Medicine- Industrial Revolution (1700-1900) Flashcards

1
Q

What were the 7 key features of Industrial England? (1700-1900)

A

The church and beliefs, government, work and homes, technology, communication, education, attitudes.

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2
Q

How much influence did the church have over peoples ideas in 1700-1900? (I)

A

Less influence.

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3
Q

Why were the government significant in 1700-1900?

A

•Did not help with poor lives at first
•Then took responsibility for problems
•Provided funds
•Made smallpox vaccination compulsory

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4
Q

What funds did the government provide in 1700-1900?

A

• Introduced Public Health ACTS
• Built sewers
• Funding individuals who made discoveries.

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5
Q

What percentage of people lived in towns in 1700-1900? (I)

A

80%.

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6
Q

What was the main job in 1700-1900? (I)

A

Working in factories.

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7
Q

Give 3 reasons on how disease was spread in 1700-1900? (I)

A

•Towns polluted & overcrowded
•Bad living conditions
•Houses damp

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8
Q

Give 3 ways technology improved in 1700-1900. (1700-1900)

A

•Factories- better machinery
•Clearer glass- powerful microscopes
•Better engineering (helped sewers)

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9
Q

How was communication & education improving 1700-1900? (I)

A

•Literacy rates increasing
•Read about new medical developments
•Better transportation- scientists and doctors could tour & promote their ideas
• Books translated to different languages

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10
Q

What was the attitude like before and after 1830? (I)

A

-Up till 1830, people believed government should NOT help as it would make them lazy
-After 1830, people believed government needed to help and pay taxes so there was improvements.

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11
Q

Why is this period called Industrial Revolution?

A

Big change in how people worked and how things are made.

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12
Q

Why did the new cities become disease-ridden? (1700-1900) (I)

A

Not well planned.

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13
Q

Which 3 diseases were a big threat to the new working population?

A

•Tuberculosis
•Typhus
•Smallpox

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14
Q

By 1700, (I) what theory was discredited, that used to be widely popular?

A

Theory of the Four Humours.

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15
Q

What were the dominant theories of explanations of disease until the 1850’s?

A

Miasma, human-human contact.

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16
Q

What was Louis Pasteur’s big discovery?

A

•There were tiny microbes (bacteria) which could make people ill.
• Proved miasma theory wrong

17
Q

How did Louis Pasteur spread his ideas?

A

•Published germ theory in 1861.
•At first, doctors rejected this idea
•Then, Joseph Lister made a link and Pasteur inspired him to develop antiseptics.

18
Q

What did Joseph Lister do?

A

Develop antiseptics

19
Q

What is the spontaneous generation?

A

Decay produced microorganisms

20
Q

Who was racing against Pasteur

A

Koch

21
Q

What did Robert koch discover

A

Bacteria which caused cholera

22
Q

What were robert kochs methods?

A

Grow bacteria using agar jelly in a petri dish
Staining bacteria so u can see under microscope

23
Q

Who were the main individuals in 1700-1900

A

Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch

24
Q

What did institutions believe in 1700-1900?

A

More interested in practical solutions to problems like epidemics so didn’t promote germ theory.

25
Q

How did communication improve in 1700-1900?

A

Improved transportation and technology
Quickly spread ideas

26
Q

How did technology improve in 1700-1900?

A

Clearer images and higher magnification

27
Q

How did hospitals change by the end of 1900?

A

Function changed- where sick was treated
Staffing transformed
Cleanliness was of utmost importance