Medication Administration Part 2

Question 1

BID, bid

Answer 1

twice daily or 2 times daily

Question 2

TID, tid

Answer 2

three times daily

Question 3

QID, qid

Answer 3

four times daily

Question 4

QH, qh

Answer 4

every hour

Question 5

1 ounce=

Answer 5

30 mL

Question 6

enteral

Answer 6

GI tract

Question 7

topical

Answer 7

skin

Question 8

parenteral

Answer 8

intadermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous

Question 9

How to properly give a child’s under 3 ear drops

Answer 9

pull the pinna of the ear down and back

Question 10

AC, ac

Answer 10

before meals

Question 11

PC, pc

Answer 11

after meals

Question 12

ad lib

Answer 12

as desired

Question 13

used for medications the patient is to receive prior to surgery or procedures. It means “give it when the operating room calls and tells you to give it.”

Answer 13

“On call”

Question 14

Means “whenever necessary” or “as needed” (i.e. Q4H prn means “as needed” but no more frequently than every four hours)

Answer 14

PRN

Question 15

(i.e. for five days)

Answer 15

Time-limited

Question 16

very important principle related to Prohibited and Error-Prone Abbreviations that you will learn in Pharmacology is the practice of

Answer 16

“no trailing zero after a decimal” and “always use a leading zero before a decimal”

Question 17

are the cheapest and easiest to administer, but this administration is the slowest acting. Can’t use if the patient is unconscious, vomiting, or has certain gastrointestinal problems.

Answer 17

oral

Question 18

PO

Answer 18

by mouth (oral meds)

Question 19

DON’T EVER CRUSH THESE

Answer 19

enteric coated tablets

Question 19

they are manufactured with a coating that prevents them from dissolving and being absorbed until they exit the stomach (they are absorbed in the small intestine).

Answer 19

enteric coated meds

Question 20

Meds that can’t be divided or cut

Answer 20

Capsules

Question 21

Dissolved in water and alcohol, and with flavoring (i.e. cough syrup)

Answer 21

Elixir

Question 22

Medication that is mixed in a liquid but won’t dissolve, so it has to be shaken vigorously before administration

Answer 22

suspension

Question 23

These are medications placed under the tongue, where they are absorbed systemically via the mucous membranes.

Answer 23

Sublingual

Question 24

Placed between cheek and gum

Answer 24

Buccal

Question 25

With topical meds always remember to

Answer 25

remove old patch to prevent overdose

Question 26

In ears, eardrops.

Answer 26

Otic

Question 27

Literally refers to routes other than the GI tract. In practice, it is reserved for the routes that involve injection.

Answer 27

Parenteral

Question 28

Given WITHIN the dermis.

Answer 28

Intradermal: (abbreviated ID)

Question 29

A “shallow” injection in which the needle is inserted below the dermis but not into the muscle.

Answer 29

Subcutaneous: (abbreviated SQ or SC)

Question 30

Injected into muscle

Answer 30

Intramuscular: (abbreviated IM)

Question 31

Whenever parenteral medication is obtained from a glass ampule; a filter needle must be used for drawing up the medication (to catch any small glass particles that may result from breaking the ampule).

Answer 31

Glass ampules

Question 32

Whenever medication is withdrawn from a vial with a rubber stopper, the stopper must be wiped with

Answer 32

an alcohol pad

Question 33

Bottom of the list for priority of patient

Answer 33

pain

Question 34

1 teaspoon (tsp) =

Answer 34

5 milliliters (mL)

Question 35

1 tablespoon (T or tbsp) =

Answer 35

15 milliliters (mL)

Question 36

1 cup =

Answer 36

8 oz or 240 milliliters (mL

Question 37

1 gram (g or gm) =

Answer 37

1,000 milligrams (mg)

Question 38

1 liter (L) =

Answer 38

1,000 milliliters (also 1 quart)

Question 39

The traditional recommendation has been that after inserting the needle, the nurse should pull back on the

Answer 39

plunger (“aspirate”) prior to injecting

Question 40

No aspiration with

Answer 40

subcutaneous injections

Question 41

No aspiration when administering

Answer 41

immunizations

Question 42

Slow (5-10 seconds) aspiration prior to any other

Answer 42

intramuscular injection

Question 43

Subcutaneous injections: Use a

Answer 43

25 gauge or smaller needle that is 3/8 to 5/8 inches long

Question 44

Common sites are the upper arms, abdomen, on the back underneath the shoulder blades (subscapular), anterior thighs, and iliac crest.

Answer 44

subcutaneous

Question 45

Tissue should be “pinched up” and the injection given at

Answer 45

45-90 degrees

Question 46

is the ONLY insulin that can be given intravenously.

Answer 46

Regular insulin

Question 47

Use the right or left side of the abdomen at least 5 cm (2 inches) from the umbilicus and pinch the injection site as you insert the needle.

Answer 47

Low molecular weight heperain

Question 48

Use a 25-27 gauge needle. Hold at 5-15 degrees to the skin and make a “wheal”.

Answer 48

Intradermal Injection

Question 49

given at a 90-degree angle unless the recipient is extremely slender. The maximum amount in a single injection is 4-5 mL depending on the specific injection site and patient size/muscle development (less for children) For most adults (unless extremely thin or extremely obese) use a 21-23 gauge needle that is 1-1.5 inches long.

Answer 49

Intramuscular (IM) Injection

Question 50

Don’t rub or massage the site after injectin

Answer 50

IM injections

Question 51

preferred site for IM injections

Answer 51

ventrotrogluteal site

Question 52

Always used for IM injections that are irritating or stain the skin

Answer 52

Z-track technique