Medieval Europe Flashcards
(30 cards)
What was the order of the Hierarchy of the feudal society?
Monarch, tenants-in-chief, sub-tenants, peasants.
What did the monarch do?
Gave land and other privileges to the lower classes and ruled the town.
What did the tenants-in-chief do?
The tenants-in-chief, also known as the lords and bishops, provided the monarch with fully prepared armies to use in battle. They were the monarch’s most respected class.
What did the sub-tenants do?
The sub-tenants, also known as the knights and lesser clergy, offered to fight and pray for the monarch, and guarded the tenant-in-chief and his property.
What did the peasants do?
They lived on farms and gave tax to the upper classes in the form of food. They made up 90% of the population.
Why was the pope so powerful in the early Christian period?
He was the only Pope of Christianity, whereas the were many kings in Europe.
What were some influences of Rome?
The romans were very powerful. They were rulers of many countries and built them up. They invented the 12-month calendar that we use today (Romulus Augustus and Julius Caesar), and the Roman numerals that are used (XV=15). The Roman architecture is used in the present (arches).
Who were the barbarians?
The people beyond the borders of the Roman Empire were considered barbaric to the Romans.
What are the main reasons for the fall of Rome.
- The empire was too large, so they could not control them all.
- The Roman population was dying out.
- Christianity was the official religion, which blunted the Romans’ desire to conquer.
What did the remaining piece of the Roman Empire become known as?
The Byzantine Empire.
Who was the last Roman Emperor and in what year was he deposed?
Romulus Augustus was the last Roman Emperor, and was deposed in 476 CE.
What type of art was used?
The rich had beautiful tapestries on the walls that were used as decoration and insulation on the cold castle walls.
What are some examples of important art and literature?
- Bayeux Tapestry was on a castle wall in France.
- The Canterbury Tales was a series of poems written by Geoffrey Chaucer.
What was the order of the Feudal System?
King, Lords, Knights, Peasants.
What was the role of the Pope?
He makes all the rules in the Catholic Church.
What was a monastery?
A place for male monks that consisted of; a church, a chapter house, dormitories, a hospice, a refectory, a library, and an abbot’s quarters.
What is a monk?
A member of a religious community of men typically living under vows of poverty and obedience. They did not go to school, but they worked in the fields from the age of 10.
Who is the ‘Abbot’?
The chief monk in a monastery.
What is a Manor?
A large agricultural estate with paddocks, a village for the workers, and a manor house for the owner of the land.
What were the crusades?
A series of wars fought in Europe and the Middle East between the 11th and 13th century. The Christians fought against non-Christians and heretics.
What was the role of the knight
He was the protector of the land. He was given land by the king in exchange for his loyalty in fighting the king’s fights.
What was the role of women in feudal society?
Women worked in the house, keeping care of the children. They would make children to pass down the husband’s family name.
What was the role of children in feudal society?
Children were trained to be farmers from the age of 10.
What was the ‘Canterbury Tales’?
A series of tales about people and their jobs.
