Medications

Question 0

Drug class for Nitro?

Answer 0

Vasodilator, nitrate, anti-anginal

Question 1

What is trade name for Nitroglycerin?

Answer 1

Nitrolingual

Question 2

What is the dose for Nitro?

Answer 2

0. 4mg spray, q.5min prn. SL

0. 3mg tablet, q. 5min prn. SL

Question 3

What are the indications for Nitro?

Answer 3

Acute Coronary Syndromes

Question 4

What is the mechanism of action for Nitro? (3)

Answer 4

1) decreases preload and after-load to ischemic heart.
2) Decreasing preload decreases starling forces, therefore less forceful contractions.
3) Decreasing after-load decreases vascular resistance

Question 5

What are the contraindications for the use of Nitro?

Answer 5

BP<50bpm

• Use of Phosphodiesterase within 24hrs.
• Right ventricle infarct or BP drop of 30 systolic after 1st admin of nitro.

Question 6

You are about to administer nitro to a pt when you notice that he is wearing a nitro patch. How do you proceed?

Answer 6

Remove the pt’s patch and and administer the medication.

Question 7

What is the drug class for D50W?

Answer 7

Carbohydrate; Hyperglycemic

Question 8

What are the indications for D50W?

Answer 8

• Hypoglycemia

- Unconscious and glucometer is unavailable.

Question 9

What is the adult dose for D50W?

Answer 9

25g (50cc) slow IV push.

Question 10

If you suspect elevated ICP in a pt, how should you proceed with administering D50W?

Answer 10

12g (25cc) slow IV push, then reassess LOC and BGL

Question 11

What is the Paediatric dose for D50W?

Answer 11

0.5-1.0g/kg of D25W, Slow IV push.

Question 12

What is the contraindication for D50W?

Answer 12

-Hyperglycemia

Question 13

What are some precautions for D50W?

Answer 13

• Ensure IV line is patent. D50W can be irritating and necrotic to tissue if pushed interstitially.
• Can cause cerebral edema, therefore caution in pts with increased ICP
• Large bore IV catheter as D50W is Viscous.

Question 14

What drug class is ASA?

Answer 14

anti-platelet

Question 15

What are the indications for ASA?

Answer 15

Acute Coronary Syndromes

Question 16

What is the adult dose for ASA?

Answer 16

160mg-325mg PO, chewed

administer even if pt has already taken ASA.

Question 17

What are some contraindications for ASA? (3)

Answer 17

• Hypersensitivity
• Bleeding disorders
• Unable to follow commands/ Altered LOC

Question 18

What is the MOA of ASA?

Answer 18

• Anit-platelet*
• Anti-pyretic
• Analgesic
• Anti-inflammatory
• Inhibits formation of thromboxane A2 in platelets. Lasts approx 8 days (life of the platelet)

Question 19

What are some precautions for administration of ASA? (3)

Answer 19

• Active ulcer disease
• Asthma (ask if pt has ever taken ASA and if it triggered an asthma attack)
• Impaired renal and hepatic function

Question 20

What is the Generic name for Atrovent?

Answer 20

Ipratroprium Bromide

Question 21

What is the drug class of Atrovent?

Answer 21

Anticholinergic, Parasympatholytic

Question 22

What is the indication for Atrovent?

Answer 22

Bronchospasm, (to be used concurrently with Ventolin)

Question 23

What is the MOA of Atrovent?

Answer 23

-Anticholinergic: blocks parasympathetic response to Ventolin. Acts as an indirect bronchodilator in this sense.

Question 24

What are some precautions to Atrovent?

Answer 24

- Hypersensitivity to soybeans, peanuts/related products - Narrow angle glaucoma - Be careful to avoid contact with eyes

Question 25

What are some side effects of using Atrovent?

Answer 25

- Dry mouth - Tachycardia - Dilated pupils (if contact occurs)

Question 26

What is the adult dose for Atrovent?

Answer 26

250mcg-500mcg Neb. repeat up to 2 times prn

Question 27

What is the Paediatric dose for Atrovent?

Answer 27

5-11yrs old: 125-250mcg Neb. q x2 prn.

Question 28

What are the contraindications for Atrovent?

Answer 28

Hypersensitivity to Atrovent or Atropine.

Question 29

What is the generic name for Ventolin?

Answer 29

Salbutamol

Question 30

What is the drug class for Ventolin?

Answer 30

Beta 2 selective adrenergist agonist

Question 31

Indications for Ventolin?

Answer 31

Bronchospasm

Question 32

Adult dose for ventolin?

Answer 32

2.5-5mg Neb q. 10min prn

Question 33

Ped. dose for Ventolin?

Answer 33

20kg: 2.5-5mg neb.

Question 34

What is the contraindication for Ventolin?

Answer 34

Hypersensitivity

Question 35

MOA of Ventolin?

Answer 35

Beta 2 specific. | Bronchial smooth muscle relaxation

Question 36

Precautions for Ventolin?

Answer 36

- Pts with hx of Acute Coronary Syndrome - Pts with acute heart failure - Cardiac dysrhythmias - Diabetes - Hypokalemia

Question 37

Side effects of Ventolin?

Answer 37

- Tachyarrythmias - Palpitations - Ischemic discomfort - Tremors - Nausea/Vomiting - Pallor

Question 38

What drug class is Glucagon?

Answer 38

Pancreatic hormone; Anti-hypoglycemic

Question 39

Indications for Glucagon?

Answer 39

Hypoglycemia without IV access

Question 40

Adult dose for Glucagon?

Answer 40

1mg/unit IM q15-20min, prn. (must be reconstituted)

Question 41

Paediatric dose for Glucagon?

Answer 41

<5yrs old, 0.5mg, IM

Question 42

Contraindications to Glucagon?

Answer 42

- Hypersensitivity - Pheochromocytoma - Hypersensitivity to pork or beef - Hyperglycemia

Question 43

MOA of Glucagon?

Answer 43

-Breaks down hepatic glycogen stores to increase BGL.

Question 44

Precautions of Glucagon use?

Answer 44

- Proceed with caution in pts with hx of acute coronary syndromes. - Glucagon may not be effective in pts who are malnourished.

Question 45

Side effects of Glucagon?

Answer 45

-Increased HR, Hypertension