Medicine Through Time-Industrial Period

Question 1

Who observed the process of inoculation ,where was this?

Answer 1

Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, In Turkey

Question 2

How did inoculation work?

Answer 2

A small amount of pus was taken form a smallpox blister, the pus was then inserted into a small cut of the person being inoculated, the person would then suffer from a mild version of smallpox. afterwards they then became immune to the disease.

Question 3

What were two disadvantages of inoculation?

Answer 3

• It was not always effective or safe

- doctors got paid for it, meaning that not everyone could afford to have it done

Question 4

What was Jenner’s discovery?

Answer 4

Jenner discovered a link between cowpox and smallpox. He discovered that those who had cowpox would be immune to smallpox.

Question 5

What did Jenner do with his discovery?

Answer 5

Jenner used scientific methods to experiment and check his ideas, he then put them into practice by injecting people with cowpox, they then didn’t catch smallpox. He called this process vaccination.

Question 6

List two benefits of Jenner’s discovery

Answer 6

• Vaccination was eventually made compulsory n 1872-this was a big step forward for government caring about public health
• Eventually, Smallpox was completely eradicated(1979)

Question 7

List 2 drawbacks of Jenner’s discovery

Answer 7

• The link only existed between cowpox and smallpox, Jenner also didn’t know why this link worked
• Some people refused to get vaccinated- they didn’t trust the process and/or thought that it was unnatural

Question 8

What were believed two be the tow major cases of disease for the majority of the industrial period

Answer 8

• Miasma

- Spontaneous Generation

Question 9

What is spontaneous generation?

Answer 9

The belief that rotting matter created microbes and these were spread via miasma

Question 10

What year was the cholera epidemic that snow investigated?

Answer 10

1854

Question 11

What did snow use to record deaths based on cholera?

Answer 11

A spot map around Soho

Question 12

What did snow conclude from his diagram

Answer 12

That the main problem causing cholera was the broad street pump

Question 13

What did snow do that helped stooped the spread of cholera

Answer 13

He removed the handle from the broad street pump

Question 14

What was eventually discovered about the issue behind the broad street pump causing cholera?

Answer 14

It was caused by a cracked cesspit that seeped into the well

Question 15

How was cholera spreading around the people of Soho?

Answer 15

-through bacteria spread through food and water that had been contaminated by an infected persons waste

Question 16

List 2 benefits of Snow’s work

Answer 16

• Snow’s work was immediately effective,

- Because of Snow (amongst other factors) the 1875 public health act is passed

Question 17

List 2 drawbacks of Snow’s work

Answer 17

• Ways to provide clean water and improve sanitary conditions would be costly and since Snow had no scientific proof, the government refused to fund this
• A lot of people clung on to ideas about miasma