medicine through time Flashcards
(26 cards)
What new theories developed the Renaissance?
Contagion and that there might be seeds in the air that caused disease.
How did Thomas Sydenham, in 1676, challenge the very basis of the Four Humours?
He argued disease was something that attacked the body, not something that happened because of imbalances with in.
What did Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, in 1702, claim he could see through a microscope?
Animalcules on food
What theory was increasingly popular for explaining animalcules around 1800?
Spontaneous Generation
What year did germ theory get published and by who?
1861 - Louis Pasteur
What were the “four principles of germ theory”?
- Germs are everywhere around us in the air, 2.Germs cause decay, decay does not “spontaneously” generate them, 3.Germs are not evenly distributed, 4.Germs can be killed by heating them up.
What methods of preventing illness became more popular during the Renaissance?
Quarantining sick people and avoiding mess / bad air all together.
During which century did inoculation become popular in Britain?
During the 18th century, the 1700s
When did Edward Jenner discover the Smallpox vaccination?
1796
Describe the growth of chemical chemistry as a new form of treatment in the Renaissance.
Chemical chemistry was made famous by Paracelsus in 1526 and became more popular in the 1600s. It involved experimenting with chemicals like arsenic, mercury and antimony.
What was the name of the book published in 1618 that included details on 122 chemical treatments
The Pharmacopoeia Londinensis
What was discovered about antibodies in the late 19th century?
The body created these to fight off disease
Name three chemical cures, in time order, developed in the 20th century.
Salvarsan 606, Prontosil, Penicillin.
who developed the theory of the four humors
Hippocrates
How did galen take this theory further
he theorised that you could cancel out the imbalance in the humors by doing something to counter what was supposedly making you ill
who was first to theorise that the body was made up of chemicals and that chemicals could be created to cure sickness.
Paracelsus
what did Vesalius publish and what did it contain
he published “the fabric of the human body” which corrected many of galens mistakes about anatomy
what theory did william harvey come up with
the circulation in the early 1600s
who developed the first vaccination through observing that milkmaids were immune to smallpox as they had cowpox before
edward jenner
what did edwin chadwick want the government to do
help the poor to stop the spread of illness
who developed the first anesthetic and what was it made from
james simpson found that chloroform would make you unconscious for a short time
how id florence nightingale improve hospitals
she improved training and conditions in hospitals during the crimean war
what did john snow discover about water and what did he improve
john snow discovered that water was the cause of cholera, he also invented a safer method of using chloroform, a dispenser
how did robert koch take the germ theory further
he found the germs that caused specific diseases in the 1880s
