Meds 11-20 Flashcards
(44 cards)
What is the brand name of Metoprolol tartrate?
Lopressor, Toprol-XL
What would Metoprolol tartrate treat? (drug category)
Cardiovascular Agent Beta Blocker, cardioselective.
(Non-selctive betablockers enhance the pressor response to epinephrine , resulting in hypertension and bradycardia. This has not been reported for metoprolol, a selective agent.)
Why would a patient be taking Metoprolol tartrate?
Treatment of angina pectoris, hypertension, hemodynamically stable acute myocardial infarction
A patient reports that they are taking Metoprolol tartrate. What side effects should you watch out for?
Hypotension, bradycardia (low heart rate), dizziness, fatigue
True or False:
Because Metoprolol tartrate is a Cardioselective Beta Blocker, you should take precautions when using epinephrine.
FALSE
Only need to be careful when using NON-selective beta blockers
What are the implications of using NSAIDs on a patient taking Metoprololtartrate?
Short term (3days): no precautions needed Long term (3weeks): therapeutic effect of beta blocker may be decrased
A patient reports taking a medication for her major depressive disorder and anxiety, but can’t remember the name. What is the possible drug that would treat these disorders (generic and brand name)?
Generic: Escitalopram
Brand: Lexapro
What are the oral implications of Escitalopram?
Xerostomia (dry mouth) but goes away with stopping drug
Has potential to cause prolonged bleeding time, especially if used with aspirin, NSAIDs, or other anticoagulants. Routine interruption for most dental procedures is not warranted.
What side effects should you watch out for if a patient says he is taking Escitalopram?
Headache, Sleep problems, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, other CNS side effects
What is the generic name of Zithromax?
Azithromycin
Why would a patient be taking Azithromycin?
Bacterial infections - otitis media, pharyngeal infections or pneumonia caused by Hemophilus influenza or Staphylococcus organisms, 500 mg/day, 5-7 days
What drug may be used to treat otitis media, and what dose may be prescribed to the patient?
Azithromycin
500 mg/day, 5-7 days
What oral implications should you watch out for in patients taking Zithromax?
Nothing
What are potential side effects of Zithromax?
Diarrhea, nausea
A patient indicates that she suffers from asthma. What drug may the patient be taking in her inhaler?
Generic: Albuterol
Brand name: ProAir HFA
How does Albuterol work in patients with asthma?
Bronchodilator
Albuterol is a great bronchodilator, but what side effects should you watch out for patients on this medication?
Tachycardias or arrhythmias, but no restriction on epinephrine use
What is the drug category of Escitalopram?
Anti-depressant, SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor)
What drug may be used as an antibiotic prophylactic for Infective Endocarditis?
Azithromycin
What does a hydrochlorothiazide treat?
Mild to moderate hypertension, edema, congestive heart failure
A patient is taking Microzide for her hypertension. What should you be careful of when treating the patient in the dental setting?
Be careful of orthostatic side effects - make sure the patient doesn’t stand up too quickly when getting up from the dental chair. A patient with hypertension is at increased
risk for a medical emergency during dental care, such as a
heart attack.
This drug is a diuretic that acts to block sodium resorption in the distal tubules of the kidney, causing increased secretion of sodium and water and potassium and
hydrogen ions. Knowing that it is used to treat hypertension, what drug could this be?
Hydrochlorothiazide
What pharmacotherapeutic agent would a type 2 diabetic patient be taking?
General: Metformin
Brand: Glucophage, Fortamet
Aside from type 2 and gestational diabetic treatment, what other disease/syndrome is Metformin used for?
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
