medsurg test 1 Flashcards

Question

normal cerebral perfusion pressure

Answer 1

Normal CCP is 70-100

Answer 2

decreased urine output, decreased Na+. 3% normal saline may be given (very slow infusion). Patients may be given mannitol

Answer 3

increased urine output, increased Na+

Answer 4

vigorously regulate body temperature

Answer 5

Fractures to the base of the skull can present with bleeding from nose pharynx or ears, battle sign (ecchymosis behind the ear) CSF leak: halo sign is a ring of fluid around the blood stain from the damage. NO NG TUBES

Answer 6

bradycardia, irregular respirations, and a widened pulse pressure

Answer 7

blood collection in the space between the skull and the dura. May have a brief LOC before returning to a lucid state, hematoma expects and leads to increased ICP. Emergency

Answer 8

Occurs in the substance of the brain. Can be traumatic or non traumatic. Treatment includes supportive care, control of ICP. Craniotomy or craniectomy may be needed to remove clot.

Answer 9

coma, absence of brainstem reflex, apnea

Answer 10

sudden depression of reflex activity below the level of spinal injury. You will see muscular flaccidity and lack of sensation and reflexes

Answer 11

caused by loss of function of the autonomic nervous system. BP, HR and cardiac output decrease, venous pooling occurs because of shit peripheral vasodilation, paralyzed portions of the body do not perspire.

Answer 12

acute emergency - occurs after spinal shock has resolved and may occur years after the injury. most common cause is distended bladder

Answer 13

Kernig’s Sign - leg cant be extended after bending Brudzunski’s Sign - can't just flex one leg, the other goes with it

Answer 14

MS is an autoimmune disorder that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. periods of relapse

Answer 15

exercise, but really avoid overheating and heat in general, encourage fluids to avoid UTI, eyepatch for diplopia

Answer 16

Autoimmune disorder affecting the myoneural junction. Antibodies directed at acetylcholine at the myoneural junction impair transmission of impulses. This one has the crises

Answer 17

Directed at improving function and reducing and removing circulating antibodies, therapeutic plasma exchange, thymectomy (removing the thymus gland).

Answer 18

MG related. From an infection

Answer 19

MG problem. From medications

Answer 20

Autoimmune disorder with acute attack of peripheral nerve myelin. Rapid demyelination may produce respiratory failure and autonomic nervous system dysfunction with CV instability.

Answer 21

5th cranial nerve, characterized by pain. More common in women and patients with MS. Patients can occur with any stimulation, even just air. Patients may avoid eating, neglect hygiene and even isolate to prevent attacks

Answer 22

facial paralysis caused by unilateral inflammation of the seventh cranial nerve. Manifestations include unilateral facial muscle weakness or paralysis with facial distortion, increased lacrimation, and painful sensations in the face, they may have difficulty with speech and eating. Usually recover within 3-5 weeks.

Answer 23

limited to one limb. teach the patient to protect the limb.

Answer 24

A chronic progressive hereditary disease that results in choreiform movement and dementia Pathology involves premature death of cells in the striatum of the basal ganglia (control of movement) and the cortex (thinking, memory, perception, judgment)

Answer 25

Loss of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord and loss of motor nuclei of the lower brainstem Manifestations include progressive weakness and atrophy of muscles cramps, twitching, and lack of coordination, spasticity, deep tendon reflex brisk and overactive, difficulty speaking, swallowing, breathing

medsurg test 1 Flashcards

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