meiosis

Question 1

homologous chromosomes separate

Produces haploid cells with replicated chromosomes

Answer 1

meiosis 1

Question 2

sister chromatids separate

Produces haploid cells with unreplicated chromosomes

Answer 2

meiosis 2

Question 3

Chromosomes duplicate

Unlike the other phases of meiosis, interphase only occurs once

Answer 3

interphase

Question 4

Chromosomes condense and become visible
Nuclear envelope breaks down
Crossing over: exchange of genetic material between chromosomes
Portions of a chromatid on one homologous chromosome are broken and exchanged with another
Increases genetic diversity

Answer 4

Prophase I

Question 5

Pairs of homologous chromosomes move to the middle and are attached to spindle fibers

Answer 5

Metaphase I

Question 6

Homologous chromosomes move to opposite poles

Sister chromatids are still attached at their centromeres

Answer 6

Anaphase I

Question 7

Chromosomes gather at the poles

Cytokinesis begins

Answer 7

Telophase I

Question 8

Do Chromosomes replicate between meiosis I and meiosis II

Answer 8

NOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO THEY DO NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT

Question 9

Prophase II

Answer 9

A new spindle forms around the chromosomes from Telophase I

Question 10

Chromosomes line up at the middle and are attached to spindle fibers

Answer 10

Metaphase II

Question 11

Centromeres divide, moving chromatids to opposite poles of the cell

Answer 11

Anaphase II

Question 12

Nuclear envelope reforms around the chromatids gathered at the poles
Cytokinesis begins

Answer 12

Telophase II

Question 13

Meiosis

Answer 13

Are the 4 daughter cells of meiosis identical?
NOPE!

There are three mechanisms that contribute to genetic variation

Question 14

independent assortment: random distribution of homologous chromosomes
Each of the 23 pairs separate independently. There are 223 combinations of gametes that can be produced

Answer 14

Genetic Variation

Question 15

genetic exchange of material

Occurs during prophase I

Answer 15

Crossing over

Question 16

random joining of two gametes

Each gamete is produced independently

Answer 16

Random fertilization:

Question 17

The process by which sperm are made in the testis

A primary spermatocyte goes through meiosis to form four sperm

Answer 17

Spermatogenesis

Question 18

The process by which egg cells are made
During cytokinesis following meiosis I, the cytoplasm divides unequally. The cell that gets nearly all the cytoplasm goes on to become the egg (ovum). The polar bodies die.
At the time of birth, all future eggs are in the prophase stage. At adolescence, the primary oocyte finishes the first meiotic division.

Answer 18

Oogenesis