Meiosis

Question 1

What does each parent produce that is a reproductive cell?

Answer 1

gametes

Question 2

A gamete from one parent that fuses w/ a gamete from the other is called?

Answer 2

fertilization

Question 3

Resulting cell from gametes?

Answer 3

zygote

Question 4

What type of cell can produce gametes?

Answer 4

germ cells

Question 5

what are other body cells called?

Answer 5

somatic cells

Question 6

What is a characteristic number of chromosomes that each species has?

Answer 6

chromosome number

Question 7

If an organism has too many or too few chromosomes, what may happen?

Answer 7

organism would not develop or function properly

Question 8

What are diploid cells?

Answer 8

a cell that has two sets of chromosomes

Question 9

What are Haploid cells?

Answer 9

a cell that has one set of chromosomes

Question 10

What are chromosomes that do not code gender?

Answer 10

autosomes

Question 11

What are sex chromosomes?

Answer 11

contain genes for determined gender

Question 12

Who is XX?

Answer 12

females

Question 13

Who is XY?

Answer 13

males

Question 14

What happens in meiosis 1?

Answer 14

dna has been replicated and forms homologous chromosomes

Question 15

what happens in prophase 1?

Answer 15

homologous chromosomes pair up to form tetrads by synapsis

Question 16

what are tetrads

Answer 16

4 chromatid

Question 17

What is crossing over?

Answer 17

exchange corresponding genetic info between chromosomes

Question 18

what happens in metaphase 1?

Answer 18

homologous chromosomes pairs line up on the equator

Question 19

What is the random assortment of chromosomes across the equator?

Answer 19

independent assortment

Question 20

what happens in anaphase 1?

Answer 20

homologous chromosomes separate and each chromosome moves toward opposite poles

Question 21

what happens in telophase 1?

Answer 21

the cytoplasm divides to form two new cells

Question 22

Summary of Meiosis 1

Answer 22

• synapsis and crossing over takes place
• homologous pairs of chromosomes line up (independent assortment) and seperate

Question 23

Is Mitosis and Meiosis 2 the same?

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

How many cells does Meiosis 2 start with?

Answer 24

2

Question 25

Are the chromosomes copied in Meiosis 2?

Answer 25

No

Question 26

What happens in Prophase 2?

Answer 26

Chromosomes form, spindle fibers form

Question 27

What happens in Metaphase 2?

Answer 27

the individual chromosomes line up along the equators

Question 28

What happens in Anaphase 2?

Answer 28

the sister chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell

Question 29

What happens in Telophase 2?

Answer 29

a nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes; the spindle breaks down and the cell goes thru cytokinesis

Question 30

What is the total amount of cells/ result of Meiosis?

Answer 30

Four, genetically unique, cells

Question 31

Differences between Mitosis and Meiosis

Answer 31

1. Homologous chromosomes v. sister chromatids 2. mitosis occurs in somatic cells and meiosis occurs in germ cells 3. genetic variation as a result of crossing over and independent assortment 4. Crossing over and synapsis in Meiosis 1