Medicine

Question 1

Indication for renal replacement therapy?

Answer 1

AOUEI
A: Refractory Acidosis
O: Refractory fluid overload
U: Uremic encephalopathy/ pericarditis
E: Refractory hyperkalemia
I: Intoxication

Question 2

Obese, black, HIV, Heroin use. DDx ?

Answer 2

Focal segmental Glomerloscelorosis

Question 3

Sensorineural hearing loss + Ocular findings (lenticonus) In presence of family Hx of ESRD
DDx?

Answer 3

Alport syndrome

Question 4

Causes of glomerulonephritis associated with low serum complements ?

Answer 4

• Post-infectious glomerulonephritis
• Subacute bacterial infection, especially endocarditis
• Systemic lupus erythematosus
• Cryoglobulinemia
• Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

Question 5

Drugs causing high K level ?

Answer 5

β blockers
ACE inhibitors
ARBs
Calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporine)
Spironolactone
Eplerenone
Amiloride
Heparin
NSAIDs

Question 6

Rapid correction of hyponatremia may cause ?

Answer 6

Osmotic demyelination syndrome (previously known as central pontine myelinolysis)

Question 7

Rapid correction of hypernatremia may cause ?

Answer 7

Cerebral edema

Question 8

Aspirin overdose, electrolytes disturbances ?

Answer 8

Respiratory alkalosis followed by metabolic acidosis

Question 9

Do not treat asymptomatic UTI unless … ?

Answer 9

1. pregnant
2. post transplant
3. will have urological procedure

Question 10

Old Crab, multiple myeloma mnemonic ?

Answer 10

Old: old age
C: elevated calcium
R: renal failure
A: anemia
B: bone lytic lesion + back pain

Question 11

Anti- diabetic medication safe in renal disease ?

Answer 11

DDP-4 inhibitors: linagliptin

Question 12

Mentzer index: MCV/RBC. If the index is more than 13, DDx ?

Answer 12

Iron deficiency Anemia

Question 13

Mentzer index: MCV/RBC. If the index is less than 13, DDx ?

Answer 13

Beta-Thalassemia

Question 14

Exchange Transfusion indications, in Acute chest syndrome ?

Answer 14

• Previous history of severe ACS or cardiopulmonary disease.
• Multilobar disease (>1 lobe affected) on chest imaging.
• Progression of ACS despite simple transfusion.
• Severe hypoxemia (SaO2 ≤85 percent or PaO2 ≤55 mm Hg).
• Declining SpO2 readings despite increasing oxygen delivery.

Question 15

The most common organism associated with aplastic crisis ?

Answer 15

Parvovirus B-19

Question 16

The most common inherited bleeding disorder ?

Answer 16

Von Willebrand disease (autosomal dominant)

Question 17

Destruction of vWF Due to Severe Aortic Stenosis, DDx ?

Answer 17

Heyde’s Syndrome

Question 18

Exercise induced asthma, Tx ?

Answer 18

SABA 30 min before exercise

Question 19

Improve survival in COPD patients ?

Answer 19

1. Smoking cessation
2. Vaccination
3. Home oxygen therapy if indicated

Question 20

Which COPD medication decrease mucus secretion ?

Answer 20

SAMA: ipratropium bromide

Question 21

Best way to deliver oxygen in COPD patient ?

Answer 21

Venturi bag

Question 22

Lung nodule composed of calcium and fat, DDx ?

Answer 22

Hamartoma

Question 23

Most common cause of hospital acquired pneumonia and ventilation associated pneumonia ?

Answer 23

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 24

How long do the patches of lobar pneumonia disappear in CXR ?

Answer 24

6 wks

Question 25

Contraindication for thoracocentesis ?

Answer 25

Pleural effusion less then 1 cm / 10 mm

Question 26

Pneumoconiosis associated with TB ?

Answer 26

Silicosis

Question 27

Velcro like breathing, DDx ?

Answer 27

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Question 28

SLE drugs contraindicated during pregnancy ?

Answer 28

Methotrexate Leflunamide Cyclophosphamide Mycophenolate Mofetil

Question 29

MC medication known to cause drug induced lupus ?

Answer 29

Hydralazine

Question 30

RA with CXR nodule, DDx ?

Answer 30

Caplan syndrome

Question 31

Clinical triad consisting of arthritis, splenomegaly, and neutropenia, DDx ?

Answer 31

Felty syndrome

Question 32

Limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis, CREST mnemonic ?

Answer 32

C: Calcinosis R: Raynauds E: Esophageal dismottility S: Sclerodactyly T: Telangiectasia

Question 33

Triad: 1- Skin lesions (purpura or nodules) 2- Asymmetric mononeuritis multiplex 3- Eosinophilia

Answer 33

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Question 34

Target BP in ischemic stroke is ?

Answer 34

220/120

Question 35

Poorly controlled HTN, MC site of bleeding ?

Answer 35

1. Basal ganglia 2. Pons 3. Cerebellum

Question 36

MC cause of seizure attack in epilepsy ?

Answer 36

Low AED level

Question 37

2 Drugs increase seizure frequency ?

Answer 37

Bupropion and fluoroquinolone

Question 38

Best Tx for trigeminal neurolagia ?

Answer 38

Carbamazepine

Question 39

Medication induce parkinsonism ?

Answer 39

1. Metoclopramide 2. Haloperidol 3. Methyldopa

Question 40

Meningitis after swimming, organism ?

Answer 40

Naegleria fowleri

Question 41

IHD mortality reduction medications?

Answer 41

1-Aspirin 2-Beta blocker 3-ACE inhibitors 4-Statin

Question 42

HF mortality reduction medications?

Answer 42

1. ACE 2. BB 3. Hydralazine 4. Spironolactone

Question 43

Most frequently associated congenital heart disease with infective endocarditis?

Answer 43

VSD

Question 44

MC murmur in rheumatic heart disease?

Answer 44

Mitral stenosis

Question 45

Pistol shot sound, DDx?

Answer 45

Aortic regurgitation

Question 46

Anti diabetic medication reduce mortality?

Answer 46

SGLT-2

Question 47

Most important prognostic factor in chronic liver disease?

Answer 47

Prothrombin

Question 48

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (CD4<200), Mx?

Answer 48

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX)