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Clinical Medical Assisting > Medication Administration > Flashcards

Medication Administration Flashcards

(100 cards)

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1
Q

Caplet

A

Solid Dosage; Oral; Shaped like a capsule and coated for easy swallowing

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2
Q

Capsule

A

Solid Dosage; Oral; Can be powder, liquid, or oli encased by gelatin shell

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3
Q

Elixir

A

Clear fluid containing water and/or alcohol; Oral; Usually sweetened

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4
Q

Enteric-coated Tablet

A

Tablet; Oral; Coated with materials that do not dissolve in stomach but instead the intestines

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5
Q

Extract

A

Concentrated medication form made by removing active portion of medication from its other components

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6
Q

Glycerite

A

Solution of medication combined with glycerin for external use; contains at least 50% glycerin

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7
Q

Intraocular Disk

A

Small flexible oval consisting of two soft outer layers and middle layer with medication; when moistened by ocular fluid it releases medications for up to one week

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8
Q

Liniment

A

Preparation usually containing alcohol, oil, or soapy emollient that is applied to the skin

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9
Q

Lotion

A

Medication suspended in liquid applied externally

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10
Q

Ointment (Salve)

A

Semisolid preparation, usually containing one or more medications

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11
Q

Paste

A

Semisolid preparation, thicker and stiffer than ointment; absorbed through skin more slowly than ointment

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12
Q

Pill

A

Solid dosage form containing one or more medications, shaped in globules, ovoids, or oblong shapes; (true pills are rarely used because they have been replaced by tablets)

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13
Q

Solution

A

Liquid preparation that may be used orally, parenterally, or externally; contains water with one or more dissolved compounds

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14
Q

Suppository

A

Solid dosage form mixed with gelatin, inserted into body cavity (rectum or vagina); melts when reaches body temperature, releasing medication

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15
Q

Suspension

A

Finely divided drug particles dispersed in liquid medium; when left standing particles settle to the bottom of the container; Oral not intravenous

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16
Q

Syrup

A

Medication dissolved in concentrated sugar solution

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17
Q

Tablet

A

Powdered dosage form compressed into hard shape; contains binders, disintegrators, lubricants, and fillers

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18
Q

Binders

A

adhesive to allow powder to stick together

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19
Q

Disintegrators

A

Promote tablet dissolution

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20
Q

Lubricants

A

ease manufacturing

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21
Q

Tincture

A

Alcohol or water-alcohol based medication solution

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22
Q

Transdermal disk or patch

A

Medication contained within semipermeable membrane disk or patch which allows medications to be absorbed through the skin slowly

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23
Q

Troche

A

Lozenge; flat road dosage form containing medication, flavoring, sugar, and mucilage; dissolves in mouth

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24
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

Study of how medications enter the body, reach their site of action, are metabolized, and exit the body

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25
Absorption
passage of medication molecules into the blood from its site of administration
26
Factors of Absorption
route of administration, ability to dissolve, blood flow to site of administration, body surface area, and lipid solubility of medication
27
Distribution
how medication reaches the body tissues and organs after absorption
28
Factors of Distribution
Circulation, Membrane Permeability, Protein Binding
29
Metabolism
when medication transforms into something easier to excreted
30
Biotransformation
Occurs under the influence of enzymes that detoxify, degrade, and remove biologically active chemicals
31
Excretion
when metabolized medications exit the body via kidneys, liver, bowels, lungs, and exocrine glands
32
Therapeutic Effect
expected or intended physiological response
33
Side Effects
Unintended secondary effects a medication will predictably cause
34
Adverse Effects
Severe responses to medication that will lead to prescriber to discontinuing treatment
35
Idiosyncratic Reactions
Unpredictable effects where pt overreacts or underreacts to a medication
36
Toxic Effects
Develope after prolonged intake or when a medication accumulates in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion; can be lethal depending on medication's action
37
Allergic Reactions
Unpredictable response to a medication; reactions range from mild to severe
38
Anaphylactic Reactions
Sudden constriction of bronchial muscles, edema of pharynx and larynx and severe wheezing and shortness of breath
39
Medication Interactions
When one medications modifies the action of another medication
40
Synergistic effect
effect of two medications combined is greater than the effect of the medications when given separately
41
Peak Concentration
Just before the last of the medication is absorbed
42
Serum half-life
time it takes for excretion processes to lower the serum medication concentration by half
43
AC, ac
before meals
44
ad lib
as desired
45
BID, bid
Twice a day
46
h
hour
47
HS, hs
Hours of sleep
48
PC, pc
after meals
49
prn
whenever there is a need
50
qam
every morning, every am
51
qd, od
every day
52
qh
every hour
53
q2h
every two hours
54
q4h
every 4 hours
55
q6h
every 6 hours
56
q8h
every 8 hours
57
QID, qid
four times a day
58
QOD, qod
Every other day
59
STAT
Immediately
60
TID, tid
three times a day
61
Onset
time it takes after a medication is administered for it to produce a response
62
Peak
Time it takes for a medicaiton to reach its highest effective concentration
63
Trough
Minimum blood serum concentration of medication reached just before the next scheduled dose
64
Duration
Time during which the medication is present in concentration great enough to produce a response
65
Plateau
Blood serum concentration of a medication reached and maintained after repeated fixed doses
66
Sublingual
Oral route where medication is absorbed after being placed under the tongue
67
Buccal
Oral route where medication is placed in the mouth against the mucous membranes of the cheek
68
Parenteral Routes
Injection of medication directly into the body tissue
69
Subcutaneous (SQ)
Injection into tissues just below the dermis
70
Intramuscular (IM)
Injection into a muscle
71
Intravenous (IV)
Injection into a vein
72
Intradermal (ID)
Injection into the dermis just under the epidermis
73
Epidural
Medications administered into the epidural space via a catheter
74
Intrathecal
Administered through a catheter that has been placed into the subarachnoid space or into one of the ventricles of the brain
75
Intraosseous
Infusion of medications directly into the bone marrow
76
Intraperitoneal
Administered into the peritoneal cavity where medications are absorbed into the circulation
77
Intrapleural
Medications are administered through the chest wall and directly into the pleural space
78
Intraarterial
Medications administered directly into the arteries
79
Inhalation Route
Medications administered through nasal passages, oral passages, or tubes that have been placed into the client's mouth to the trachea
80
Intraocular Route
Medications delivered by inserting into the pt's eye
81
Household Conversion: 1 ml
15 drops
82
Household Conversion: 4-5 ml
1 teaspoon
83
Household Conversion: 16 ml
1 tablespoon
84
Household Conversion: 30 ml
2 tablespoons
85
Household Conversion: 240 ml
1 Cup
86
Household Conversion: 480-500 ml
1 Pint
87
Household Conversion: 1 L
1 Quart
88
Household Conversion: 4 L
1 Gallon
89
Dose Calculations
(Dose ordered/Dose on hand) * Amount on hand = Amount to administer
90
Standing Orders/Routine Medications Orders
Carried out until the prescribe cancels or until a prescribed number of days elapse
91
prn Orders
Presciber may order a medication when a client requires it
92
Single Orders
Medication to be given only once at a specified time
93
STAT Order
Single dose to be given immediately and only once
94
Prescriptions
Medications for outside the hospital
95
Intramuscular Angle
90°
96
Subcutaneous
45°
97
Intradermal
15°
98
Vastus Lateralis
Intramuscular site; lacks major nerves and blood vessels; rapid drug absorptions
99
Ventrogluteal
Intramuscular site; Deep site, away from major nerves and blood vessels; less chance of contamination in incontinent clients or infants; Easily identified by prominent bony landmark
100
Deltoid
Intramuscular site; easily accessible but muscle not well developed in most clients; used for small amounts of medications; not used in infants or children with underdeveloped muscles

Clinical Medical Assisting (2 decks)

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