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Test#3 > Medication Administration > Flashcards

Medication Administration Flashcards

1
Q

Absorption

A

Occurs on medication molecules, pass into the blood from the site of medication administration.

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2
Q

Adverse effects

A

Undesired, unintended and often unpredictable causes from medication

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3
Q

Anaphylactic reactions

A

Life-threatening is characterized by sudden constriction of bronchiolar muscles, edema of the pharynx and larynx, and severe wheezing and shortness of breath

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4
Q

Biological half-life

A

how long it takes for half of the dose to be metabolized and eliminated from the bloodstream

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5
Q

Biotransformation

A

The process by which substances that enter, the body are changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic molecules to facilitate illumination from the body(excrete)

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6
Q

Buccal

A

Lining of cheek

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7
Q

Detoxify

A

Break down and removal of biologically, active chemicals

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8
Q

Idiosyncratic reaction

A

When a patient overreacts or under reacts to a medication or has a reaction different from normal

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9
Q

Infusion

A

A method of putting fluids, including drugs into the bloodstream

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10
Q

Injection

A

Enters the bloodstream

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11
Q

Instillation

A

Fluid that is retained

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12
Q

Intraarticular

A

An injection of medication into a joint to relieve pain (knee)

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13
Q

Intracardiac

A

Injection of medication directly into cardiac tissue (directly into heart, muscles or ventricles)

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14
Q

Intrdermal(injection)

A

Injection into the dermis just under the epidermis (surface of forearm,tb)

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15
Q

Intramuscular(injection)

A

Injection into a muscle

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16
Q

Intraocular

A

Involves inserting a medication, similar to a contact lens into a patient eye

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17
Q

Intravenous(IV) (injection)

A

Injection into a vein

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18
Q

Irrigations

A
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19
Q

Medication allergy

A

The medication or chemical acts as an antigen, triggering the release of the antibodies in the body

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20
Q

Medication error

A
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21
Q

Medication tolerance

A

Occurs overtime usually noted clinically when patient receive more and more medication(higher doses) to achieve the same therapeutic effect

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22
Q

Medication reconciliation

A

Nurses pharmacist, another healthcare providers compare the medication that the patient is taking currently with the patient should be taking annually, ordered medication

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23
Q

Medication tolerance

A

This occurs overtime
Usually noted clinically when patient receives more and more medication or higher dose, to achieve the same therapeutic affect

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24
Q

Minimum effective concentration (MEC)

A

the lower level of a drug in the body that will still be effective

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25
Ophthalmic
26
Parenteral administration
Involves injecting a medication to body tissues
27
Peak
Time it takes for medication to reach its highest effective concentration Drawn 1 hour after meds is finished
28
Pharmacokinetics
The study of how medication, enter the body, reach their side of action, metabolize, and exit the body
29
Polypharmacy
30
Prescriptions
31
Pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs)
32
Side effects
Add predictable and often unavoidable adverse effect produced at the usual therapeutic dose
33
Solution
A liquid containing a dissolved substance
34
Subcutaneous(injection)
Injection into tissues, just below the dermis of the skin (arm, belly, buttocks, upper legs)
35
Sublingual
Is when you have to instruct patients not to swallow medication, given by sublingual route, or drink anything until the medication is completely dissolved, ensure that the medication will have its desired effect(medication that is provided to patient that goes under the tongue)
36
Synergistic effect
When to medication’s are combined, and their effect is greater than the effect of the medication when they were given separately
37
Therapeutic effect
Is expected or predicted physiological response caused by medication
38
Therapeutic range
A ratio that compares the blood concentration at which a drug becomes toxic and the concentration at which the drug is effective. The larger the therapeutic index (TI), the safer the drug is. falls between MEC and the toxic concentration
39
Toxic affects
Accumulation of medication, bloodstream Having to do with poison or something harmful to the body. Toxic substances usually cause unwanted side effects
40
Transdermal disk
Is absorbed through the skin and affect the. client throughout their body much like taking a pill affects the client.
41
Through
Minimum blood serum concentration of medication reach just before the next scheduled dose (Drawn right before medication is administered -30 mins before)
42
Verbal order
43
Z -track method
44
Onset of medication, action
Time it takes after you administer medication for it to produce a therapeutic effect
45
Duration of action
Length of time, during which medication is present in a concentration gradient enough to produce a therapeutic effect
46
Plateau
Blood serum concentration reached and maintained after repeated fix doses
47
Allergic reaction
Unpredictable response to medication
48
Dysphasia
Inability to swallow
49
What are four major methods of injection?
Intradermal Subcutaneous Intramuscular (deltoid) Intravenous
50
What are the seven rights to medication administration?
The right patient The right medication The right dose The right route The right time The right documentation The right indication
51
Oral administration
Easiest and most desirable route Food sometimes affects absorption
52
installation (eye)
Avoid cornea Avoid touching the eyelids with droppers or tubes to decrease the risk or infection Use only on affected eye
53
Intraocular instillation
Teach patient how to insert and remove the disk (contacts)
54
Ear instillation
Instill ear drops at room temperature Check ear drum for rupture if patient has ear drainage
55
Parenteral medication equipment
Syringes Luer-lok (twist needle on) Non-luer-lok(slip needle on)
56
Parenteral medications needle parts
Hub Shaft Bevel
57
Needle gauge and length
Intramuscular injection Needle length 5/8 inch-1 1/2 inch Needle gauge: 22-25 Subcutaneous injection Needle length 1/8 inch -5/8 inch Needle gauge 25-27 Intradermal injection Needle length 1/2 inch - 5/8 inch Needle gauge 25-27
58
Parenteral medication’s – ampule
Preparing injection for an Ampule -Snap off ampule neck -aspirate medication into syringe using filter needle -replace filter needle:with appropriate size needle or needless device -administer injection according to order
59
Where does metabolism of drugs occur?
Liver
60
What body organ excretes drugs
Kidneys (pee)
61
Aseptic techniques
Reduce the risk of infection Basically hand, hygiene, ensuring sterile supplies
62
How is insulin administered?
Insulin is administered by sub Q injection because the G.I. tract breaks down and destroys it in oral form
63
the abdomen injection
Fastest absorption area
64
The arms
A little slower than the abdomen
65
The legs
Even slower than the arms
66
The buttocks
The slowest absorption area
67
Subcutaneous injection locations
Medication’s place in to loose connective tissues under dermis Arms, abdomen. buttocks(a little lower than waist ventrolgluteal), legs(above knees)
68
What are the degrees for injections
Intramuscular -90° angle Subcutaneous -45° angle and 90° angle Intradermal -5-15° angle
69
Intramuscular injections
Faster absorption, then subcutaneous route The angle of admission is 90° Body mass index and adipose tissue influence needle size selection 2–5 ml is the amount that can be injected in that area
70
Intramuscular(ventrolgluteal)
Gluteus medius Deep in away from major nerves and blood vessels It is the preferred and safe site for all adults, children, and infants Recommended for volumes greater than 2 mL **
71
When should Z track method be used?
The Z track method should be used for all intramuscular injections in adults. This technique prevents drug leakage into the subcutaneous tissue. It helps steal the drug in the muscle in minimizes the skin irritation. (You pull the skin before inserting needle, after administering medication pull needle out and let go of the skin)
72
Intramuscular(Vastis lateralis)
Used for adults and children Use middle third of muscle for injection Usually use for kids for their immunizations (on their legs)
73
Intramuscular(deltoid)
Injection of the arm center of the triangle, pinch skin and inject a medication
74
How to administer IM Med Z-track w/aspiration
After pulling the skin and inserting the needle, aspirate(pull back) for 5– 10 seconds with dominant hand(while other hand is still holding down the skin) then administer medication over one ML/10 seconds. Then wait 10 seconds and release skin as you pull needle out at the same angle
75
Do we aspirate all injections?
No, CDC recommends that we not aspirate vaccines.
76
Intradermal injections
This is used for skin testing such as allergy, TB Slow absorption from dermis Angle of insertion is 5 to 15° with a bevel up A small bleb will form
77
Intravenous injection(IV)
Are primarily used for fluid replacement in patients who are unable to take oral fluids

Test#3 (5 decks)

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