Meiosis and Genetics

Question 1

Each chromosome has about how many genes?

Answer 1

1500.

Question 2

Human body cells have how many chromosomes?

Answer 2

46.

Question 3

A cell with n number of chromosomes is called a?

Answer 3

Haploid cell.

Question 4

If the symbol n represents the number of chromosomes, in human what does n equal to?

Answer 4

23.

Question 5

A cell 2n chromosomes is called a?

Answer 5

Diploid cell.

Question 6

___ is a kind of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes by half through the separation of homologous chromosomes.

Answer 6

Meiosis.

Question 7

__ occurs when a section of the chromosome changes place with a section of it’s homologous chromosome.

Answer 7

crossing over.

Question 8

What phase lines up pairs of homologous chromosomes in the center of the cell?

Answer 8

Meta phase I.

Question 9

__, the chromosomes reach the poles, and the nuclear membrane and nuclei reform.

Answer 9

Telophase II.

Question 10

What results in genetic variation?

Answer 10

Meiosis.

Question 11

Gametes help ___ the same number of chromosomes from generation to generation.

Answer 11

Produce.

Question 12

What do Homologous chromosomes do?

Answer 12

Make up a pair.

Question 13

What does it mean when chromosomal segments are exchanged between a pair of homologous chromosomes?

Answer 13

Crossing over.

Question 14

What are gametes?

Answer 14

A sex cell that contains the haploid of chromosomes.

Question 15

Use the words Haploid cell, diploid cell, and fertilization together in a sentence.

Answer 15

Fertilization is the combination of Haploid, egg and sperm, to form the diploid zygote.

Question 16

What is inside the cell of Mitosis?

Answer 16

it has a diploid number of chromosomes.

Question 17

What can happen when Mitosis has now two cells?

Answer 17

it grows and replicates its DNA.

Question 18

After each thing that goes through Mitosis what happens next?

Answer 18

it can then go through the entire cell cycle again.

Question 19

What happens after Meiosis goes through its inter phase and replicates its DNA?

Answer 19

It goes through Meiosis I.

Question 20

What happens in Meiosis I?

Answer 20

It has two cells that each have a haploid number of chromosomes.

Question 21

What happens after Meiosis I goes through the first phase?

Answer 21

it duplicates the entire cell into two.

Question 22

Why is Meiosis not a cycle?

Answer 22

because those cells that duplicate are gametes, they are sex cells.

Question 23

What can those sex cells now be used for?

Answer 23

for fertilization.

Question 24

How do sex cells go through in a male?

Answer 24

in their testicles, which then are sperm cells.

Question 25

How do sex cells go through in a female?

Answer 25

it happens in their ovaries, which then are egg cells.

Question 26

If there are only four functional egg cells, the others will be come?

Answer 26

Polar bodies.

Question 27

How many cell divisions occur during Meiosis?

Answer 27

2.

Question 28

What is likely result of crossing over during Meiosis I

Answer 28

Production of recombine gametes.

Question 29

What is Meiosis achievement?

Answer 29

It goal is to separate sister chromatids,

Question 30

What is the overall purpose of Meiosis?

Answer 30

To create gametes.

Question 31

What is inheritance/Heredity?

Answer 31

Passing traits to the next generation.

Question 32

What is F1?

Answer 32

First filial generation ( offspring of parental cross).

Question 33

What is F2?

Answer 33

Second filial generation ( offspring of F1, cross).

Question 34

What is an allele?

Answer 34

Is an alternative form of a single gene.

Question 35

What are dominant alleles?

Answer 35

Are always expressed if they are present.

Question 36

What are recessive alleles?

Answer 36

Are masked if a dominant allele is present.

Question 37

When is a recessive allele present?

Answer 37

If both alleles are recessive.

Question 38

How is a dominant allele represented?

Answer 38

By a capital Y.

Question 39

How is a recessive allele represented?

Answer 39

By a lowercase y.

Question 40

What are Homozygous organisms?

Answer 40

With two of the same alleles for a particular trait. ( YY or yy)

Question 41

What are Heterozygous organisms?

Answer 41

With two different alleles for a particular trait. ( Yy )

Question 42

What is a Genotype?

Answer 42

An organism's alleles pairs (true genetics).

Question 43

What is a Phenotype?

Answer 43

The observable characteristic or outward expression of an allele pair.

Question 44

What is the Law of Segregation?

Answer 44

Two alleles for each trait separate during meiosis, two alleles for that trait combine during fertilization.

Question 45

What is the Law of Independent Assortment?

Answer 45

During gamate formation, alleles are distributed randomly.