Medications

Question 1

Hydrochlorothiazide (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, nursing considerations)

Answer 1

Urozide
Thiazide diuretic

Treatment of edema
Does not spare potassium

Need to watch for orthostatic hypertension, fluid rebound, maintenance, of hydration & electrolytes. daily weights

Question 2

Furosemide (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, nursing considerations)

Answer 2

Lasix
Loop diuretic

Treatment of edema
Dumps water, potassium, and sodium

Pt must have a high potassium diet, watch for orthostatic hypertension, fluid rebound, maintenance, of hydration & electrolytes. daily weights

Question 3

Spironolactone (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, nursing considerations)

Answer 3

Aldactone
Potassium sparing diuretic

Treatment for reduced BP and HF
Dumps a lot of water, but not potassium

Pt must be on a low potassium diet, watch for orthostatic hypertension, fluid rebound, maintenance, of hydration & electrolytes. daily weights

Question 4

Atorvastatin (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 4

Lipitor
CoA reductase inhibitor

Lowers LDLs and increases HDLs
Useful in treatment of PAD/PVD

Should be taken at night/bed time

Sudden, unexplained muscle pain - rhabdomyolysis

Question 5

Nitroglycerin (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 5

Nitro-Dur
Nitrates

Dilates all vessels, increases coronary blood flow, treats angina

Sublingual route - may produce a rapid, severe headache

Caution with getting up after administration, should be administered on and off for 12 hour rotations

Question 6

Captopril (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 6

Capoten
ACE inhibitor

Vasodilates and is used as an antihypertensive

Can produce coughing because the med is cycled through the lungs - many pt get annoyed with this symptom and often want to discontinue the med

Always take BP & HR prior to administration to avoid bottoming the BP, pt should always get up slowly

Question 7

Losartan (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 7

Cozar
ARB, antihypertensive

No adverse effects

Always take BP & HR prior to administration to avoid bottoming the BP, pt should always get up slowly

Question 8

Diltiazem (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 8

Cardizem
Calcium channel blocker

Hypertension, angina

Always take BP & HR prior to administration to avoid bottoming the BP, always get up slowly

Question 9

Metoprolol (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 9

Lopressor
Beta blocker

Hypertension, angina, MI prevention

Always take BP & HR before administration to avoid bottoming out BP, always get up slowly

Question 10

Warfarin sodium (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 10

Coumadin
Anticoagulant

prophylaxis and treatment of venous thrombosis

Can administer a vitamin K shot if blood work (INR) comes back too low (worried about bleeding from IM injection)

Need to be in a therapeutic range to receive this drug - blood work must be drawn prior to admin

Question 11

Tinzaparin (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 11

Innohep
Anti-coagulant

Prevention of LVT

Worried about bleeding and injury while on this drug

Blood work must be completed (PT/PPT) to check for different points in the coagulation cascade

Question 12

Acetylsalicylic acid (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 12

Aspirin
Anti-platelet

GI bleeding, PUD

Should not be taken with other NSAIDs

Should continuously assess the BMs through FIT test, pt should be on 8mg for anti-platelet therapy

Question 13

Clopidogel (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 13

Plavix
Anti-platelet

MI, PAD

Question 14

Acetaminophen (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 14

Tylenol
Non-opioid analgesic, anti-pyretic

Treatment of mild to moderate pain

Liver failure/hepatoxicity at doses greater than 4000mg

Must be accompanied by complementary therapies

Question 15

What is the antidote administered for acetaminophen toxicity to prevent liver damage?

Answer 15

Acetylcysteline

Question 16

What would be administered to a patient with critically low INR prior to warfarin sodium admin?

Answer 16

Vitamin K

Question 17

Ibuprofen (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 17

Advil
NSAID

GI bleeding

Safer than Aspirin, must be accompanied by complementary therapies

Question 18

Morphine sulphate (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 18

Morphine
Opioid agonist

Moderate to severe pain management

Decreased respirations, addictive qualities

Naloxone is the antidote, Always assess respirations first (greater than 8), have crash cart close, oxygen available

Question 19

What is the antidote for morphine?

Answer 19

naloxone

Question 20

What must be available and assessed prior to morphine admin?

Answer 20

Respirations (>8), oxygen, naloxone, and crash cart

Question 21

Naloxone (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 21

Narcan
Opioid antagonist

Administered if too much morphine or other narcotics are taken

Question 22

Dimenhydrinate (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 22

Gravol
Anti-emetic

Nausea and vomiting management/prevention

Given to pt as an aid for morphine side effects

Question 23

What med would be administered for morphine side effects?

Answer 23

Gravol

Question 24

Ondansetron (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 24

Zofran
5-HT3 receptor antagonist

Nausea and vomiting, chemotherapy effects

Should be given sub-lingual

Question 25

Gabapentin (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 25

Neurotin Adjuvant pain therapy Treatment of complex pain and neuropathic pain

Question 26

Lidocaine (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 26

Xylocaine Anaesthetic

Question 27

What medication is often joined with epinephrine to create a faster effect to circulation?

Answer 27

Lidocaine

Question 28

Cannabis (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 28

THC/CBD Chronic pain, appetite, seizure control Must know how much the pt is taking, requires an order to administer

Question 29

TENS (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 29

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation Neurogenic pain Electrodes cannot be placed on the head or carotids

Question 30

Midazolam (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 30

Versed Short-acting benzo CNS depression for sedation - may be used as a continuous drip for palliative sedation

Question 31

When would it be appropriate to administer morphine sulphate when respirations are below 8?

Answer 31

Palliative patients due to the double effect

Question 32

Scopolamine (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 32

Hyocine Anti-cholinergic Reduces secretions - may assist in wet cough at end of life care

Question 33

Magnesium & aluminum hydroxide (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 33

Diovol Antacid Treatment for PUD or GERD Will increase the pt's risk of infection Should be taken prior to eating to assist in increasing pH, this med is a SHORT-TERM approach

Question 34

Between pantoprazole and Diovol, which is short term and long term treatment?

Answer 34

Diovol - short term Panto - long term

Question 35

Pantoprazole (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 35

Pantaloc Proton pump inhibitor Binds to H+ to inhibit it from forming acids C-DIFF is high risk with this medication, due to inhibited gastric pH Take prior to eating to increase pH of the stomach, long-term approach

Question 36

Sucralfate (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 36

Sulcrate ulcer protection coats the ulcer with a protective coating Alters digestion and absorption Requires strict adherence and is a short-term approach

Question 37

Sulphasalazine

Answer 37

Azulfidine NSAID Anti-inflammatory for IBD GI bleeding Suppository or enema is best to get to the lower GI quickly

Question 38

Hydrocortisone (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 38

Cortef Corticosteroid Increased risk of infections due to decreased immune response (intensity of the drug) Must be weaned off this drug slowly

Question 39

Loperamide (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 39

Imodium Anti-diarrheal Always think - what is the purpose of admin of this med?

Question 40

Psyllium (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 40

Metamucil Bulk laxative Bulk laxative that pull in more water to help bulk the bMs Pt needs to increase water intake due to water being pulled from GI tract

Question 41

Sennosides (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 41

Senokot Stimulant laxatives

Question 42

Polyethylene glycol (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 42

Lax-a-day Laxative Pt will require continuous hydration and electrolytes

Question 43

Lactulose (trade name, type of drug, purpose/MoA, adverse effects, nursing considerations)

Answer 43

Chronulac Laxative Used on cirrhosis pt to excrete ammonia from the GI system through diarrhea