Medications for Surgery Floor Flashcards

Question

dimenhydrinate risk

Answer 1

sedation; limited anti-emetic effect

Answer 2

treats diarrhea by slowing passage of food through the gut

Answer 3

sedation; combine with atropine wot prevent abuse

Answer 4

can be used in combination with other anti-diarrhea to reduce output but not if C.difficile positive

Answer 5

prevents & treats constipation (hard stools), especially associated with opioid use

Answer 6

facilitates stomach emptying and movement of food through the small bowel

Answer 7

not effective for lower GI motility problems; doesn't readily cross BBB to the extent metoclopramide does, so causes less CNS effects (good for patients with Parkinsons

Answer 8

evacuates contents of bowels prior to surgery via an osmotic effect

Answer 9

large volume of bad tasting solution

Answer 10

same as domperidone via different mechanism; also treats gram positive and atypical bacterial infections

Answer 11

not effective for lower GI motility problems; important interactions with numerous medications

Answer 12

treats many fungal infections

Answer 13

oral and IV doses equivalent on a mg:mg basis

Answer 14

same as ciprofloxacin

Answer 15

nephrotoxic; ototoxic; IV only; drug levels for prolonged (> 5 days) therapy

Answer 16

drug level = 10-15 minutes before 3rd dose (trough) and 10-15 minutes after 3rd dose (peak)

Answer 17

prevents adrenal crisis in patients on long term steroid therapy who require surgery

Answer 18

short-acting; hyperglycemia, delayed wound healing, infection

Answer 19

sedation; pruritus; hallucinations

Answer 20

hydromorph 1mg PO = morphine 5 mg PO

Answer 21

may open capsules, but do not crush, to give down tubes

Answer 22

same as amoxicillin-clavulonate

Answer 23

can react with penicillins (10-50% risk); seizures at high doses

Answer 24

GI bleeding, nephrotoxicity, ASA cross-reaction can occur

Answer 25

prevents/treats symptoms of GERD

Answer 26

same as diphenoxylate-atropine (treats diarrhea)

Answer 27

less risk than diphenoxylate-atropine (Lomotil)

Answer 28

often confused with diphenoxylate-atropine (lomotil); doesn't readily cross the BBB; not to use if C.diff +

Answer 29

prevents symptoms of alcohol withdrawal; also used to treat insomnia and relieve anxiety

Answer 30

withdrawal; amnesia; sedation; habituation

Answer 31

same as imipenem-cilastin (antibiotic)

Answer 32

same as domperidone (facilitates stomach emptying )

Answer 33

avoid in patients with Parkinsonism and seizure disorders

Answer 34

treats many anaerobic infections

Answer 35

metallic taste; allergic reactions

Answer 36

used Q12H for surgery patients but Q8H for C.diff; oral preferred but IV effective for C. diff

Answer 37

same as hydromorph

Answer 38

short acting (Q3H dosing may be required); toxic metabolite

Answer 39

same as hydromorphine

Answer 40

same as hydromorphone with a toxic metabolite

Answer 41

gold standard opioid which others are compared against

Answer 42

same as hydromorphone

Answer 43

same as morphine

Answer 44

equivalent to morphine ER but can not be given via tubes

Answer 45

same as hydromorph

Answer 46

same as hydromoprhone

Answer 47

capsules may be opened but not crushed to give via tubes

Answer 48

treats some fungal infections, primarily candida (thrush) of the oral cavity; also may be used around ostomy sites

Answer 49

not absorbed orally so minimal toxicity; not effective against all fungi

Answer 50

should be given after meals to maximize contact time with mucosa

Answer 51

prevents complications (fistula, abscess formation) after pancreatic surgery; also decreases diarrhea from some kinds of GI tumours; also reduces ostomy output after GI surgery

Answer 52

may be blunt GI mucosal adaptation if given early after major bowel resection; long term use may increase risk of gallstone formation; hyperglycemia

Answer 53

preferred route is SQ as IV has a shorter duration of action

Answer 54

used when longer-term therapy with octreotide is anticipated

Answer 55

for IM use only - given once monthly (onset = 2 weeks); overlap recommended)

Answer 56

prevents nausea and vomiting, especially postoperatively

Answer 57

better for acute N&V (<48hrs) than delayed type N&V

Answer 58

same as lansoprazole; pantoprazole iv infusion used to treat upper GI bleeding

Answer 59

not indicated for patients already on ranitidine

Answer 60

treats nausea/vomiting, especially associated with medication use

Answer 61

dystonic reactions (severe neck stiffness); extrapyramidal symptoms, especially if used with metoclopramide

Answer 62

may be used with other anti-emetics (avoid metoclopramide) to control postoperative nausea and vomiting

Answer 63

same as lansoprazole except less effective

Answer 64

confusion in patients with renal impairment

Answer 65

same as bisacodyl (constipation)

Answer 66

same as electrolyte lavage solution; also used as an enema for constipation/obstipation

Answer 67

two-dose oral bowel cleansing regimens associated with electrolyte abnormalities

Answer 68

more electrolyte disturbances than with electrolyte lavage solution

Answer 69

same as cefazolin (antibiotic)

Answer 70

nausea, allergic reactions, hyperkalemia

Answer 71

provides nutritional needs when the gut is being rested or is unavailable secondary to disease/surgery

Answer 72

hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, electrolyte disturbances, liver toxicity, infections

Answer 73

slow initiation is recommended in malnourished patients "re-feeding syndrome"; taper on discontinuation; D10% may be used if TPN unavailable; avoid peripheral TPN

Answer 74

treats clots by preventing their growth and forming thrombi

Answer 75

bleeding, hair loss, lab monitoring

Answer 76

vitamin K reverses effect; may use vitamin K injection for oral doses; high doses (>5mg) of vitamin K can cause warfarin resistance

Answer 77

same as lorazepam

Answer 78

alternative sedation if benzos ineffective

Medications for Surgery Floor Flashcards

(104 cards)