Medicine

Question 1

Pulmonary oxygen toxicity is an inflammatory response in the airway and lungs caused by?

Answer 1

A high PPO2
Above 0.6

Question 2

Pulmonary Toxicity becomes a risk when O2 is breathes in excess of?

Answer 2

0.6bar for a prolonged period

Question 3

Symptoms of Pulmonary Toxicity are

Answer 3

• Tickling Cough
• Substernal burning
• No Coughing - uncontrollably
  Acute respiratory distresse syndrome

Question 4

UPTD limits in 24 hours

Answer 4

1425 units

Question 5

When is CNS likely to occur?

Answer 5

There is no fixed O2 exposure at which CNS O2 ( Acute O2 Toxicity) becomes apparent

Question 6

Signs and Symptoms of CNS:

Answer 6

V.E.N.T.I.D
Vision( tunnel)
Ears (ringing)
Nausea
Twitching
Irritability
Dizziness
Convulsions

Question 7

HPNS stands for?

Answer 7

High Pressure Nervous Sydrome

Question 8

HPNS is brought on by:

Answer 8

Fast compression rates to depth( rule of thumb the deeper you dive the slower the compression)

Question 9

Symptoms of HPNS are:

Answer 9

Coarse tremors
Un coordination
Jerky movements
Disorientation
Convulsions

Question 10

Hypercapnia ( high levels of CO2 in your blood) causes:

Answer 10

-Increases work load
-Over breathing a hat
-Pre existing medical condition
-Failure of CO2 absorption
-large dead space
- CO2 in gas mix

Question 11

What is a PFO

Answer 11

Patent Foramen Ovale
( hole in the heart between left and right ventricles)

Question 12

What does pressurised gas de solve into?

Answer 12

The Blood Plasma

Question 13

Is it true that chest pain is gastritis

Answer 13

True

Question 14

A ventilator is part of the DMAC 028 list

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Hypothermia occurs when the body core drops to below?

Answer 15

35°C

Question 16

After a Pulmonary Barotrauma, a diver may not return to diving before?

Answer 16

At least 3Months after full recovery

Question 17

A vestibular bend is most likely to occur in which of the following has exchanges?

Answer 17

Gas to Air

Question 18

Complete Nitrogen de saturation takes

Answer 18

24 hours

Question 19

Pain only DCI

Answer 19

Skin: itchy and or Rash
Joint: painful at site
Muscle: localised at site

Question 20

Serious DCI Spinal, Cerebral, Vestibular
( within 20minutes of surfacing)

Answer 20

Numbness or tingling
Weakness or Paralysis
Girdle pain
Loss of bladder control
Headache and Dizziness
Hearing difficulties
Confused
Personal change
Paralysis down one side
Collapse
NOTE: pain in the mid thigh may indicate Spinal DCI

Question 21

Vestibular DCI

Answer 21

Vertigo
Nausea
Dizziness
Hearing loss
Nystagmus

Question 22

If a diver is involved in an uncontrolled accent.

Answer 22

Treat for AGE

Question 23

Serious DCI and AGE present themselves,

Answer 23

Shortly after the diver has surfaced

Question 24

Treatment for a DCI or AGE

Answer 24

Recompress according to company policy.
Place on Bibs
Conduct Neurological examination as early as possible

Question 25

Hyperthermia starts at, what temperature and what are the symptoms? How would you treat them?

Answer 25

39°C Headache Dizziness Nausea Lethargic Low blood pressure Raised pulse Treatment: Cool Rehydrate Rest

Question 26

Hypothermia onset, symptoms and treatment

Answer 26

35°C Speech impaired Fixes ideas Sluggish reactions Confusion Amnesia Treatment: Rewarm slowly Space blanket/ body heat O2 IV

Question 27

Heat Stroke symptoms and treatment

Answer 27

Skin dry Skin hot to touch Flushed face Dilated pupils Weakness Convulsions Pulse rapid and weak Shallow rapid breathing Treatment: Immediately cool IV Cooling packs

Question 28

Barotrauma

Answer 28

Pressure Injury

Question 29

Aural Barotruama

Answer 29

Middle ear Squeeze: Blocked eustachian tubes Burst eardrum

Question 30

Subcutaneous Emphysema

Answer 30

Gas trapped under the skin around the neck, shoulders and armpits SYMPTOMS: Puffiness around the neck, horse voice, crepitus

Question 31

Mediastinal Emphysema

Answer 31

Gas trapped in space between the heart and lungs and trachea SYMPTOMS: Difficulty breathing, pain behind sternum, hoarse voice

Question 32

Pneumothorax

Answer 32

Punctured lung, gas leaking from the lung into the chest cavity SYMPTOMS: Chest pain, restricted breathing and chest movement TREATMENT: STOP Decompression give raises O2 on bids DONOT RECOMPRESS UNLESS LIFE THREATENING

Question 33

Tension Pneumothorax

Answer 33

Symptoms: Chest pain, restricted breathing, deviated Trachea Treatment: Stop decompressing Put on Bibs O2 Chest drain

Question 34

OXYGEN TOXICITY Hyperoxia ( too much 02) CNS(Acute)

Answer 34

Cause by breathing O2 with PP02 1.6bar and above SYMPTOMS: Vision Ears Nausea Irritability Dizziness Convulsions TREATMENT: Remove bibs Stop decompression Check for injury Protect airway Protect from self harm

Question 35

OXYGEN TOXICITY Pulmonary(Chronic) Breathing O2 for long periods above 0.6bar or 600mb

Answer 35

Symptoms: Tickly cough Dry irritated Tight chest Burning sensation in lungs Persistent dry cough Painful finger tips Shortness of breathe TREATMENT: Remove Bibs Observe patient Check Neurological state

Question 36

Hypoxia ( partial lack of O2)

Answer 36

PPO2 less than 16%, 0.16bar or 160mb SYMPTOMS: Cyanosis( blue fingers and earlobes) Breathlessness Increased heart rate

Question 37

What is the purpose of decompression in treatment of a arterial gas embolism(AGE)

Answer 37

To reduce the size of the bubble causing the embolism