Medicine Flashcards
(33 cards)
What years were the Medieval period?
1250-1500
What years were the Renaissance period?
1500-1700
What years were the Industrial period?
1700-1900
What years are modern Britain?
1900-present
What are some Supernatural beliefs in Medieval England?
astrology - allignment of stars and planets considered important to diagnose diseases
religion - give a sum of money each month to the Church (tithe), Church used religion to answer questions about disease, thought being ill was a punishment from God
What was the most common belief for the cause of disease?
the theory of the four humours
What were the 4 humours?
black bile, yellow bile, phlegm, blood
What was miasma?
bad smells from rotting things in the air and sewage caused disease
Give 2 ideas about causing disease by individuals in the Medieval Period.
- Church promoted the 4 humours
- the Church didn’t like change
- Church did not approve of human dissection
What are some humoural approaches to treatment and prevention?
cutting open veins
purging - patients were given laxatives
applying leeches
What are some spiritual/astrological approaches to treatment and prevention?
lighting candles
fasting
touching holy relics
using charms
saying spells
What were some practical approaches to treatment and prevention in the Medieval Period?
herbal remedies
sick people had to smell herbs
warm baths to dissolve blockages in humours
different food prescribed for balancing humours
What were some general treatments in the Medieval Period?
rubbing raw chicken on open wounds
praying
bleeding
cutting off limbs
How many hospitals were in England by 1500?
roughly 1100
What did hospitals do in the Medieval period?
offered “hospitality” to travellers and pilgrims. they didn’t treat the sick
True or false: infectious and terminal patients were allowed in hospitals.
False
they were rejected because praying could not help
What were the main methods of care for the sick in the Medieval Period?
being cared for at home
physicians - only treated the wealthy, didn’t perform operations
apothecaries - only for rich people
barber surgeons - they were on the battlefields
How did physicians treat their patients?
looked at urine, faeces and blood samples.
consulted astronomical charts
applied humoural treatments
How did physicians train?
they had a medical degree for 7-10 years at university
What were some methods of preventing disease in the Medieval Period?
praying regularly
regularly purging
not eating too much
spreading sweet smelling herbs
carrrying bunches of flowers
What were 3 reasons for continuity in the Medieval Period?
church - believed disease was a punishment, people followed the Church
4 humours - unbalanced humours made you ill, it was logical
lack of scientific understanding - no technology or decent science
What year was Germ Theory discovered?
1861 - the industrial period
Who developed Germ Theory?
Louis Pasteur
Who expanded Germ Theory?
Robert Koch
