Meds

Question 1

Short acting Beta-2 agonist drug name (one)

Answer 1

albuterol

Question 2

Nursing considerations for albuterol

Answer 2

monitor HR and BP, use care with cardiac patients

Question 3

side effects of albuterol

Answer 3

tachycardia, palpitations, nervousness, increase BP

Question 4

actions of albuterol

Answer 4

bronchodilators, relaxes smooth muscles in airways, begins working within minutes

Question 5

name of oral/IV corticosteorids (three)

Answer 5

prednisone, methylprednisolone, orapred

Question 6

actions of oral/IV corticosteroids

Answer 6

used to treat acute asthma attacks or severe asthma

Question 7

Nursing considerations for oral/IV corticosteroids

Answer 7

may take a few hours or few days to become fully effective, long term use can cause serious side effects- cataracts, osteoporosis, muscle weakness, decreased resistance to infection, high BP

Question 8

cholinergic antagonist drug name (one)

Answer 8

atrovent

Question 9

cholinergic antagonist action

Answer 9

used to block parasympathetic nervous system which increases bronchodilation

Question 10

side effects of cholinergic antagonists

Answer 10

blurred vision, headache, nausea, nervousness, palpitations

Question 11

nursing considerations of cholinergic antagonists

Answer 11

drug can cause dry mouth - rinse mouth after use, must be used several times a day, used in conjunction with albuterol and/or nebulizers

Question 12

inhaled corticosteroid drugs (four)

Answer 12

flovent, pulmicort, azmacort, aerobid

Question 13

actions of inhaled corticosteroids

Answer 13

anti inflammatory, decreased inflammation in the airways

Question 14

side effects of inhaled corticosteroids

Answer 14

few side effects, use of these minimizes need for oral steroids

Question 15

nursing considerations of inhaled corticosteroids

Answer 15

monitor growth rate on kids, long term use can increase risk of bruising/thinning skin, gargle and spit out water after use to avoid oral thrush/yeast infections

Question 16

long acting beta-2 agonists (LABA) drugs (three)

Answer 16

serevent (salmeterol), formoteraol, advair

Question 17

actions of LABA

Answer 17

bronchodilators - open constricted airways, last at least 12 hours, used to control moderate to severe asthma

Question 18

side effects of LABA

Answer 18

in some cases can actually make asthma attack worse

Question 19

nursing considerations of LABA

Answer 19

use on regular schedule, not to be used as main treatment for asthma, never to be used without inhaled corticosteroid

Question 20

leukotriene modifier drugs (two)

Answer 20

singulair, accolate

Question 21

action of leukotriene modifiers

Answer 21

reduces production/blocks the action of leukotriene substance released by cells in lungs during asthma attack

Question 22

side effects of leukotriene modifiers

Answer 22

headache, abdominal pain, cough

Question 23

nursing considerations of leukotriene modifiers

Answer 23

used in conjunction with other meds such as inhaled corticosteroids, used with mild asthma, given in oral pill form

Question 24

methylxanthine drugs (three)

Answer 24

theo-dur, uniphyl, theophylline

Question 25

action of methylxanthines

Answer 25

bronchodilator

Question 26

side effects of methylxanthines

Answer 26

nausea/vomiting, tachycardia, dysrthymias

Question 27

nursing considerations for methylxanthines

Answer 27

often used if other agents ineffective, narrow therapeutic range, patient becomes toxic easily, blood levels need to be monitored, avoid caffeine if possible, take oral meds with food

Question 28

Nasal cannula O2 concentration

Answer 28

22-45%

Question 29

nasal cannula advantage, disadvantages, and administration guidelines

Answer 29

adv: effective for low oxygen concentration dis: will not deliver oxygen concentrations higher than 40%, dry mucous membranes adm guidelines: maximum flow is 5-6 LPM. change to another O2 device if patient requires > 5 LPM. humidify for liter flows >4 LPM, use on patients with adequate tidal volume and normal vital signs

Question 30

simple mask advantages, disadvantages, and administration guidelines, O2 concentration

Answer 30

O2 concentration: 25-60% adv: deliver oxygen concentrations up to 60% dis: tight seal is required for higher oxygen concentrations, hot and confining impractical long term adm guidelines: a minimum of 6 LPM is required for all masks to flush expired CO2 and prevent rebreathing of CO2. do not use humidifier and fit firmly. use for severe asthma, pneumonia, trauma, or severe sepsis

Question 31

nonrebreather O2 concentration, advantage, disadvantages, and administration guidelines

Answer 31

o2 concentration: 80-95% adv: deliver highest possible oxygen concentration without intubation, short term therapy dis: requires a tight seal, impractical for long term adm guidelines: reservoir bag must remain inflated at all times, do not use humidifier bottle, if bag collapses, increase flow rate until inflated, ensure free expansion no twisting or kinks

Question 32

Venturi mask O2 concentration, advantage, disadvantages, and administration guidelines

Answer 32

O2 concentraiton: 24-60% is determined by color of venture device adv: delivers highly accurate oxygen concentration for same amount of air always enters dis: requires a tight seal intake ports can be blocked adm guidelines: accurate O2 concentration depends on oxygen liter flow and color of attached venture device, always use the clear plastic collar to guarantee the oxygen concentration delivered. Do not use a humidifier bottle. USE ON COPD PATIENTS

Question 33

Aerosol/ large volume nebulizers O2 concentration, advantage, disadvantages, and administration guidelines

Answer 33

O2 concentration: 28-100% adv: administers large volumes of mist, indicated for thick secretions dis: condensation may collect in the trach. collar or tubing adm guidelines: observe for signs of overhydration, pulmonary edema, crackles, connected to a wide corrugated tubing that receives oxygen from a jet nebulizer

Question 34

Nasal canula leater flow (LPM)

Answer 34

``` 1-6 1=25% 2=29% 3=33% 4=37% 5=41% 6=45% ```

Question 35

simple mask liter flow

Answer 35

6-10

Question 36

non rebreather liter flow

Answer 36

10-15

Question 37

venturi mask liter flow

Answer 37

varies, mixes a specific volume of air and oxygen

Question 38

aerosol/large volume nebulizers liter flow

Answer 38

10-15