Medication Administration Flashcards by christine tin

is a substance administered for the diagnosis, cure, treatment, or relief of a symptom or for prevention of disease.

medication

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is the introduction of a substance for the diagnosis, cure,
treatment, relief and prevention of diseases.

Medication Administration

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In the healthcare context, the words _____________
and ______ are generally used interchangeably

medication; drug

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The written direction for the preparation and administration of a drug is called a

prescription

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One drug can have as many as four kinds of names:

generic name, trade name (or brand name), official name,
and chemical name

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is assigned by the United States Adopted Names (USAN) Council and is used throughout the drug’s lifetime.

generic name

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is the name given by the drug manufacturer and identifies it as property of that company. The name selected is usually short and easy to remember

trade name/brand name

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is the name under which a drug is listed
in one of the official publications

official name

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is the name by which a
chemist knows it; this name describes the constituents of
the drug precisely

chemical name

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A liquid, powder, or foam deposited in a thin layer on the skin by air pressure

Aerosol spray or foam

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One or more drugs dissolved in water

Aqueous solution

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One or more drugs finely divided in a liquid such as water

Aqueous suspension

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A solid form, shaped like a capsule, coated and easily swallowed

Caplet

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A gelatinous container to hold a drug in powder, liquid, or oil form

Capsule

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A nongreasy, semisolid preparation used on the skin

Cream

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A sweetened and aromatic solution of alcohol used as a vehicle for medicinal agents

Elixir

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A concentrated form of a drug made from vegetables or animals

Extract

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A clear or translucent semisolid that liquefies when applied to the skin

Gel or jelly

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A medication mixed with alcohol, oil, or soapy emollient and applied to the skin

Liniment

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A medication in a liquid suspension applied to the skin

Lotion

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A flat, round, or oval preparation that dissolves and releases a drug when held in the mouth

Lozenge (troche)

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A semisolid preparation of one or more drugs used for application to the skin and mucous membrane

Ointment

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A preparation like an ointment, but thicker and stiff, that penetrates the skin less than an ointment

Paste

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One or more drugs mixed with a cohesive material, in oval, round, or flattened shapes

Pill

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A finely ground drug or drugs; some are used internally, others externally

Powder

One or several drugs mixed with a firm base such as gelatin and shaped for insertion into the body (e.g., the rectum); the base dissolves gradually at body temperature, releasing the drug

Suppository

An aqueous solution of sugar often used to disguise unpleasant-tasting drugs

Syrup

A powdered drug compressed into a hard, small disk; some are readily broken along a scored line; others are enteric coated to prevent them from dissolving in the stomach

Tablet

An alcoholic or water-and-alcohol solution prepared from drugs derived from plants

Tincture

A semipermeable membrane shaped in the form of a disk or patch that contains a drug to be absorbed through the skin over a long period of time

Transdermal patch

Essential Parts of a Drug Order

* Full name of the client * Date and time the order is written * Name of the drug to be administered * Dosage of the drug * Frequency of administration * Route of administration * Signature of the individual writing the order

the most common, least expensive, and most convenient route for most clients

Oral administration

In oral administration, the drug is

swallowed

Can administer larger volume than subcutaneous Drug is rapidly absorbed

Intramuscular

Absorption is slow (this is an advantage in testing for allergies)

Intradermal

is defined as other than through the alimentary or respiratory tract; that is, by needle

parenteral route

into the subcutaneous tissue, just below the skin

Subcutaneous (hypodermic)

into a muscle

Intramuscular (IM)

under the epidermis (into the dermis)

Intradermal (ID)

into a vein

Intravenous (IV)

is the administration of a drug into the dermal layer of the skin just beneath the epidermis.

intradermal (ID) injection

This method of administration is frequently used for allergy testing and tuberculosis (TB) screening.

intradermal (ID) injection

Common sites for ID injections are the:

inner lower arm, the upper chest, and the back beneath the scapulae

The __________ is commonly used for TB screening and the _____________ is used for all other tests.

left arm; right arm

are absorbed more quickly than subcutaneous injections because of the greater blood supply to the body muscles.

intramuscular (IM) injections

An adult with well-developed muscles can usually safely tolerate up to ______ of medication in the ________________________ muscles

3 mL; gluteus medius and gluteus maximus

A volume of ___________ is usually recommended for adults with less developed muscles.

1 to 2 mL

In the deltoid muscle, volumes of_____________are recommended.

0.5 to 1 mL

coomon sites for IM injections

Deltoid Ventrogluteal

FIRST CHECK:

Compare the name and dosage of drug on the label with name and dosage of drug on medicine ticket. Check the expiration date

SECOND CHECK:

Compare the name and dosage of drug on the label with the name and dosage of drug on the medicine ticket.

have groves or markings as to which to split the medication

Scored tablets

If patient has difficulty swallowing, __________ the tablet into a ____________ with a _____________ and mix the powder with a small amount of soft food such as applesauce

crush; fine powder; pill crusher

In cases of ___________, __________ are easier to swallow than clear liquids

dysphagia; soft foods

Thoroughly _____ the medication before pouring

mix

Hold the bottle (with your ___________ hand) next to your palm and pour the medication __________ from the label.

dominant; away

When giving medication with small amount of liquids, prepare the medication in _______________________________________. Label the syringe with the ___________________.

a syringe without the needle or a dropper; medication name and route

Take the medication to the patient _______________ before or after the scheduled time

within 30 minutes

prevents aspiration of drugs and fluids

proper positioning

eases swallowing and facilitates absorption from the gastrointestinal tract

Fluids

Stimulation at the back of the tongue produces the

swallowing reflex

If an older child or adult patient has difficulty swallowing, ask the patient to __________________________________ before taking water

place the medicine at the back of their tongue

prevents glass particles from being withdrawn with the medication

filter needle

For ID injection, Draw _________________ and ______________________

0.9 cc of sterile water ; 0.1 cc of medication