Sensation in the face and mouth. Movement of the muscles of chewing. It consists of three branches: opthalmic nerve, maxillary nerve, mandibular nerve.

Answer 162

Cranial nerve IV. Motor nerve. Movement of the eyeball.

Answer 163

Cranial nerve X. Sensory and motor nerve. Sensation of taste from the soft palate and throat. Sensation in the ears, diaphragm, and the internal organs. It controls the heart rate and the smooth muscles in the bronchi and GI tract.

Answer 164

Cranial nerve VIII. Sensory nerve. Sense of hearing and balance. AKA the auditory nerve.

Answer 165

Group of spinal nerve roots that enter the posterior (dorsal) part of the spinal cord and carry sensory nerve impulses from the body to the spinal cord.

Answer 166

Thirty-one pairs of nerves. Each pair joins the spinal cord in the area between two vertebrae. An individual spinal nerve consists of dorsal nerve roots and ventral nerve roots.

Answer 167

Group of spinal nerve roots that exit from the anterior (ventral) part of the spinal cord and carry motor nerve impulses to the body.

Answer 168

Part of the neuron that is a single, elongated branch at the opposite end from the dendrites. It conducts the electrical impulse and releases neurotransmitters into the synapse. Larger axons are covered by an insulating layer of myelin.

Answer 169

Area in the cell body of a neuron that contains structures that produce neurotransmitter and energy for the neuron.

Answer 170

Multiple branches at the beginning of a neuron whose receptors bind with a neurotransmitter and convert it to an electrical impulse.

Answer 171

Fatty sheath around a larger axon. It is an insulating layer that is important for the conduction of electrical impulses. An axon with myelin is myelinated. Myelin around larger axons in the brain and spinal cord is produced by oligodendroglia. Myelin around larger axons in the cranial and spinal nerves is produced by the Schwann cells.

Answer 172

A bundle of individual neurons.

Answer 173

An individual nerve cell. The functional part of the nervous system.

Answer 174

Structure in the cell body of a neuron that directs cellular activities.

Answer 175

Space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of the next neuron. Space between the axon of a neuron and the cells of a muscle, organ, or gland.

Answer 176

Star-shaped cell that provides structural support for neurons, connects them to capillaries, and forms the blood-brain barrier.

Answer 177

Cells that line the walls of the ventricles, spinal cavity, and the central canal within the spinal cord and produce cerebrospinal fluid.

Answer 178

Cells that move, engulf, and destroy pathogens anywhere in the central nervous system.

Answer 179

Cells that hold neurons in place and perform specialized tasks. Neuroglia include astrocytes, ependymal cells, microglia, oligodendroglia, and Schwann cells.

Answer 180

Cells that form the myelin sheath around larger axons in the brain and spinal cord. These cells have few branching structures.

Answer 181

Cells that form the myelin sheath around larger axons of the cranial and spinal nerves.

Answer 182

Neurotransmitter in synapses between neurons of the parasympathetic division. It is also in synapses between motor neurons and voluntary skeletal muscles in the somatic nervous system.

Answer 183

Neurotransmitter in the synapses between neurons in the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, and limbic system in the brain. Produces by the substantia nigra of the midbrain.

Answer 184

Neuromodulators that are one of the several natural pain relievers produced by the brain.

Answer 185

Neurotransmitter secreted by the adrenal gland and released into the blood. It stimulates the body to prepare for "flight or fight."

Answer 186

Chemical messenger that travels across the synapse between neurons.

Answer 187

Neurotransmitter of the sympathetic division.

Answer 188

Neurotransmitter in synapses between neurons in the limbic system, hypothalamus, cerebellum, and spinal cord.

Answer 189

Partial or total (global) loss of memory of recent or remote (past) experiences. It is often a consequence of brain injury or a stroke that damages the hippocampus where short-term memories are converted to long-term memories.

Answer 190

Rare congenital condition in which some or all of the cranium and cerebrum are missing. The newborn breathes because the respiratory center in the medulla oblongata are present, but only survives a few hours or days.

Answer 191

Loss of the ability to communicate verbally or in writing.

Answer 192

Inability to verbally express thoughts.

Answer 193

Inability to understand the spoken or written word

Answer 194

Having both expressive and receptive aphasia.

Answer 195

Abnormality in which arteries in the brain connect directly to veins (rather than capillaries), forming an abnormal twisted nest of blood vessels.

Answer 196

Benign or malignant tumor of any area of the brain. Named according to the type of cell from which they originated. As they grow they cause intracranial pressure (ICP), which destroys brain tissue.

Answer 197

Pain in the head. AKA a headache.

Answer 198

Caused by a lack of oxygen to parts of the fetus' brain during birth. Can cause spastic muscles; lack of coordination in walking, eating, and talking; muscle paralysis; seizures; or metal retardation.

Answer 199

Malignant brain tumor originating from an astrocyte in the cerebrum.

Answer 200

Benign brain tumor originating from ependymal cells that line the ventricles.

Answer 201

Malignant brain tumor originating from an immature astrocyte in the cerebrum.

Answer 202

Benign or malignant brain tumor originating from any neuroglial cell.

Answer 203

Malignant brain tumor originating from a microglia in the cerebrum.

Answer 204

Benign brain tumor originating from the meninges around the brain or spinal cord.

Answer 205

Malignant brain tumor originating from the oligodendroglia in the cerebrum.

Answer 206

Benign brain tumor originating from Schwann cells near the cranial or spinal nerves.

Answer 207

Disruption or blockage of blood flow to the brain, which causes tissue death and an area of necrosis known as an infarct. AKA stroke or brain attack.

Answer 208

Temporary lack of oxygenated blood to an area of the brain where the effects only last 24 hours.

Answer 209

A TIA whose effects last for several days.

Answer 210

Muscle weakness on one side of the body.

Answer 211

Paralysis on one side of the body.

Answer 212

Deep state of unconsciousness and unresponsiveness caused by trauma or disease in the brain, metabolic imbalance with accumulation of waste products in the blood (hepatic coma) or too little glucose in the blood (hyoglycemia)

Answer 213

Condition in which there is irreversible loss of all brain function as confirmed by an electroencephalogram (EEG) that is flat, showing no brain wave activity of any kind for 30 minutes.

Answer 214

Traumatic injury to the brain that results in an immediate loss of consciousness (LOC) for a brief or prolonged period of time.

Answer 215

Traumatic injury to the brain or spinal cord.

Answer 216

Caused by an adult vigorously shaking an infant in anger or to discipline, causing a contusion, concussion, hemorrhaging, mental retardation, coma, or even death.

Answer 217

Fatal neurologic disorder caused by a prion (small infectious protein particle) contracted from cows with mad cow disease.

Answer 218

Disease of the brain in which many neurons in the cerebrum die, the cerebral cortex shrinks in size, and there is progressive deterioration in mental function.

Answer 219

Dementia associated with old age.

Answer 220

Dementia associated with multiple small cerebrovascular accidents.

Answer 221

Hereditary dementia that is known to run in families with inherited mutations on chromosomes 1, 14, and 21. Neurons show characteristic neurofibrillary tangles and microscopic beta amyloid senile plaques.

Answer 222

Alzheimer's disease that occurs in early middle age.

Answer 223

Hereditary genetic defect in which there are three of chromosome 21, instead of two, affecting every cell in the body, but most obvious as mild-to-severe mental retardation and characteristic physical features of a large, protruding tongue, short fingers, and a single transverse crease in the palm of the hand.

Answer 224

Difficulty reading and writing words even though visual acuity and intelligence are normal. Prevalent in left handed persons and in males.

Answer 225

Inflammation and infection of the brain caused by a virus.

Answer 226

Recurring condition in which a group of neurons in the brain spontaneously sends out electrical impulses in an abnormal, uncontrolled way. AKA seizures or convulsions.

Answer 227

Sleepiness and confusion experienced after a tonic-clonic seizure.

Answer 228

Prolonged, continuous seizure or repeated seizures that occur without the patient regaining consciousness.

Answer 229

Seizure with unconsciousness with excessive motor activity. The body alternates between excessive muscle tone and rigidity (tonic) and jerking muscle contractions (clonic) in the extremities, with tongue biting and sometimes incontinence.

Answer 230

Seizure with impaired consciousness with slight or no muscle activity. Muscle tone is retained and the patient does not fall down, but is unable to respond to external stimuli.

Answer 231

Seizure with some degree of impairment of consciousness. Involuntary contractions of one or several muscle groups.

Answer 232

Seizure with no impairment of consciousness. The patient is aware of the seizure but is unable to stop the involuntary motor activity, such as jerking of one hand or turning of the head.

Answer 233

Localized collection of blood that forms in the brain because of trauma to the cranium or the rupture of an intracranial aneurysm or an AVM.

Answer 234

Progressive inherited degeneration of the brain that begins in middle age.

Answer 235

Condition in which an excessive amount of cerebrospinal fluid is produced or the flow of cerebrospinal fluid is blocked. Intracranial pressure increases, distends the ventricles in the brain, and compresses the brain tissue.

Answer 236

Inflammation and infection of the meninges of the brain or spinal cord caused by a bacterium or virus.

Answer 237

Specific type of recurring headache that has a sudden onset with severe, throbbing pain, often on just one side of the head.

Answer 238

Brief, involuntary episodes of falling asleep during the daytime while engaged in activity.

Answer 239

Chronic, degenerative disease due to an imbalance in the levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine in the brain. AKA parkinsonism

Answer 240

Temporary loss of consciousness.

Answer 241

The patient becomes lightheaded and then faints and remains unconscious briefly.

Answer 242

Congenital abnormality of the neural tube (embryonic structure that becomes the fetal brain and spinal cord). The fetus' vertebrae form incompletely (spina bifida), and there is an abnormal opening in the verebral column that is only covered by meninges and skin.

Answer 243

A protrusion of the meninges through the skin.

Answer 244

A protrusion of the meninges and the spinal cord through the skin. AKA meningomyelocele.

Answer 245

Acute or chronic condition that occurs because of a tumor, arthritis, or a herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP). AKA slipped disk or sciatica.

Answer 246

Trauma to the spinal cord with a partial or complete transection of the cord causing partial or complete anesthesia and paralysis.

Answer 247

Injury to the lower spinal cord that causes paralysis of the legs.

Answer 248

Injury to the spinal cord that causes paralysis to all four extremities.

Answer 249

The loss of muscles tone and firmness that leads to atrophy as a result of paralysis.

Answer 250

Chronic, progressive disease of the motor nerves coming from the spinal cord. AKA Lou Gehrig's disease

Answer 251

Condition in which sensation of any type, including touch, pressure, propioception, or pain, has been lost.

Answer 252

Weakness, drooping, or actual paralysis of one side of the face because of inflammation of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII), caused by a viral infection.

Answer 253

Chronic condition (tingling caused by inflammation and swelling) caused by repetitive motions of the hand and wrist, often from constant typing or data entry.

Answer 254

Autoimmune disorder in which the body makes antibodies against myelin.

Answer 255

Condition in which there is a heightened awareness and sensitivity to touch and increased response to painful stimuli.

Answer 256

Chronic, progressive, degenerative autoimmune disorder in which the body makes antibodies against myelin.

Answer 257

Pain along the path of a nerve and its branches that is caused by an injury.

Answer 258

Neuralgia characterized by episodes of brief, but severe, stabbing pain on one or both sides of the face or jaw along the distribution of the trigeminal nerve. AKA tic douloureux

Answer 259

Severe, burning pain along a nerve and its branches.

Answer 260

Causalgia with hyperesthesia, changes in skin color and temperature, and swelling.

Answer 261

Lingering, chronic pain from shingles.

Answer 262

Inflammation or infection of a nerve.

Answer 263

A generalized inflammation of many nerves in one part of the body or all the nerves in the body.

Answer 264

Hereditary disease with multiple benign fibrous tumors (neurofibromata) that grow on the peripheral nerves. AKA von Recklinghausen's.

Answer 265

Benign tumor of a nerve or any of the specialized cells of the nervous system.

Answer 266

Specifically forms from repetitive damage to the nerve that is near the metatarsophalangeal joints between the ball of the foot and the toes.

Answer 267

General category for any type of disease or injury to a nerve.

Answer 268

Condition in which abnormal sensations, such as tingling, burning, or pinpricks, are felt on the skin.

Answer 269

Test of a sample of amniotic fluid taken from the uterus by amniocentesis during pregnancy to diagnose neural tube defect in the fetus before birth.

Answer 270

Examines the color of CFS. Used to test for encephalitis or meningitis, a brain bleed, tumor, infection, or MS.

Answer 271

Procedure in which a radiopaque contrast dye is injected into the carotid arteries, and an x-ray is taken to visualize the arterial circulation in the brain.

Answer 272

Procedure that uses x-rays to create many individual, closely spaced images.

Answer 273

Radiopaque contrast dye is injected in to the subarachnoid space of the level of the L3 and L4 vertebrae. The contrast dye outlines the spinal cavity and shows spinal nerves, nerve roots, and intervertebral disks, as well as tumors, herniated disks, or obstructions within the cavity.

Answer 274

Procedure that uses a radioactive substance that is combined with glucose molecules and injected intravenously. Used to view areas of metabolism.

Answer 275

Procedure in which a plain film (without contrast dye) is taken of the skull.

Answer 276

Procedure to record the electrical activity of the brain.

Answer 277

EEG used to record changes in brain waves that occur following various stimuli. It is used to evaluate the potential ability of a particular nervous pathway to conduct nerve impulses.

Answer 278

Procedure to measure the speed at which an electrical impulse travels along a nerve.

Answer 279

Procedure to diagnose the underlying conditions that cause insomnia, sleep disruption, sleep apnea, or narcolepsy.

Answer 280

Neurologic test in which the end of the metal handle of a percussion hammer is used to firmly stroke the lateral sole of the foot from the heel to the toes. Tests for injury to the parietal lobe of the cerebrum or to the spinal nerves.

Answer 281

Numerical scale that measures the depth of a coma.

Answer 282

Procedure to obtain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for testing. AKA spinal tap.

Answer 283

Tests the patient's concrete and abstract thought processes and long and short-term memory.

Answer 284

Tests coordination, sensation, balance, and gait.

Answer 285

Procedure in which a fracture of the vertebrae is immobilized while it heals.

Answer 286

Procedure that uses an electrical device to control chronic pain.

Medical Terminology: Neurology Flashcards

(354 cards)