Medicine Flashcards
(33 cards)
DVLA instructions after an MI?
cannot drive for 4w
how does aspirin work?
- COX inhibitor
- stops platelet aggregation
what is a capture beat on ECG?
a normal QRS complex between broad VT complexes
where does furosemide act?
on the thick, ascending limb of loop of henle
how do statins work?
inhibit HMG CoA reductase
causes of AF?
- pneumonia
- MI
- HF
- PE
- hyperthyroidism
- alcohol excess
- endocarditis
commonest causative organism in infective endocarditis?
viridans streptococci (staph aureus in IVDU)
why is a urine dip needed in infectious endocarditis?
to look for microscopic haematuria
signs of aortic regurgitation?
- early diastolic murmur
- collapsing pulse
- wide pulse pressure
- displaced apex beat
- quincke’s sign = nailbed pulsation
- de musset’s sign = bead bobbing
how is infective endocarditis diagnosed definitively?
3 blood cultures from 3 sites taken at 3 different times
risk factors for infective endocarditis?
- IVDU
- prosthetic valve
- PDA
- VSD
- aortic or mitral disease
extra-articular signs of rheumatoid arthritis?
- scleritis
- episcleritis
- lymphadenopathy
- vasculitis
- anaemia
- splenomegaly
- neutropenia
- (felty syndrome)
precipitants of gout?
- surgery
- starvation
- dehydration
- alcohol
- trauma
- infection
- aspirin
- purine-rich foods (seafood)
investigation for gout / pseudogout?
polarised light microscopy of the synovial fluid
crystal responsible for pseudogout?
calcium pyrophosphate
risk factors for pseudogout?
- hyperparathyroidism
- haemochromatosis
- osteoarthritis
- ageing
- wilson’s disease
rash seen in antiphospholipid syndrome?
livedo reticularis
causes of raynaud’s phenomenon?
- raynaud’s syndrome
- SLE
- rheumatoid arthritis
- dermatomyositis
- polymyositis
- polycythaemia vera
- beta blocker use
key complication of psoriatic arthritis?
arthritis mutilans
features of acromegaly?
- thick, spade-like hands
- increased armspan
- frontal bossing
- wide-spaced teeth
- obstructive sleep apnoea
- macroglossia
example of a cANCA +ve small vessel vasculitis?
churg-strauss syndrome
example of a cANCA -ve small vessel vasculitis?
henoch-schonlein purpura
example of a medium vessel vasculitis?
kawasaki disease
preferred antibody to test in pernicious anaemia?
intrinsic factor antibodies
