Medicine through time Individuals Flashcards
(35 cards)
What did Aristotle do and when
Linked the four humorous to seasons (384-322 BC) a rewound Greek philosopher
What did Hippocrates do and when
The Hippocratic oath and began observation rather than blaming the supernatural (460-370 BC)
What did Galen do and when
Proved that the brain controlled the body not the heart using nerves Also created a method of treatment using the four humors which was to balance them (130-210 AD)
What did Rhazes do and when
comprehensive book which detailed about diseases (854-925 AD) the book included worked on diseases such as small pox and measles
What did Ibn Sina (Avicenna) do and when
regarded one of the most significant writers of his period of time wrote books such as book of healing
What did Ibn Nafis do and when
a physician who is mostly famous for being the first to describe the pulmonary circulation of the blood. Work of Al-Nafis regarding the right sided (pulmonary) circulation
What did Vesalius do and when
During the Renaissance Wrote detailed medical books which allowed students training to get better information these book where also helped due to detailed annotations of the body from dissections
What did Pare do and when
A Doctor Who when cauterisating ran out of boiling oil this therefore lead him to create a cooling salve and bandage his patients and used small stands of silk to tie of the blood vessels these where called ligatures (1536)
What did Harvey do and when
Proved that the heart was a pump and blood wasn’t replaced as it traveled around the body which was one of galens theory this was one example of galens incorrect theories being disproved.
What did Edward Jenner do and when
Edward Jenner a doctor in the Gloucestershire countryside was working on smallpox and when he spoke to milk maids they insinuated they where immune so he investigated this and it lead him to discover Cowpox lead to the immunity of smallpox he didn’t understand why because this was before pastures germ theory but this was the first example of inoculation but was called vaccination due to it come from a cow and the Latin word for cow is vacca
What did Mary Seacole do and when
A black nurse who wanted go and treat the sick and injured but was refused due to her race this lead her to pay her own way and she then worked with people such as Florence nightingale (1854-1856 time during the Crimea war)
What did Florence nightingale do and when
Florence nightingale was a female nurse who served during the Crimea war but when she also whilst in England improved cleanliness and ventilation in the hospital where she worked
What did Louis Pasteur do and when
A French Chemist who investigating why beer was spoiling and he was looking he found that there where these little organisms causing him to realise that they where causing the problem and this lead him to come up with germ theory and then later he created a vaccination for rabies and chicken cholera
What did Robert Koch do and when
A German Scientist who’s methodical investigation of bacterium this was done by creating a culture then injecting this into a mouse then did this with 10 generation of mice then compared it to the original culture this allowed him to find the pathogen that caused diseases such as anthrax
What did Elizabeth Blackwell do and when
Elizabeth Blackwell was the first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States, as well as the first woman on the UK Medical Register
What did Elizabeth garrett Anderson do and when
First female doctor in the US
What did Paul Ehrlich do and when
Created a drug salvarsan 606 a drug used to treat syphilis it was given its name due the number of attempts to create the effective drug (Discovery made in 1905)
What did Alexander Fleming do and when
Accidentally discovered the fungi that was later called penicillin and killed bacterium once inside the body this therefore made a drastic improvement but he didn’t create any large production methods he published a book on his discovery
What did Florey and chains do (Linked) and when
Created a production method for penicillin but this was slow and created very small amount during the second world war approached the UK government but where refused funding to create a mass production method then later they approached the US government who had just joined the second world war so spent money and a mass production method was created
What did Crick and Watson (Linked) and when
Discovered the genetic structure of the double helix
What did James Simpson do and when
A chemist that discovered chloroform and how it was used
What did Joesph Lister do and when
Created an aseptic surgery method using an acidic spray which killed bacterium in the air this therefore allowed for longer surgeries to take place
What did William Halsted do and when
an American surgeon who emphasized strict aseptic technique during surgical procedures.
What did McIndoe do and when
Pioneering surgeon in plastic surgery and worked with burn victims in the RFA this therefore allowed them in integrate into society better after the war
