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EM Oral Boards > Medications > Flashcards

Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Epinephrine (CODE)

A

1mg IV/IO of 1:10,000

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2
Q

Vasopressin (CODE)

A

40 units

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3
Q

Amiodarone (CODE)

A

300 mg IV/IO; additional dose is 150mg once

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4
Q

Lidocaine (CODE)

A

1 to 1.5 mg/kg; can repeat up to 3 doses (total of 3mg/kg)

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5
Q

Atropine (for bradycardia)

A

0.5mg IV (can repeat up to total of 3mg);

techincally max of 0.04mg / kg

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6
Q

Epinephrine for Bradycardia

A

Epinephrine gtt (2-10mcg/min)

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7
Q

Dopamine for Bradycardia

A

Dopamine gtt (2-10mcg/kg/min)

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8
Q

Adenosine

A

6mg IVP; repeat 12mg IVP x 2

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9
Q

Magnesium for Polymorphic VT / Torsades de Points

A

1-2 gm over 5-6 minutes then infusion

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10
Q

Amiodarone for VT with PUlses

A

150 mg IV over 10 minutes, repeat if ineffective; then if for maintenance 1mg/min infusion x6 hours followed by 0.5mg/min over 18 hours

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11
Q

Diltiazem (control of SVT or AFib with RVR)

A

0.25mg/kg followed by 0.35mg/kg if no response after 10 minutes
maintenance rate is 5 - 15 mg/hr

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12
Q

Atenolol (for SVT or AFib)

A

5mg slow IV over 5 minutes; if tolerated can do second dose 5mg slow IV over 5 minutes

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13
Q

Metaprolol (for SVT or AFib)

A

5mg solw IV over 5 minutes; repeat up to 15mg total as tolerated

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14
Q

Propranolol (for SVT or AFib)

A

0.1 mg/kg slow IV push divided into 3 doses at 2-3 minute intervals

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15
Q

Atropine (for asystole and slow PEA)

A

1mg IV push for asystolic and slow PEA; can repeat in 3-5 minutes if persistent;

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16
Q

Epinephrine Infusion (anaphylaxis)

A

2-10 mcg/min infusion

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17
Q

Norepinephrine (hypotension)

A

alpha and betareceptor stimulating actions; vasoconstrictor and inotropic agent
severe hypotension
initial dose 0.5 - 1 mcg/min; start at 5mcg/min most often
max at 30 mcg/min

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18
Q

Vasopressin (hypotension)

A

0.03 units/min; max 0.1 units/min

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19
Q

Dobutamine

A

catecholamine and inotropic agent; increases myocardial contractility and decrease left ventricular filling pressure
used in severe systolic heart failure
2 - 20 mcg/kg/min infusions

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20
Q

Nitroglycerin sublingual

A

one tablet is 0.4mg; can repeat at 3-5 minute intervals for angina

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21
Q

Nitroglycerin IV for CHF

A

loading 50-100 mcg/min for 1-5 minutes
infusion 50-200mcg/min titrated by 40mcg.min
max 200mcg/min

22
Q

Esmolol for Aortic Dissection

A

negative inotropie/chronotrope (beta blocker)
used for HR control
loading: 500mcg/kg IV over 1 minute
infusion 50 mcg/kg/mmin; max 300 mcg/kg/min

23
Q

Labetalol for Aortic Dissection

A

negative inotrope and arterial vasodilator
loading dose: 20mg IV over 2 minutes
infusion 2-8mg/min titrate by 0.5mg/min

24
Q

CHF Exacerbation with signs of shock and MAP > 65 or SBP > 90

A

use dobutamine infusion
2.5 mcg/kg/min IV
max 20 mcg/kg/min

25
Q

CHF Exacerbation with signs of shock and MAP < 65mmHg

A

start vasopressor therapy
Norepi: 0.05mcg/kg/min IV start
Epi: 1-2 mcg/kg/min start
Dobutamein: 5 mcg/kg/min IV start;

26
Q

Nicardipine (hypertensive emergency)

A

goal decrease 20-25%

5mg/hr; titrate by 2.5mg/hr

27
Q

Labetalol (hypertensive emergency)

A

loading dose 20mg IV
double dose at 10 minute intervals
infusion 2-8 mg;/hr

28
Q

tPA for Stroke

A

0.9mg/kg IV max 90mg

bolus 10% of tPA over 1 minute; remaining over 60 minutes

29
Q

Mannitol (for ICP / herniation signs)

A

1g/kg IV bolus Mannitol 20%

30
Q

Hypertonic Saline (IC / herniation)

A

250 cc over 20-30 min

or 3ml/kg

31
Q

Levetiracetam

A

loading dose 20mg/kg

repeat dose 500-1000mg every 12 hours

32
Q

Phenytoin / Fosphenytoin

A

20 mg/kg for both
max rate 50 mg/min in phenytoin
for fosphenytoin its over 60 minues

33
Q

Status Epilepticus Plan

A

Simultaneous Benzo and Anticonvulsant
lorazepam 4mg / diazepam 5-10mg / midazolam 10mg
Fosphenytoin 20mg/kg or phenytoin 20mg/kg or valproic acid 20-30 mg/kg
if after 20 minutes no response must intubate; tx for EEG monitoring; propofol or phenobarbital

34
Q

Pantoprazole

A

UGIB: 80 mg bolus

if infusion 8mg/hr

35
Q

Octreotide (UGIB with varices)

A

50mcg IV bolus

36
Q

Somatostatin (UGIB varices)

A

loading 250 mcg IV bolus

37
Q

Enoxaparin

A

1mg/kg SQ

38
Q

Rivaroxaban

A

loading 15mg PO bid 3 weeks then 20mg PO daily

39
Q

Hemophilia A Bleeding

A

Factor VIII Deficient
IU = kg x desired % increased x 0.5
severe bleeding always 100%

40
Q

Hemophilia B Bleeding

A

Factor IX Deficient

IU = 100 IU x kg

41
Q

Calcium Gluconate

A

for hyperkalemia
10% calcium
give 3 amps (30ml) IV at 1.5 mL/minute

42
Q

Epinephrine Anaphylaxis

A 
0.01mg/kg IM of 1:1000 epinephrine
typical dose is 0.3mg IM; can be repeated at q5-10
epipen is 0.3mg
fluids 1-2 liter
epi infusion 1-2 mcg/min
43
Q

Eclampsia Treatment

A

magnesium 4-6 mg IV bolus over 15-20 minutes for seizures

hydralazine for BP: give 5-10 mg IV

44
Q

tPA massive PE

A

definition SBP < 90 for 15 in

alteplase 10mg IV bolus then infusion of 90 mg over 2 hours

45
Q

albuterol for asthma

A

nebulized solution continuous 20-25 mg/hr

intermittent is 2.5-5mg q20 minutes x 3 doses

46
Q

propofol

A

procedural sedation: 1mg/kg; repeat 0.5mg/kg q5 min

continuous sedation: 5-80 mcg/kg/min

47
Q

etomidate

A 
RSI: 0.3mg/kg (often 20mg used)
procedural sedation (cardioversion): 0.1mg/kg
48
Q

ketamine

A

RSI: 1-2 mg/kg IV
or 4-10 mg/kg IM
procedural sedation 1mg/kg

49
Q

Naloxone

A

0.4mg IV up to 2mg total

50
Q

Succinylcholine

A

depolarizing agent

1-1.5 mg/kg

51
Q

Rocuronium

A

non depolarizing

0.6-1.2 mg/kg (often use 70mg)

52
Q

Fentanyl for Sedation

A

25-250mcg/hr

EM Oral Boards (1 decks)

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