Medicine

Question 1

synovial fluid analysis

Answer 1

gram stain and culture, cell count, crystal analysis, cytology
inflammatory - clear and yellow, low viscosity, WBC 2k-80k - PMNs about 50%
infectious - cloudy and yellow, WBC > 1000k - PMNs over 75%

Question 2

CSF fluid analysis

Answer 2

normal - clear, pressure 10, WBC < 5, glucose 50, protein 50,
viral - clear, pressure 20, WBC < 1000, glucose nl, protein < 100
bacterial - cloudy, pressure > 30, WBC > 1000, glucose < 50, protein > 100

Question 3

thyrotoxicosis

Answer 3

propranolol, PTU, methimazole, dexamethasone, iodine

Question 4

HACE Tx

Answer 4

dexamethasone, descent

Question 5

HAPE Tx

Answer 5

nifedipine, descent

Question 6

DIC Tx

Answer 6

transfusion of RBC, Plt, FFP

Question 7

ITP Tx

Answer 7

adults - steroids

kids - IVIG

Question 8

TTP Tx

Answer 8

plasmapharesis

Question 9

HSP Tx

Answer 9

steroids

Question 10

Kawasaki Tx

Answer 10

ASA, IVIG

Question 11

Tetanus Tx

Answer 11

tetanus IG, tetanus toxoid
benzos for spasms
airway management, paralysis
metronidazole
surgical debridement

Question 12

Rabies Tx

Answer 12

rabies IG, rabies vacc (+4 days)

Question 13

Cholinergic Tox Tx

Answer 13

atropine, 2-PAM

Question 14

Anticholinergic Tox Tx

Answer 14

physostigmine

Question 15

Salicylates Tox Tx

Answer 15

bicarb bolus and gtt

hemodynamic worsening, organ failure - dialysis

Question 16

TCA Tox Tx

Answer 16

bicarb for wide QRS

Question 17

Acetaminophen Tox Tx

Answer 17

NAC - 140 mg/kg loading dose

treat if 4 hour level is > 140 mg/kg

Question 18

Lead Tox Tx

Answer 18

BAL, EDTA

Question 19

Cyanide Tox Tx

Answer 19

amyl nitrite
sodium nitrite
sodium thiosulfate

Question 20

Methanol Tox Tx

Ethlyene Glycol Tox

Answer 20

ethanol
fomepizole
dialysis

Question 21

Iron Tox Tx

Answer 21

Deferoximine, Whole bowel irrigation

Question 22

Isoniazid Tox Tx

Answer 22

vitamin B6

Question 23

Carbon Monoxide Tox Tx

Answer 23

O2, Hyperbarics

Question 24

Calcium Channel Blocker Tox Tx

Answer 24

calcium, glucagon

Question 25

BB Tox Tx

Answer 25

glucagon

Question 26

anterior cord syndrome

Answer 26

loss of distal motor, pain, temperature

Question 27

central cord syndrome

Answer 27

decreased motor, pain, temperature | upper greater than lower

Question 28

brown sequard

Answer 28

ipsilateral loss of motor, proprioception, vibration | contralateral loss of pain, temperature

Question 29

indication for surgery if hemothorax

Answer 29

> 1500 cc, > 300 cc / 4 hours

Question 30

SIRS criteria

Answer 30

temp > 38 or <36 HR > 90 RR > 20 WBC > 12, <4, 10% bands

Question 31

MUDPILES | Anion Gap Acidosis

Answer 31

``` methanol uremia DKA Paralydehyde Iron, Isoniazid Lactic Acidosis Ethanol, Ethylene Glycol Salicylates, Starvation ```

Question 32

Anion Gap

Answer 32

Sodium - Chloride - Bicarb | < 15 is normal

Question 33

Osmol Gap

Answer 33

(1) . CO = 2 x NA + 1.15 * GLU/18 + BUN/2.8 : calculated osmolality (2) . OG = MO - CO : osmolar gap [Ethanol] / 3.8 [Methanol] / 3.2 [Isopropanol] / 6.0 [Ethylene glycol] / 6.2

Question 34

Non anion gap Acidosis | USED CARP

Answer 34

``` Ureterostomy Small Bowel Fistula Extra Chloride Diarrhea Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Adrenal Insufficiency Renal Tubular Acidosis Pancreatic Fistula ```

Question 35

pH changes of Aspirin overdose

Answer 35

combined respiratory alkalosis and anion gap acidosis