Meds Flashcards
Aldactone
(spironolactone)
1628
Class: Diuretic, potassium-sparing
Action: Prevents body from absorbing too much sodium and keeps potassium levels from getting too low.
Use: Treats a condition where there is too much Aldosterone in the body, treats fluid retention, treats/prevents hypokalemia.
Common SE:Dizziness, blurred vision, N&V, fatigue, anorexia, insomnia, nasal congestion, gynecomastia.
Serious SE: Anaphylactic reactions, agranulocytosis
Blackbox Warning: Has been shown to be tumorigenic
Kayexalate
Class: Cation exchange resin
Action: Affects the exchange of sodium and potassium in the body
Use: Treats hyperkalemia
Common SE: diarrhea, anorexia, constipation
Serious SE: black/tarry stool, rapid weight gain, muscle weakness, uneven heartbeats
HCTZ
hydrochlorothiazide
Class: Diuretic, thiazide
Action: Prevents body from absorbing too much salt, which causes fluid retention
Use: Edema caused by fluid retention, hypertension
Common SE: diarrhea, constipation, blurred vision
Serious SE: eye pain, vision problems, dry mouth, numbness/tingly feeling, rash
0.45% NaCl
Class:
Action:
Use:
Common SE:
Serious SE:
Blackbox Warning:
Lasix
Furosemide
Class: Diuretic, loop
Pregnancy Category C
Action: Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the proximal and distal tubule as well as the ascending loop of Henle, thus allowing the sodium and chloride to be excreted through urine. Also has a slight antihypertensive effect.
Use: Treats edema associated with CHF, renal disease (nephrotic syndrome), and hepatic cirrhosis, acute pulmonary edema, hypertension
Common side effects: jaundice, tinnitus, hearing impairment, hypotension, water/electrolyte depletion, pancreatitis, abdominal pain, dizziness, anemia.
Serious side effects: agranuloctyosis, aplastic anemia, cardiac arrest.
IM; IV Edema: Adults: 20-40 mg given as a single dose IM or slowly IV over 1-2 min
IV Acute pulmonary edema: Adults 40 mg slowly over 1-2 min
Oral Edema: Adults: 20-80 mg/day as a single dose
*Furosemide is potent diuretic which, if given in excessive amounts, can lead to profound diuresis with water and electrolyte depletion.
Viagra
(Sildenafil citrate)
1588
Class: Drug for erectile dysfunction, pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Action: Causes smooth muscle relaxation and allows inflow of blood resulting in an erection.
Use: Erectile dysfunction, pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Common SE: Headache, dyspepsia, nasal congestion, UTI, abnormal vision, diarrhea, dizziness, rash.
Serious SE: MI, sudden cardia death, CVA, pulmonary hemorrhage, cardiomyopathy, heart failure.
Blackbox Warning: shouldn’t use with nitrates due to hypotensive effects. Should not use with underlying cardiovascular condition.
Cialis
(Tadalafil)
1657
Class: Drug for erectile dysfunction or pulmonary arterial hypertension
Action: Causes smooth muscle relaxation and allows inflow of blood resulting in an erection.
Use: Erectile dysfunction, pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Common SE: Headache, dyspepsia, nasal congestion, back pain, flushing, limb pain, myalgia, hypotension.
Serious SE: Angio pectoris, MI, Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Blackbox Warning: Use with caution in people with bleeding risks and in the elderly with BP problems.
Levitra
Vardenafil hydrochloride
1836
Class: Drug for erectile dysfunction
Action: Causes smooth muscle relaxation and allows inflow of blood resulting in an erection
Use: Erectile dysfunction
Common SE: Headache, dizziness, dyspepsia, nausea, diarrhea, rhinitis, accidental injury, back pain, flu syndrome, flushing, myalgia, rash, abnormal vision.
Serious SE: MI, angina pectoris, myocardial ischemia, anaphylaxis
Blackbox Warning: Use with caution in people with bleeding disorders.
