Medications

Question 1

aleve (Naproxen)

Answer 1

• NSAID
• Treats: fever, pain & inflammation
• Reactions: GI issues, kidney impairment, CVA or MI in CVD clients
• Patient Ed: can cause renal failure, caution with aspirin & anticoagulants
• Route: Oral or IV

Question 2

ibuprofen (Advil)

Answer 2

•NSAID
•Treat: fever, pain, inflammation
•Reactions: GI issues, impaired kidney function, increase risk of MI or CVA in CVD clients
• Patient Ed: can cause renal failure, monitor with anticoagulants, alcohol & aspirin

Question 3

acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin)

Answer 3

•NSAID
•Uses: fever, pain, inflammation
•Reactions: GI issues, impaired renal function, risk of MI and CDA in CVD patients
•monitor renal function
•Use cautiously with anticoagulants, alcohol, & aspirin
•low doses (81mg) can interfere with clotting, prevents clots

Question 4

acetaminophen (Tylenol)

Answer 4

•non opioid analgesic
•relieves fever, pain control
•acute toxicity can occur due to overdose
•contraindications: liver disease & allergies
•patient Ed: avoid alcohol, report s/s of liver failure & rash
•Routes: oral, IV, rectal
•maximum dose 4g/24hr or 2g/24hr for Chronic alcoholics

Question 5

lisinopril (Prinivil/Zestril)
enalapril (Vasotec)
captopril (Capofen)

Answer 5

•ACE inhibitor
•Action: leads to vasodilation
•Uses: Hypotension, heart failure, MI
•Reactions: (orthostatic) hypotension, hyperkalemia, impaired renal function, angioedema
•Contraindications: allergies, renal failure/impaired function
•Evaluation/Administration: monitor hyperkalemia with potassium
•Patient Ed: avoid NSAID’s, avoid salt substitutes, asses BP, change positions slowly every 2hrs, report if rash or cough occurs

Question 6

metoprolol (Lopressor/Toprol XL)
carvedilol (Coreg)
propranolol (Inderal)

Answer 6

•Betablockers
•anti hypertensives
•Action: decreases cardiac output, HR, force of contraction, peripheral resistant, cardiac O2 consumption, & slow AV conduction
•Uses: hypotension, angina, tachy dysrhythmia, MI
•Reactions: H.F, stroke, bradycardia, pain, dyspnea, bronchospasm
•Contraindications: HR less than 60, PVD & diabetes mellitus
•Evaluation: give with food, monitor blood glucose, absences if chest pain, HF s/s
•patient Ed: don’t abruptly stop, avoid sudden changes in position, don’t chew/crush XR tabs

Question 7

Heparin sodium

Answer 7

•Anticoagulants
•action: prevents clotting
•uses: pulmonary embolism, CVA, DVT, MI, prosthetic heart valves
•Reactions: hemorrhage, hyperkalemia, hematoma, pain, irritation, thrombocytopenia
•Contraindications: pregnancy, low platelet count, low vitamin K, recent surgery, liver disorders
•Evaluation: avoid IM injections, asses bleeding, alternate sites, no massage
•Patient Ed: report allergies, reaction & bleeding, avoid aspirin,

Question 8

Morphine

Answer 8

•opioid (narcotic)
• Action: changes the way the brain and nervous system views pain
•Uses: relives moderate to severe pain
•Side effects: drowsiness, bradypnea, bradycardia, stomach cramps, dry moth, headache, nausea, constipation,

Question 9

Clopidogrel (Plavix)

Answer 9

•platelet aggregation inhibitor (blood thinner)
•uses: Prevents stroke, MI, and other heart problems
•Action: prevents blood clots
•side effects: diarrhea, headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, nosebleed, abdominal pain
•patient Ed: avoid alcohol

Question 10

finasteride (Proscar/Propecia)

Answer 10

•androgen inhibitor
•urinary retention medication
•can treat enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia) (Proscar)
•can treat men hair loss (Propecia)
•Side effects: decreased sex drive, ejaculation issues,