meiosis vocab

Question 1

Chromosome

Answer 1

structure made up of DNA and proteins; carry genetic information

Question 2

sex chromosome

Answer 2

a chromosome that determines the persons sex

Question 3

autosome

Answer 3

any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome

Question 4

unreplicated chromosome

Answer 4

a chromosome that consist of one double helical molecule of dna with proteins

Question 5

replicated chromosome

Answer 5

a chromosome that after DNA replication that consist of two identical chromatids that each have a double helical molecule of dna

Question 6

sister chromatid

Answer 6

two identical chromatids in a replicated chromosome

Question 7

homologous chromosome (homologs)

Answer 7

chromosomes that have the same genes and the same shape and size

Question 8

non-sister chromatids

Answer 8

chromatids attached to different homolog chromosome pairs.

Question 9

bivalent

Answer 9

paired replicated homologous chromosomes that exist during metaphase I and prophase I

Question 10

Haploid number

Answer 10

total number of different types of chromosomes in a cell; n

Question 11

diploid number

Answer 11

number of chromosomes in diploid cells (2n)

Question 12

ploidy

Answer 12

the number of each type of chromosomes

Question 13

haploid

Answer 13

having one of each type of chromosome

Question 14

diploid

Answer 14

have two of each type of chromosome

Question 15

polyploid

Answer 15

having more than two types of each chromosomes. tetraploid, hexaploid.

Question 16

number of cell division in mitosis

Answer 16

one

Question 17

number of cell division in meiosis

Answer 17

two

Question 18

number of chromosomes in daughter cells compared with parent cells in mitosis

Answer 18

same

Question 19

number of chromosomes in daughter cells compared with parent cells in miosis

Answer 19

half

Question 20

DNA content of daughter cells compared with parent cells mitosis

Answer 20

reduced to 1/2 as a chromosome goes from being replicated to replicated

Question 21

DNA content of daughter cells compared parent cells in miosis

Answer 21

reduced to 1/4 as chromosomes go from diploid sets to replicated haploid to unreplicated haploid

Question 22

is there a synapsis of homologs in mitosis

Answer 22

no

Question 23

is there a synapsis of homologs in miosis

Answer 23

yes

Question 24

spindle fiber attachment in mitosis

Answer 24

each chromatid in each chromosome attaches to individual spindle fibers

Question 25

spindle fiber attachment in miosis

Answer 25

both chromatids in each chromosomes attach to the same spindle fiber

Question 26

number of chismata is mitosis

Answer 26

none

Question 27

number of chismata in miosis

Answer 27

one or more per pair of homologs chromosomes

Question 28

makeup of chromosomes in daughter cells in mitosis

Answer 28

the chromosomes are identical

Question 29

makeup of chromosomes in daughter cells in miosis

Answer 29

different- various of combinations from maternal and paternal chromosomes

Question 30

the role of mitosis in the life cycle

Answer 30

asexual reproduction in some eukaryotes. usually used for cell division, growth, cell replacement, and wound healing

Question 31

the role of miosis in the life cycle

Answer 31

halving of chromosomes and the production of gametes