Medication Administration

Question 1

Absorption

Answer 1

Medication molecules pass into the blood stream from the site of medication administration

Question 2

Most rapid Absorption of medication

Answer 2

IV

Question 3

Distribution of medication

Answer 3

Distribution to body tissues and organs

Question 4

Metabolism of medication

Answer 4

After medication is at the site of action it is broken down to active and inactive forms

Question 5

What body organs are responsible for medication excretion

Answer 5

Medication exit the body through the
 kidney
 liver 
bowel
Lungs 
Exocrine glands

Question 6

Therapeutic effect of medication

Answer 6

Expected or predicted physiological response caused by medications

Question 7

Adverse effects of medication

Answer 7

Undesired or unintended and often unpredictable response to medications

Question 8

Side effects of medication

Answer 8

Predictable and often unavoidable adverse effect

Question 9

Toxic effect

Answer 9

Develop after prolonged intake of medications or when medications accumulate in blood because of impaired metabolism

Question 10

Idiosyncratic

Answer 10

Unpredictable effect. Patients underreacts or overreacts to a medication different from normal

Question 11

Allergic reactions

Answer 11

Unpredictable response to medication

Question 12

Synergistic

Answer 12

When two medications combine effect greater than one medication

Question 13

Routes of med administration

Answer 13

Oral, buccal, sublingual
Parenteral(subq, IM , IV, ID)
Topical
Inhalation

Question 14

Factors to consider when choosing routes of med administration

Answer 14

Ability to swallow 
Level of consciousness 
Surgery 
Taste 
Rate of Absorption 
Tissue damage risk
Infection exposure 
Cost of the medication 
Medication concentration 
Local reaction

Question 15

Essential parts of drug order

Answer 15

• Superscription - patients name
• Date and time the order was written
• Name of practitioner
• Rx.
• Inscription- drug name dose and strength
• Time and frequency of administration
• Signature of health care provider

Question 16

Types of drug orders

Answer 16

Telephone order(Read it loud to verify)
Verbal order
Written order

Question 17

Standing orders

Answer 17

Carried out until the health care provider cancels it by another order or prescribed number of days lapse

Question 18

prn orders

Answer 18

Given only when the patient requires it

Question 19

Stat orders

Answer 19

Single dose to be given immediately

Question 20

Now orders

Answer 20

Quickly but not right away

Question 21

Ways to apply Topical medications

Answer 21

Insertion of medication into body cavity eg suppository
Direct application of a liquid or ointment eg eyedrops
Instillation of liquid into body cavity eg eye drops
Irrigation of body cavity eg flushing eyes or ears
Spraying meditation into a body cavity

Question 22

Medication errors

Answer 22

Inaccurate prescribing 
Administration of wrong medication 
Wrong route,  time or interval
Extra dosage
Failure to administer a medication

Question 23

Steps to take to prevent medication errors

Answer 23

• Prepare meditation for only one patient at a time
• Follow six rights of medication
• Read and compare labels three times before administration of medication
• Don’t allow any other activity to interrupt administration of medication
• Do not interpret illegible handwriting clarify with health care provider
• Questions unusually large or small doses
• Document all medications as soon as they are given
• Reflection of what went wrong after an error
• Evaluate the context or situation in which medication error occurred
• In service training
• Rest before caring for patients
• Educate patients

Question 24

Parenteral administration

Answer 24

1. Intradermal (ID) Injections into dermis under the epidermis
2. Subcutaneous. Injection into tissue below the dermis of the tissue
3. Intramuscular(IM). Injection to muscle
   4> Intravenous. (IV) Injections to vein

Question 25

Intraosseous

Answer 25

Infusion of the medication directly into the bone marrow

Question 26

Medication administration Technologies to help reduce Medication errors and accuracy

Answer 26

Computerized Prescription Order Entry CPOE
Automated Medication Dispenser AMDs
Bar-code Medication Administration BCMA

Question 27

Guidelines for Telephone/verbal order

Answer 27

• Only done by authorized staff
• Identify the patients name room number and diagnosis
• Read back all the orders to the healthcare provider
• Clarify to reduce misunderstanding
• Write TO or VO with date time date and name of the patient
• Follow agency policy on documentation
• Health care sign the order usually within 24hrs

Question 28

When should you report medication errors

Answer 28

Report all medication errors that reach the patient

Question 29

Patients rights

Answer 29

-Right to be informed of the name purpose and potential undesired effects of the medication
-Refuse medication
-Have qualified nurse/physician
-Advised on experimental nature of medication
-Receive labelled medication safely
-Receive appropriate supportive therapy
-Be informed if medication are for research study
-

Question 30

Nursing assessment before administering medication

Answer 30

• Diet history
• Patients perceptual or coordination problems
• patients current condition
• patient attitude about medication use

Question 31

Who should check all medication orders

Answer 31

Nurses and Pharmacists